12 files changed, 529 insertions, 274 deletions

diff --git a/lapi.c b/lapi.c
index 332e97d1..76c9d31b 100644
--- a/lapi.c
+++ b/lapi.c
@@ -637,50 +637,44 @@ LUA_API int lua_pushthread (lua_State *L) {
 
 
 l_sinline int auxgetstr (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, const char *k) {
-  const TValue *slot;
+  int hres;
   TString *str = luaS_new(L, k);
-  if (luaV_fastget(L, t, str, slot, luaH_getstr)) {
-    setobj2s(L, L->top.p, slot);
+  luaV_fastget(t, str, s2v(L->top.p), luaH_getstr, hres);
+  if (hres == HOK) {
     api_incr_top(L);
   }
   else {
     setsvalue2s(L, L->top.p, str);
     api_incr_top(L);
-    luaV_finishget(L, t, s2v(L->top.p - 1), L->top.p - 1, slot);
+    luaV_finishget(L, t, s2v(L->top.p - 1), L->top.p - 1, hres);
   }
   lua_unlock(L);
   return ttype(s2v(L->top.p - 1));
 }
 
 
-/*
-** Get the global table in the registry. Since all predefined
-** indices in the registry were inserted right when the registry
-** was created and never removed, they must always be in the array
-** part of the registry.
-*/
-#define getGtable(L)  \
-        (&hvalue(&G(L)->l_registry)->array[LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS - 1])
+static void getGlobalTable (lua_State *L, TValue *gt) {
+  Table *registry = hvalue(&G(L)->l_registry);
+  luaH_getint(registry, LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS, gt);
+}
 
 
 LUA_API int lua_getglobal (lua_State *L, const char *name) {
-  const TValue *G;
+  TValue gt;
   lua_lock(L);
-  G = getGtable(L);
-  return auxgetstr(L, G, name);
+  getGlobalTable(L, &gt);
+  return auxgetstr(L, &gt, name);
 }
 
 
 LUA_API int lua_gettable (lua_State *L, int idx) {
-  const TValue *slot;
+  int hres;
   TValue *t;
   lua_lock(L);
   t = index2value(L, idx);
-  if (luaV_fastget(L, t, s2v(L->top.p - 1), slot, luaH_get)) {
-    setobj2s(L, L->top.p - 1, slot);
-  }
-  else
-    luaV_finishget(L, t, s2v(L->top.p - 1), L->top.p - 1, slot);
+  luaV_fastget(t, s2v(L->top.p - 1), s2v(L->top.p - 1), luaH_get, hres);
+  if (hres != HOK)
+    luaV_finishget(L, t, s2v(L->top.p - 1), L->top.p - 1, hres);
   lua_unlock(L);
   return ttype(s2v(L->top.p - 1));
 }
@@ -694,16 +688,14 @@ LUA_API int lua_getfield (lua_State *L, int idx, const char *k) {
 
 LUA_API int lua_geti (lua_State *L, int idx, lua_Integer n) {
   TValue *t;
-  const TValue *slot;
+  int hres;
   lua_lock(L);
   t = index2value(L, idx);
-  if (luaV_fastgeti(L, t, n, slot)) {
-    setobj2s(L, L->top.p, slot);
-  }
-  else {
-    TValue aux;
-    setivalue(&aux, n);
-    luaV_finishget(L, t, &aux, L->top.p, slot);
+  luaV_fastgeti(t, n, s2v(L->top.p), hres);
+  if (hres != HOK) {
+    TValue key;
+    setivalue(&key, n);
+    luaV_finishget(L, t, &key, L->top.p, hres);
   }
   api_incr_top(L);
   lua_unlock(L);
@@ -711,11 +703,9 @@ LUA_API int lua_geti (lua_State *L, int idx, lua_Integer n) {
 }
 
 
-l_sinline int finishrawget (lua_State *L, const TValue *val) {
-  if (isempty(val))  /* avoid copying empty items to the stack */
+l_sinline int finishrawget (lua_State *L, int hres) {
+  if (hres != HOK)  /* avoid copying empty items to the stack */
     setnilvalue(s2v(L->top.p));
-  else
-    setobj2s(L, L->top.p, val);
   api_incr_top(L);
   lua_unlock(L);
   return ttype(s2v(L->top.p - 1));
@@ -731,13 +721,13 @@ static Table *gettable (lua_State *L, int idx) {
 
 LUA_API int lua_rawget (lua_State *L, int idx) {
   Table *t;
-  const TValue *val;
+  int hres;
   lua_lock(L);
   api_checknelems(L, 1);
   t = gettable(L, idx);
-  val = luaH_get(t, s2v(L->top.p - 1));
+  hres = luaH_get(t, s2v(L->top.p - 1), s2v(L->top.p - 1));
   L->top.p--;  /* remove key */
-  return finishrawget(L, val);
+  return finishrawget(L, hres);
 }
 
 
@@ -745,7 +735,7 @@ LUA_API int lua_rawgeti (lua_State *L, int idx, lua_Integer n) {
   Table *t;
   lua_lock(L);
   t = gettable(L, idx);
-  return finishrawget(L, luaH_getint(t, n));
+  return finishrawget(L, luaH_getint(t, n, s2v(L->top.p)));
 }
 
 
@@ -755,7 +745,7 @@ LUA_API int lua_rawgetp (lua_State *L, int idx, const void *p) {
   lua_lock(L);
   t = gettable(L, idx);
   setpvalue(&k, cast_voidp(p));
-  return finishrawget(L, luaH_get(t, &k));
+  return finishrawget(L, luaH_get(t, &k, s2v(L->top.p)));
 }
 
 
@@ -827,17 +817,18 @@ LUA_API int lua_getiuservalue (lua_State *L, int idx, int n) {
 ** t[k] = value at the top of the stack (where 'k' is a string)
 */
 static void auxsetstr (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, const char *k) {
-  const TValue *slot;
+  int hres;
   TString *str = luaS_new(L, k);
   api_checknelems(L, 1);
-  if (luaV_fastget(L, t, str, slot, luaH_getstr)) {
-    luaV_finishfastset(L, