diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'docs/busybox.pod')
-rw-r--r-- | docs/busybox.pod | 711 |
1 files changed, 443 insertions, 268 deletions
diff --git a/docs/busybox.pod b/docs/busybox.pod index 3aecf3cff..127cf89b5 100644 --- a/docs/busybox.pod +++ b/docs/busybox.pod | |||
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ | |||
1 | # pod2man --center=Lineo --release="version 0.43" busybox.pod > busybox.1 | 1 | # vi: set sw=4 ts=4: |
2 | 2 | ||
3 | =head1 NAME | 3 | =head1 NAME |
4 | 4 | ||
@@ -36,20 +36,18 @@ tries to make itself useful to small systems with limited resources. | |||
36 | 36 | ||
37 | Currently defined functions include: | 37 | Currently defined functions include: |
38 | 38 | ||
39 | basename, cat, chmod, chown, chgrp, chroot, clear, chvt, cp, mv, date, | 39 | basename, cat, chmod, chown, chgrp, chroot, clear, chvt, cp, date, |
40 | dd, df, dirname, dmesg, du, dutmp, echo, fbset, fdflush, find, free, | 40 | dd, df, dirname, dmesg, du, dutmp, echo, false, fbset, fdflush, find, free, |
41 | freeramdisk, deallocvt, fsck.minix, mkfs.minix, grep, gunzip, gzip, | 41 | freeramdisk, deallocvt, fsck.minix, mkfs.minix, grep, gunzip, gzip, |
42 | halt, head, hostid, hostname, init, kill, killall, length, ln, loadacm, | 42 | halt, head, hostid, hostname, init, kill, killall, length, ln, loadacm, |
43 | loadfont, loadkmap, ls, lsmod, makedevs, math, mkdir, mkfifo, mknod, | 43 | loadfont, loadkmap, ls, lsmod, makedevs, math, mkdir, mkfifo, mknod, |
44 | mkswap, mnc, more, mount, mt, nslookup, poweroff, ping, printf, ps, | 44 | mkswap, mnc, more, mount, mt, mv, nslookup, poweroff, ping, printf, ps, |
45 | pwd, reboot, rm, rmdir, rmmod, sed, sh, fdisk, sfdisk, sleep, sort, | 45 | pwd, reboot, rm, rmdir, rmmod, sed, sh, fdisk, sfdisk, sleep, sort, |
46 | sync, syslogd, logger, logname, swapon, swapoff, tail, tar, [, test, | 46 | sync, syslogd, logger, logname, swapon, swapoff, tail, tar, [, test, |
47 | tee, touch, tr, true, false, tty, umount, uname, uptime, uniq, update, | 47 | tee, touch, tr, true, tty, umount, uname, uptime, uniq, update, |
48 | usleep, wc, whoami, yes, zcat | 48 | usleep, wc, whoami, yes, zcat |
49 | 49 | ||
50 | =head1 OPTIONS | 50 | =head1 COMMON OPTIONS |
51 | |||
52 | Common Options: | ||
53 | 51 | ||
54 | Most BusyBox commands support the B<--help> option to provide a | 52 | Most BusyBox commands support the B<--help> option to provide a |
55 | terse runtime description of their behavior. | 53 | terse runtime description of their behavior. |
@@ -69,6 +67,8 @@ Example: | |||
69 | $ basename /usr/local/bin/ | 67 | $ basename /usr/local/bin/ |
70 | bin | 68 | bin |
71 | 69 | ||
70 | ------------------------------- | ||
71 | |||
72 | =item cat | 72 | =item cat |
73 | 73 | ||
74 | Usage: cat [file ...] | 74 | Usage: cat [file ...] |
@@ -80,6 +80,8 @@ Example: | |||
80 | $ cat /proc/uptime | 80 | $ cat /proc/uptime |
81 | 110716.72 17.67 | 81 | 110716.72 17.67 |
82 | 82 | ||
83 | ------------------------------- | ||
84 | |||
83 | =item chmod | 85 | =item chmod |
84 | 86 | ||
85 | Usage: chmod [B<-R>] MODE[,MODE]... FILE... | 87 | Usage: chmod [B<-R>] MODE[,MODE]... FILE... |
@@ -112,20 +114,20 @@ PERMISSION may be chosen from: | |||
112 | 114 | ||
113 | Alternately, permissions may be set numerically where the first three | 115 | Alternately, permissions may be set numerically where the first three |
114 | numbers are calculated by adding the octal values: | 116 | numbers are calculated by adding the octal values: |
115 | 117 | ||
116 | 4 Read | 118 | 4 Read |
117 | 2 Write | 119 | 2 Write |
118 | 1 eXecute | 120 | 1 eXecute |
119 | 121 | ||
120 | An optional fourth digit may also be used to specify | 122 | An optional fourth digit may also be used to specify |
121 | 123 | ||
122 | 4 Set user ID | 124 | 4 Set user ID |
123 | 2 Set group ID | 125 | 2 Set group ID |
124 | 1 sTickey bit | 126 | 1 sTickey bit |
125 | 127 | ||
126 | Options: | 128 | Options: |
127 | 129 | ||
128 | -R change files and directories recursively. | 130 | -R change files and directories recursively. |
129 | 131 | ||
130 | Example: | 132 | Example: |
131 | 133 | ||
@@ -138,6 +140,8 @@ Example: | |||
138 | $ ls -l /tmp/foo | 140 | $ ls -l /tmp/foo |
139 | -r--r--r-- 1 root root 0 Apr 12 18:25 /tmp/foo | 141 | -r--r--r-- 1 root root 0 Apr 12 18:25 /tmp/foo |
140 | 142 | ||
143 | ------------------------------- | ||
144 | |||
141 | =item chown | 145 | =item chown |
142 | 146 | ||
143 | Usage: chown [OPTION]... OWNER[.[GROUP] FILE... | 147 | Usage: chown [OPTION]... OWNER[.[GROUP] FILE... |
@@ -146,7 +150,7 @@ Changes the owner and/or group of each FILE to OWNER and/or GROUP. | |||
146 | 150 | ||
147 | Options: | 151 | Options: |
148 | 152 | ||
149 | -R change files and directories recursively | 153 | -R change files and directories recursively |
150 | 154 | ||
151 | Example: | 155 | Example: |
152 | 156 | ||
@@ -159,6 +163,8 @@ Example: | |||
159 | ls -l /tmp/foo | 163 | ls -l /tmp/foo |
160 | -r--r--r-- 1 root root 0 Apr 12 18:25 /tmp/foo | 164 | -r--r--r-- 1 root root 0 Apr 12 18:25 /tmp/foo |
161 | 165 | ||
166 | ------------------------------- | ||
167 | |||
162 | =item chgrp | 168 | =item chgrp |
163 | 169 | ||
164 | Usage: chgrp [OPTION]... GROUP FILE... | 170 | Usage: chgrp [OPTION]... GROUP FILE... |
@@ -167,7 +173,7 @@ Change the group membership of each FILE to GROUP. | |||
167 | 173 | ||
168 | Options: | 174 | Options: |
169 | 175 | ||
170 | -R change files and directories recursively | 176 | -R change files and directories recursively |
171 | 177 | ||
172 | Example: | 178 | Example: |
173 | 179 | ||
@@ -177,31 +183,38 @@ Example: | |||
177 | $ ls -l /tmp/foo | 183 | $ ls -l /tmp/foo |
178 | -r--r--r-- 1 andersen root 0 Apr 12 18:25 /tmp/foo | 184 | -r--r--r-- 1 andersen root 0 Apr 12 18:25 /tmp/foo |
179 | 185 | ||
186 | ------------------------------- | ||
187 | |||
180 | =item chroot | 188 | =item chroot |
181 | 189 | ||
182 | Usage: chroot NEWROOT [COMMAND...] | 190 | Usage: chroot NEWROOT [COMMAND...] |
183 | 191 | ||
184 | Run COMMAND with root directory set to NEWROOT. | 192 | Run COMMAND with root directory set to NEWROOT. |
185 | 193 | ||
186 | Exmaple: | 194 | Example: |
187 | 195 | ||
188 | $ ls -l /bin/ls | 196 | $ ls -l /bin/ls |
189 | lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 Apr 13 00:46 /bin/ls -> /bin/busybox | 197 | lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 Apr 13 00:46 /bin/ls -> /busybox |
190 | $ mount /dev/hdc1 /mnt -t minix | 198 | $ mount /dev/hdc1 /mnt -t minix |
191 | $ chroot /mnt | 199 | $ chroot /mnt |
192 | $ ls -l /bin/ls | 200 | $ ls -l /bin/ls |
193 | -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 40816 Feb 5 07:45 /bin/ls* | 201 | -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 40816 Feb 5 07:45 /bin/ls* |
194 | 202 | ||
203 | ------------------------------- | ||
204 | |||
195 | =item clear | 205 | =item clear |
196 | 206 | ||
197 | Clears the screen. | 207 | Clears the screen. |
198 | 208 | ||
209 | ------------------------------- | ||
210 | |||
199 | =item chvt | 211 | =item chvt |
200 | 212 | ||
201 | Usage: chvt N | 213 | Usage: chvt N |
202 | 214 | ||
203 | Change foreground virtual terminal to /dev/ttyN | 215 | Change foreground virtual terminal to /dev/ttyN |
204 | 216 | ||
217 | ------------------------------- | ||
205 | 218 | ||
206 | =item cp | 219 | =item cp |
207 | 220 | ||
@@ -216,6 +229,8 @@ Copy SOURCE to DEST, or multiple SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY. | |||
216 | -p preserve file attributes if possable | 229 | -p preserve file attributes if possable |
217 | -R copy directories recursively | 230 | -R copy directories recursively |
218 | 231 | ||
232 | ------------------------------- | ||
233 | |||
219 | =item date | 234 | =item date |
220 | 235 | ||
221 | Usage: date [OPTION]... [+FORMAT] | 236 | Usage: date [OPTION]... [+FORMAT] |
@@ -226,44 +241,47 @@ Display the current time in the given FORMAT, or set the system date. | |||
226 | 241 | ||
227 | Options: | 242 | Options: |
228 | 243 | ||
229 | -R output RFC-822 compliant date string | 244 | -R output RFC-822 compliant date string |
230 | -s set time described by STRING | 245 | -s set time described by STRING |
231 | -u print or set Coordinated Universal Time | 246 | -u print or set Coordinated Universal Time |
232 | 247 | ||
233 | Example: | 248 | Example: |
234 | 249 | ||
235 | $ date | 250 | $ date |
236 | Wed Apr 12 18:52:41 MDT 2000 | 251 | Wed Apr 12 18:52:41 MDT 2000 |
237 | 252 | ||
253 | ------------------------------- | ||
254 | |||
238 | =item dd | 255 | =item dd |
239 | 256 | ||
240 | Usage: dd [if=name] [of=name] [bs=n] [count=n] [skip=n] [seek=n] | 257 | Usage: dd [if=name] [of=name] [bs=n] [count=n] [skip=n] [seek=n] |
241 | 258 | ||
242 | Copy a file, converting and formatting according to options | 259 | Copy a file, converting and formatting according to options |
243 | 260 | ||
244 | if=FILE read from FILE instead of stdin | 261 | if=FILE read from FILE instead of stdin |
245 | of=FILE write to FILE instead of stdout | 262 | of=FILE write to FILE instead of stdout |
246 | bs=n read and write n bytes at a time | 263 | bs=n read and write n bytes at a time |
247 | count=n copy only n input blocks | 264 | count=n copy only n input blocks |
248 | skip=n skip n input blocks | 265 | skip=n skip n input blocks |
249 | seek=n skip n output blocks | 266 | seek=n skip n output blocks |
250 | 267 | ||
251 | Numbers may be suffixed by w (x2), k (x1024), b (x512), or M (x1024^2) | 268 | Numbers may be suffixed by w (x2), k (x1024), b (x512), or M (x1024^2) |
252 | 269 | ||
253 | |||
254 | Example: | 270 | Example: |
255 | 271 | ||
256 | $ dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/ram1 bs=1M count=4 | 272 | $ dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/ram1 bs=1M count=4 |
257 | 4+0 records in | 273 | 4+0 records in |
258 | 4+0 records out | 274 | 4+0 records out |
259 | 275 | ||
276 | ------------------------------- | ||
277 | |||
260 | =item df | 278 | =item df |
261 | 279 | ||
262 | Usage: df [filesystem ...] | 280 | Usage: df [filesystem ...] |
263 | 281 | ||
264 | Prints the filesystem space used and space available. | 282 | Prints the filesystem space used and space available. |
265 | 283 | ||
266 | Exmaple: | 284 | Example: |
267 | 285 | ||
268 | $ df | 286 | $ df |
269 | Filesystem 1k-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on | 287 | Filesystem 1k-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on |
@@ -273,12 +291,31 @@ Exmaple: | |||
273 | Filesystem 1k-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on | 291 | Filesystem 1k-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on |
274 | /dev/sda3 8690864 8553540 137324 98% / | 292 | /dev/sda3 8690864 8553540 137324 98% / |
275 | 293 | ||
294 | ------------------------------- | ||
295 | |||
296 | =item dirname | ||
297 | |||
298 | Usage: dirname NAME | ||
299 | |||
300 | Strip non-directory suffix from file name | ||
301 | |||
302 | Example: | ||
303 | |||
304 | $ dirname /tmp/foo | ||
305 | /tmp | ||
306 | $ dirname /tmp/foo/ | ||
307 | /tmp | ||
308 | |||
309 | ------------------------------- | ||
310 | |||
276 | =item dmesg | 311 | =item dmesg |
277 | 312 | ||
278 | Usage: dmesg [B<-c>] [B<-n> level] [B<-s> bufsize] | 313 | Usage: dmesg [B<-c>] [B<-n> level] [B<-s> bufsize] |
279 | 314 | ||
280 | Print or controls the kernel ring buffer. | 315 | Print or controls the kernel ring buffer. |
281 | 316 | ||
317 | ------------------------------- | ||
318 | |||
282 | =item du | 319 | =item du |
283 | 320 | ||
284 | Usage: du [OPTION]... [FILE]... | 321 | Usage: du [OPTION]... [FILE]... |
@@ -288,8 +325,8 @@ Disk space is printed in units of 1k (i.e. 1024 bytes). | |||
288 | 325 | ||
289 | Options: | 326 | Options: |
290 | 327 | ||
291 | -l count sizes many times if hard linked | 328 | -l count sizes many times if hard linked |
292 | -s display only a total for each argument | 329 | -s display only a total for each argument |
293 | 330 | ||
294 | Example: | 331 | Example: |
295 | 332 | ||
@@ -305,6 +342,56 @@ Example: | |||
305 | 104 ./docs | 342 | 104 ./docs |
306 | 2417 . | 343 | 2417 . |
307 | 344 | ||
345 | ------------------------------- | ||
346 | |||
347 | =item dutmp | ||
348 | |||
349 | Usage: dutmp [FILE] | ||
350 | |||
351 | Dump utmp file format (pipe delimited) from FILE | ||
352 | or stdin to stdout. | ||
353 | |||
354 | Example: | ||
355 | |||
356 | $ dutmp /var/run/utmp | ||
357 | 8|7||si|||0|0|0|955637625|760097|0 | ||
358 | 2|0|~|~~|reboot||0|0|0|955637625|782235|0 | ||
359 | 1|20020|~|~~|runlevel||0|0|0|955637625|800089|0 | ||
360 | 8|125||l4|||0|0|0|955637629|998367|0 | ||
361 | 6|245|tty1|1|LOGIN||0|0|0|955637630|998974|0 | ||
362 | 6|246|tty2|2|LOGIN||0|0|0|955637630|999498|0 | ||
363 | 7|336|pts/0|vt00andersen|andersen|:0.0|0|0|0|955637763|0|0 | ||
364 | |||
365 | ------------------------------- | ||
366 | |||
367 | =item echo | ||
368 | |||
369 | Usage: echo [-neE] [ARG ...] | ||
370 | |||
371 | Prints the specified ARGs to stdout | ||
372 | |||
373 | Options: | ||
374 | |||
375 | -n suppress trailing newline | ||
376 | -e interpret backslash-escaped characters (i.e. \t=tab etc) | ||
377 | -E disable interpretation of backslash-escaped characters | ||
378 | |||
379 | Example: | ||
380 | |||
381 | $ echo "Erik is cool" | ||
382 | Erik is cool | ||
383 | $ echo -e "Erik\nis\ncool" | ||
384 | Erik | ||
385 | is | ||
386 | cool | ||
387 | $ echo "Erik\nis\ncool" | ||
388 | Erik\nis\ncool | ||
389 | |||
390 | ------------------------------- | ||
391 | |||
392 | =item false | ||
393 | |||
394 | ------------------------------- | ||
308 | 395 | ||
309 | =item fbset | 396 | =item fbset |
310 | 397 | ||
@@ -314,19 +401,39 @@ Show and modify frame buffer device settings | |||
314 | 401 | ||
315 | Options: | 402 | Options: |
316 | 403 | ||
317 | -h | 404 | -h |
318 | -fb | 405 | -fb |
319 | -db | 406 | -db |
320 | -a | 407 | -a |
321 | -i | 408 | -i |
322 | -g | 409 | -g |
323 | -t | 410 | -t |
324 | -accel | 411 | -accel |
325 | -hsync | 412 | -hsync |
326 | -vsync | 413 | -vsync |
327 | -laced | 414 | -laced |
328 | -double | 415 | -double |
416 | |||
417 | Example: | ||
418 | |||
419 | $ fbset | ||
420 | mode "1024x768-76" | ||
421 | # D: 78.653 MHz, H: 59.949 kHz, V: 75.694 Hz | ||
422 | geometry 1024 768 1024 768 16 | ||
423 | timings 12714 128 32 16 4 128 4 | ||
424 | accel false | ||
425 | rgba 5/11,6/5,5/0,0/0 | ||
426 | endmode | ||
427 | |||
428 | ------------------------------- | ||
329 | 429 | ||
430 | =item fdflush | ||
431 | |||
432 | Usage: fdflush device | ||
433 | |||
434 | Force floppy disk drive to detect disk change | ||
435 | |||
436 | ------------------------------- | ||
330 | 437 | ||
331 | =item find | 438 | =item find |
332 | 439 | ||
@@ -337,18 +444,18 @@ the current directory; default EXPRESSION is '-print' | |||
337 | 444 | ||
338 | 445 | ||
339 | EXPRESSION may consist of: | 446 | EXPRESSION may consist of: |
340 | -follow | 447 | |
341 | Dereference symbolic links. | 448 | -follow Dereference symbolic links. |
342 | -name PATTERN | 449 | -name PATTERN File name (leading directories removed) matches PATTERN. |
343 | File name (with leading directories removed) matches PATTERN. | 450 | -print print the full file name followed by a newline to stdout. |
344 | |||
345 | print the full file name followed by a newline to stdout. | ||
346 | 451 | ||
347 | Example: | 452 | Example: |
348 | 453 | ||
349 | $ find / -name /etc/passwd | 454 | $ find / -name /etc/passwd |
350 | /etc/passwd | 455 | /etc/passwd |
351 | 456 | ||
457 | ------------------------------- | ||
458 | |||
352 | =item free | 459 | =item free |
353 | 460 | ||
354 | Usage: free | 461 | Usage: free |
@@ -363,6 +470,19 @@ Example: | |||
363 | Swap: 128516 8404 120112 | 470 | Swap: 128516 8404 120112 |
364 | Total: 386144 257128 129016 | 471 | Total: 386144 257128 129016 |
365 | 472 | ||
473 | ------------------------------- | ||
474 | |||
475 | =item freeramdisk | ||
476 | |||
477 | Usage: freeramdisk DEVICE | ||
478 | |||
479 | Free all memory used by the specified ramdisk. | ||
480 | |||
481 | Example: | ||
482 | |||
483 | $ freeramdisk /dev/ram2 | ||
484 | |||
485 | ------------------------------- | ||
366 | 486 | ||
367 | =item deallocvt | 487 | =item deallocvt |
368 | 488 | ||
@@ -370,6 +490,7 @@ Usage: deallocvt N | |||
370 | 490 | ||
371 | Deallocates unused virtual terminal /dev/ttyN | 491 | Deallocates unused virtual terminal /dev/ttyN |
372 | 492 | ||
493 | ------------------------------- | ||
373 | 494 | ||
374 | =item fsck.minix | 495 | =item fsck.minix |
375 | 496 | ||
@@ -379,14 +500,15 @@ Performs a consistency check for MINIX filesystems. | |||
379 | 500 | ||
380 | OPTIONS: | 501 | OPTIONS: |
381 | 502 | ||
382 | -l Lists all filenames | 503 | -l Lists all filenames |
383 | -r Perform interactive repairs | 504 | -r Perform interactive repairs |
384 | -a Perform automatic repairs | 505 | -a Perform automatic repairs |
385 | -v verbose | 506 | -v verbose |
386 | -s Outputs super-block information | 507 | -s Outputs super-block information |
387 | -m Activates MINIX-like "mode not cleared" warnings | 508 | -m Activates MINIX-like "mode not cleared" warnings |
388 | -f Force file system check. | 509 | -f Force file system check. |
389 | 510 | ||
511 | ------------------------------- | ||
390 | 512 | ||
391 | =item mkfs.minix | 513 | =item mkfs.minix |
392 | 514 | ||
@@ -396,12 +518,13 @@ Make a MINIX filesystem. | |||
396 | 518 | ||
397 | OPTIONS: | 519 | OPTIONS: |
398 | 520 | ||
399 | -c Check the device for bad blocks | 521 | -c Check the device for bad blocks |
400 | -n [14|30] Specify the maximum length of filenames | 522 | -n [14|30] Specify the maximum length of filenames |
401 | -i Specify the number of inodes for the filesystem | 523 | -i Specify the number of inodes for the filesystem |
402 | -l FILENAME Read the bad blocks list from FILENAME | 524 | -l FILENAME Read the bad blocks list from FILENAME |
403 | -v Make a Minix version 2 filesystem | 525 | -v Make a Minix version 2 filesystem |
404 | 526 | ||
527 | ------------------------------- | ||
405 | 528 | ||
406 | =item grep | 529 | =item grep |
407 | 530 | ||
@@ -411,14 +534,13 @@ Search for PATTERN in each FILE or standard input. | |||
411 | 534 | ||
412 | OPTIONS: | 535 | OPTIONS: |
413 | 536 | ||
414 | -h suppress the prefixing filename on output | 537 | -h suppress the prefixing filename on output |
415 | -i ignore case distinctions | 538 | -i ignore case distinctions |
416 | -n print line number with output lines | 539 | -n print line number with output lines |
417 | -q be quiet. Returns 0 if result was found, 1 otherwise | 540 | -q be quiet. Returns 0 if result was found, 1 otherwise |
418 | 541 | ||
419 | This version of grep matches full regular expresions. | 542 | This version of grep matches full regular expresions. |
420 | 543 | ||
421 | |||
422 | Example: | 544 | Example: |
423 | 545 | ||
424 | $ grep root /etc/passwd | 546 | $ grep root /etc/passwd |
@@ -426,6 +548,23 @@ Example: | |||
426 | $ grep ^[rR]oo. /etc/passwd | 548 | $ grep ^[rR]oo. /etc/passwd |
427 | root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash | 549 | root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash |
428 | 550 | ||
551 | ------------------------------- | ||
552 | |||
553 | =item gunzip | ||
554 | |||
555 | |||
556 | ------------------------------- | ||
557 | |||
558 | =item gzip | ||
559 | |||
560 | |||
561 | ------------------------------- | ||
562 | |||
563 | =item halt | ||
564 | |||
565 | |||
566 | ------------------------------- | ||
567 | |||
429 | =item head | 568 | =item head |
430 | 569 | ||
431 | Usage: head [OPTION] [FILE]... | 570 | Usage: head [OPTION] [FILE]... |
@@ -436,7 +575,7 @@ file name. With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input. | |||
436 | 575 | ||
437 | Options: | 576 | Options: |
438 | 577 | ||
439 | -n NUM Print first NUM lines instead of first 10 | 578 | -n NUM Print first NUM lines instead of first 10 |
440 | 579 | ||
441 | Example: | 580 | Example: |
442 | 581 | ||
@@ -444,6 +583,13 @@ Example: | |||
444 | root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash | 583 | root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash |
445 | daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/bin/sh | 584 | daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/bin/sh |
446 | 585 | ||
586 | ------------------------------- | ||
587 | |||
588 | =item hostid | ||
589 | |||
590 | |||
591 | ------------------------------- | ||
592 | |||
447 | =item hostname | 593 | =item hostname |
448 | 594 | ||
449 | Usage: hostname [OPTION] {hostname | B<-F> file} | 595 | Usage: hostname [OPTION] {hostname | B<-F> file} |
@@ -453,16 +599,23 @@ Get or set the hostname or DNS domain name. If a hostname is given | |||
453 | 599 | ||
454 | Options: | 600 | Options: |
455 | 601 | ||
456 | -s Short | 602 | -s Short |
457 | -i Addresses for the hostname | 603 | -i Addresses for the hostname |
458 | -d DNS domain name | 604 | -d DNS domain name |
459 | -F FILE Use the contents of FILE to specify the hostname | 605 | -F FILE Use the contents of FILE to specify the hostname |
460 | 606 | ||
461 | Example: | 607 | Example: |
462 | 608 | ||
463 | $ hostname | 609 | $ hostname |
464 | slag | 610 | slag |
465 | 611 | ||
612 | ------------------------------- | ||
613 | |||
614 | =item init | ||
615 | |||
616 | |||
617 | ------------------------------- | ||
618 | |||
466 | =item kill | 619 | =item kill |
467 | 620 | ||
468 | Usage: kill [B<-signal>] process-id [process-id ...] | 621 | Usage: kill [B<-signal>] process-id [process-id ...] |
@@ -471,7 +624,7 @@ Send a signal (default is SIGTERM) to the specified process(es). | |||
471 | 624 | ||
472 | Options: | 625 | Options: |
473 | 626 | ||
474 | -l List all signal names and numbers. | 627 | -l List all signal names and numbers. |
475 | 628 | ||
476 | Example: | 629 | Example: |
477 | 630 | ||
@@ -484,6 +637,17 @@ Example: | |||
484 | 267 www-data www-data S [apache] | 637 | 267 www-data www-data S [apache] |
485 | $ kill 252 | 638 | $ kill 252 |
486 | 639 | ||
640 | ------------------------------- | ||
641 | |||
642 | =item killall | ||
643 | |||
644 | ------------------------------- | ||
645 | |||
646 | =item length | ||
647 | |||
648 | |||
649 | ------------------------------- | ||
650 | |||
487 | =item ln | 651 | =item ln |
488 | 652 | ||
489 | Usage: ln [OPTION] TARGET... LINK_NAME|DIRECTORY | 653 | Usage: ln [OPTION] TARGET... LINK_NAME|DIRECTORY |
@@ -491,332 +655,339 @@ Create a link named LINK_NAME or DIRECTORY to the specified TARGET | |||
491 | 655 | ||
492 | Options: | 656 | Options: |
493 | 657 | ||
494 | -s make symbolic links instead of hard links | 658 | -s make symbolic links instead of hard links |
495 | -f remove existing destination files | 659 | -f remove existing destination files |
496 | 660 | ||
661 | Example: | ||
662 | |||
663 | $ ln -s busybox /tmp/ls | ||
664 | [andersen@debian busybox]$ ls -l /tmp/ls | ||
665 | lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Apr 12 18:39 ls -> busybox* | ||
666 | |||
667 | ------------------------------- | ||
668 | |||
669 | =item loadacm | ||
670 | |||
671 | ------------------------------- | ||
672 | |||
673 | =item loadfont | ||
674 | |||
675 | ------------------------------- | ||
676 | |||
677 | =item loadkmap | ||
678 | |||
679 | ------------------------------- | ||
497 | 680 | ||
498 | =item ls | 681 | =item ls |
499 | 682 | ||
500 | Usage: ls [B<-1acdelnpuxACF>] [filenames...] | 683 | Usage: ls [B<-1acdelnpuxACF>] [filenames...] |
684 | |||
685 | Options: | ||
686 | |||
687 | -a do not hide entries starting with . | ||
688 | -c with -l: show ctime (the time of last | ||
689 | modification of file status information) | ||
690 | -d list directory entries instead of contents | ||
691 | -e list both full date and full time | ||
692 | -l use a long listing format | ||
693 | -n list numeric UIDs and GIDs instead of names | ||
694 | -p append indicator (one of /=@|) to entries | ||
695 | -u with -l: show access time (the time of last | ||
696 | access of the file) | ||
697 | -x list entries by lines instead of by columns | ||
698 | -A do not list implied . and .. | ||
699 | -C list entries by columns | ||
700 | -F append indicator (one of */=@|) to entries | ||
501 | 701 | ||
702 | ------------------------------- | ||
502 | 703 | ||
503 | =item lsmod | 704 | =item lsmod |
504 | 705 | ||
706 | Usage: lsmod | ||
707 | |||
708 | Shows information about all loaded modules. | ||
709 | |||
710 | ------------------------------- | ||
711 | |||
712 | =item makedevs | ||
505 | 713 | ||
714 | ------------------------------- | ||
715 | |||
716 | =item math | ||
717 | |||
718 | ------------------------------- | ||
506 | 719 | ||
507 | =item mkdir | 720 | =item mkdir |
508 | 721 | ||
509 | Usage: Usage: mkdir [OPTION] DIRECTORY... | 722 | Usage: mkdir [OPTION] DIRECTORY... |
723 | |||
510 | Create the DIRECTORY(ies), if they do not already exist | 724 | Create the DIRECTORY(ies), if they do not already exist |
511 | 725 | ||
512 | Options: | 726 | Options: |
513 | 727 | ||
514 | -m set permission mode (as in chmod), not rwxrwxrwx - umask | 728 | -m set permission mode (as in chmod), not rwxrwxrwx - umask |
515 | -p no error if existing, make parent directories as needed | 729 | -p no error if dir exists, make parent directories as needed |
516 | 730 | ||
731 | Example: | ||
732 | |||
733 | $ mkdir /tmp/foo | ||
734 | $ mkdir /tmp/foo | ||
735 | /tmp/foo: File exists | ||
736 | $ mkdir /tmp/foo/bar/baz | ||
737 | /tmp/foo/bar/baz: No such file or directory | ||
738 | $ mkdir -p /tmp/foo/bar/baz | ||
739 | |||
740 | ------------------------------- | ||
741 | |||
742 | =item mkfifo | ||
743 | |||
744 | ------------------------------- | ||
517 | 745 | ||
518 | =item mknod | 746 | =item mknod |
519 | 747 | ||
520 | Usage: mknod NAME TYPE MAJOR MINOR | 748 | Usage: mknod NAME TYPE MAJOR MINOR |
749 | |||
521 | Make block or character special files. | 750 | Make block or character special files. |
522 | 751 | ||
523 | TYPEs include: | 752 | TYPEs include: |
524 | 753 | ||
525 | b: Make a block (buffered) device. | 754 | b: Make a block (buffered) device. |
526 | c or u: Make a character (un-buffered) device. | 755 | c or u: Make a character (un-buffered) device. |
527 | p: Make a named pipe. Major and minor are ignored for named pipes. | 756 | p: Make a named pipe. Major and minor are ignored for named pipes. |
528 | 757 | ||
758 | Example: | ||
759 | |||
760 | $ mknod /dev/fd0 b 2 0 | ||
761 | |||
762 | ------------------------------- | ||
529 | 763 | ||
530 | =item mkswap | 764 | =item mkswap |
531 | 765 | ||
532 | Usage: mkswap [B<-c>] [-v0|-v1] device [block-count] | 766 | Usage: mkswap [B<-c>] [B<-v0>|B<-v1>] device [block-count] |
767 | |||
533 | Prepare a disk partition to be used as a swap partition. | 768 | Prepare a disk partition to be used as a swap partition. |
534 | 769 | ||
535 | Options: | 770 | Options: |
536 | 771 | ||
537 | -c Check for read-ability. | 772 | -c Check for read-ability. |
538 | -v0 Make version 0 swap [max 128 Megs]. | 773 | -v0 Make version 0 swap [max 128 Megs]. |
539 | -v1 Make version 1 swap [big!] (default for kernels > 2.1.117). | 774 | -v1 Make version 1 swap [big!] (default for kernels > 2.1.117). |
540 | block-count Number of block to use (default is entire partition). | 775 | block-count Number of block to use (default is entire partition). |
541 | 776 | ||
777 | ------------------------------- | ||
778 | |||
779 | =item mnc | ||
780 | |||
781 | ------------------------------- | ||
542 | 782 | ||
543 | =item more | 783 | =item more |
544 | 784 | ||
545 | Usage: more [file ...] | 785 | Usage: more [file ...] |
786 | |||
787 | More is a filter for paging through text one screenful at a time. | ||
788 | |||
789 | Example: | ||
790 | |||
791 | $ dmesg | more | ||
546 | 792 | ||
793 | ------------------------------- | ||
547 | 794 | ||
548 | =item mount | 795 | =item mount |
549 | 796 | ||
550 | Usage: mount [flags] | 797 | Usage: mount [flags] |
551 | 798 | mount [flags] device directory [B<-o> options,more-options] | |
552 | mount [flags] device directory [B<-o> options,more-options] | ||
553 | |||
554 | Flags: | ||
555 | -a: Mount all file systems in fstab. | ||
556 | -o option: One of many filesystem options, listed below. | ||
557 | -r: Mount the filesystem read-only. | ||
558 | -t filesystem-type: Specify the filesystem type. | ||
559 | -w: Mount for reading and writing (default). | ||
560 | Options for use with the "-o" flag: | ||
561 | async / sync: Writes are asynchronous / synchronous. | ||
562 | dev / nodev: Allow use of special device files / disallow them. | ||
563 | exec / noexec: Allow use of executable files / disallow them. | ||
564 | loop: Mounts a file via loop device. | ||
565 | suid / nosuid: Allow set-user-id-root programs / disallow them. | ||
566 | remount: Re-mount a currently-mounted filesystem, changing its flags. | ||
567 | ro / rw: Mount for read-only / read-write. | ||
568 | |||
569 | There are EVEN MORE flags that are specific to each filesystem. | ||
570 | You'll have to see the written documentation for those. | ||
571 | |||
572 | 799 | ||
573 | =item mv | 800 | Flags: |
574 | 801 | ||
575 | Usage: mv SOURCE DEST | 802 | -a: Mount all file systems in fstab. |
803 | -o option: One of many filesystem options, listed below. | ||
804 | -r: Mount the filesystem read-only. | ||
805 | -t filesystem-type: Specify the filesystem type. | ||
806 | -w: Mount for reading and writing (default). | ||
576 | 807 | ||
577 | or: mv SOURCE... DIRECTORY | 808 | Options for use with the "B<-o>" flag: |
578 | 809 | ||
579 | Rename SOURCE to DEST, or move SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY. | 810 | async / sync: Writes are asynchronous / synchronous. |
580 | 811 | dev / nodev: Allow use of special device files / disallow them. | |
812 | exec / noexec: Allow use of executable files / disallow them. | ||
813 | loop: Mounts a file via loop device. | ||
814 | suid / nosuid: Allow set-user-id-root programs / disallow them. | ||
815 | remount: Re-mount a currently-mounted filesystem, changing its flags. | ||
816 | ro / rw: Mount for read-only / read-write. | ||
817 | There are EVEN MORE flags that are specific to each filesystem. | ||
818 | You'll have to see the written documentation for those. | ||
581 | 819 | ||
582 | =item ping | 820 | Example: |
583 | 821 | ||
822 | $ mount | ||
823 | /dev/hda3 on / type minix (rw) | ||
824 | proc on /proc type proc (rw) | ||
825 | devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw) | ||
826 | $ mount /dev/fd0 /mnt -t msdos -o ro | ||
827 | $ mount /tmp/diskimage /opt -t ext2 -o loop | ||
828 | |||
829 | ------------------------------- | ||
584 | 830 | ||
831 | =item mt | ||
585 | 832 | ||
586 | =item poweroff | 833 | ------------------------------- |
587 | 834 | ||
835 | =item mv | ||
588 | 836 | ||
837 | Usage: mv SOURCE DEST | ||
589 | 838 | ||
590 | =item ps | 839 | or: mv SOURCE... DIRECTORY |
840 | |||
841 | Rename SOURCE to DEST, or move SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY. | ||
591 | 842 | ||
592 | Usage: ps | 843 | Example: |
593 | 844 | ||
594 | Report process status. | 845 | $ mv /tmp/foo /bin/bar |
595 | This version of ps accepts no options. | ||
596 | 846 | ||
847 | ------------------------------- | ||
597 | 848 | ||
598 | =item pwd | 849 | =item nslookup |
599 | 850 | ||
851 | ------------------------------- | ||
600 | 852 | ||
853 | =item poweroff | ||
601 | 854 | ||
602 | =item reboot | 855 | ------------------------------- |
603 | 856 | ||
857 | =item ping | ||
604 | 858 | ||
859 | Usage: ping [OPTION]... host | ||
605 | 860 | ||
606 | =item rm | 861 | Send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts. |
607 | 862 | ||
608 | Usage: rm [OPTION]... FILE... | ||
609 | Remove (unlink) the FILE(s). | ||
610 | |||
611 | Options: | 863 | Options: |
612 | 864 | ||
613 | -f remove existing destinations, never prompt | 865 | -c COUNT Send only COUNT pings. |
614 | -r or -R remove the contents of directories recursively | 866 | -q Quiet mode, only displays output at start |
615 | 867 | and when finished. | |
868 | Example: | ||
616 | 869 | ||
617 | =item rmdir | 870 | $ ping localhost |
871 | PING slag (127.0.0.1): 56 data bytes | ||
872 | 64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=0 ttl=255 time=20.1 ms | ||
618 | 873 | ||
619 | Usage: rmdir [OPTION]... DIRECTORY... | 874 | --- debian ping statistics --- |
620 | Remove the DIRECTORY(ies), if they are empty. | 875 | 1 packets transmitted, 1 packets received, 0% packet loss |
621 | 876 | round-trip min/avg/max = 20.1/20.1/20.1 ms | |
622 | 877 | ||
623 | =item sed | 878 | ------------------------------- |
624 | 879 | ||
625 | Usage: sed [B<-n>] B<-e> script [file...] | 880 | =item printf |
626 | Allowed sed scripts come in the following form: | ||
627 | 881 | ||
628 | 'ADDR [!] COMMAND' | 882 | ------------------------------- |
629 | where address ADDR can be: | ||
630 | NUMBER Match specified line number | ||
631 | $ Match last line | ||
632 | /REGEXP/ Match specified regexp | ||
633 | (! inverts the meaning of the match) | ||
634 | and COMMAND can be: | ||
635 | s/regexp/replacement/[igp] | ||
636 | which attempt to match regexp against the pattern space | ||
637 | and if successful replaces the matched portion with replacement. | ||
638 | aTEXT | ||
639 | which appends TEXT after the pattern space | ||
640 | 883 | ||
641 | Options: | 884 | =item ps |
642 | 885 | ||
643 | -e add the script to the commands to be executed | 886 | ------------------------------- |
644 | -n suppress automatic printing of pattern space | ||
645 | 887 | ||
646 | This version of sed matches full regular expresions. | 888 | =item pwd |
647 | |||
648 | |||
649 | =item sleep | ||
650 | 889 | ||
651 | Usage: sleep N | 890 | ------------------------------- |
652 | 891 | ||
653 | Pause for N seconds. | 892 | =item reboot |
654 | |||
655 | 893 | ||
656 | =item sort | 894 | ------------------------------- |
657 | 895 | ||
658 | Usage: Usage: sort [OPTION]... [FILE]... | 896 | =item rm |
659 | |||
660 | 897 | ||
661 | =item sync | 898 | ------------------------------- |
662 | 899 | ||
663 | Usage: sync | 900 | =item syslogd |
664 | 901 | ||
665 | Write all buffered filesystem blocks to disk. | 902 | ------------------------------- |
666 | |||
667 | 903 | ||
668 | =item syslogd | 904 | =item logger |
669 | 905 | ||
670 | Usage: syslogd [OPTION]... | 906 | ------------------------------- |
671 | 907 | ||
672 | Linux system and kernel (provides klogd) logging utility. | 908 | =item logname |
673 | Note that this version of syslogd/klogd ignores /etc/syslog.conf. | ||
674 | |||
675 | Options: | ||
676 | 909 | ||
677 | -m Change the mark timestamp interval. default=20min. 0=off | 910 | ------------------------------- |
678 | -n Do not fork into the background (for when run by init) | ||
679 | -K Do not start up the klogd process (by default syslogd spawns klogd). | ||
680 | -O Specify an alternate log file. default=/var/log/messages | ||
681 | |||
682 | 911 | ||
683 | =item swapon | 912 | =item swapon |
684 | 913 | ||
685 | Usage: swapon device | 914 | ------------------------------- |
686 | |||
687 | Start swapping virtual memory pages on the given device. | ||
688 | |||
689 | 915 | ||
690 | =item swapoff | 916 | =item swapoff |
691 | 917 | ||
692 | Usage: swapoff device | 918 | ------------------------------- |
693 | |||
694 | Stop swapping virtual memory pages on the given device. | ||
695 | |||
696 | 919 | ||
697 | =item tail | 920 | =item tail |
698 | 921 | ||
699 | Usage: tail [OPTION]... [FILE]... | 922 | ------------------------------- |
700 | |||
701 | Print last 10 lines of each FILE to standard output. | ||
702 | With more than one FILE, precede each with a header giving the file name. | ||
703 | With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input. | ||
704 | |||
705 | -c=N[kbm] output the last N bytes | ||
706 | -f output appended data as the file grows | ||
707 | -n=N output the last N lines, instead of last 10 | ||
708 | -q never output headers giving file names | ||
709 | -v always output headers giving file names | ||
710 | --help display this help and exit | ||
711 | |||
712 | If the first character of N (bytes or lines) is a `+', output begins with | ||
713 | the Nth item from the start of each file, otherwise, print the last N items | ||
714 | in the file. N bytes may be suffixed by k (x1024), b (x512), or m (1024^2). | ||
715 | |||
716 | 923 | ||
717 | =item tar | 924 | =item tar |
718 | 925 | ||
926 | ------------------------------- | ||
719 | 927 | ||
928 | =item test, [ | ||
929 | |||
930 | ------------------------------- | ||
720 | 931 | ||
721 | =item tee | 932 | =item tee |
722 | 933 | ||
723 | Usage: tee [OPTION]... [FILE]... | 934 | ------------------------------- |
724 | Copy standard input to each FILE, and also to standard output. | ||
725 | |||
726 | Options: | ||
727 | |||
728 | -a append to the given FILEs, do not overwrite | ||
729 | |||
730 | 935 | ||
731 | =item touch | 936 | =item touch |
732 | 937 | ||
733 | Usage: touch [B<-c>] file [file ...] | 938 | ------------------------------- |
734 | Update the last-modified date on the given file[s]. | ||
735 | |||
736 | |||
737 | =item true | ||
738 | 939 | ||
940 | =item tr | ||
739 | 941 | ||
942 | ------------------------------- | ||
740 | 943 | ||
741 | =item false | 944 | =item true |
742 | 945 | ||
946 | ------------------------------- | ||
743 | 947 | ||
948 | =item tty | ||
744 | 949 | ||
745 | =item uname | 950 | ------------------------------- |
746 | 951 | ||
747 | Usage: uname [OPTION]... | 952 | =item umount |
748 | |||
749 | Print certain system information. With no OPTION, same as B<-s>. | ||
750 | |||
751 | Options: | ||
752 | 953 | ||
753 | -a print all information | 954 | ------------------------------- |
754 | -m the machine (hardware) type | ||
755 | -n print the machine's network node hostname | ||
756 | -r print the operating system release | ||
757 | -s print the operating system name | ||
758 | -p print the host processor type | ||
759 | -v print the operating system version | ||
760 | |||
761 | 955 | ||
762 | =item umount | 956 | =item uname |
763 | 957 | ||
764 | Usage: Usage: umount [flags] filesystem|directory | 958 | ------------------------------- |
765 | 959 | ||
766 | Flags: | 960 | =item uptime |
767 | 961 | ||
768 | -a: Unmount all file systems | 962 | ------------------------------- |
769 | |||
770 | 963 | ||
771 | =item uniq | 964 | =item uniq |
772 | 965 | ||
773 | Usage: Usage: uniq [OPTION]... [INPUT [OUTPUT]] | 966 | ------------------------------- |
774 | 967 | ||
775 | Discard all but one of successive identical lines from INPUT (or | 968 | =item update |
776 | standard input), writing to OUTPUT (or standard output). | ||
777 | 969 | ||
778 | -h display this help and exit | 970 | ------------------------------- |
779 | 971 | ||
780 | A field is a run of whitespace, then non-whitespace characters. | 972 | =item usleep |
781 | Fields are skipped before chars. | ||
782 | |||
783 | 973 | ||
784 | =item zcat | 974 | ------------------------------- |
785 | 975 | ||
786 | Usage: gunzip [OPTION]... FILE | 976 | =item wc |
787 | 977 | ||
788 | Uncompress FILE (or standard input if FILE is '-'). | 978 | ------------------------------- |
789 | |||
790 | Options: | ||
791 | 979 | ||
792 | -c Write output to standard output | 980 | =item whoami |
793 | -t Test compressed file integrity | ||
794 | |||
795 | 981 | ||
796 | =item gunzip | 982 | ------------------------------- |
797 | 983 | ||
798 | Usage: gunzip [OPTION]... FILE | 984 | =item yes |
799 | 985 | ||
800 | Uncompress FILE (or standard input if FILE is '-'). | 986 | ------------------------------- |
801 | |||
802 | Options: | ||
803 | 987 | ||
804 | -c Write output to standard output | 988 | =item zcat |
805 | -t Test compressed file integrity | ||
806 | |||
807 | |||
808 | =item gzip | ||
809 | |||
810 | Usage: gzip [OPTION]... FILE | ||
811 | |||
812 | Compress FILE with maximum compression. | ||
813 | When FILE is -, reads standard input. Implies B<-c>. | ||
814 | |||
815 | Options: | ||
816 | |||
817 | -c Write output to standard output instead of FILE.gz | ||
818 | |||
819 | 989 | ||
990 | ------------------------------- | ||
820 | 991 | ||
821 | =back | 992 | =back |
822 | 993 | ||
@@ -869,5 +1040,9 @@ Enrique Zanardi <ezanardi@ull.es> | |||
869 | 1040 | ||
870 | =for html <br> | 1041 | =for html <br> |
871 | 1042 | ||
1043 | Karl M. Hegbloom <karlheg@debian.org> | ||
1044 | |||
1045 | =for html <br> | ||
1046 | |||
872 | =cut | 1047 | =cut |
873 | 1048 | ||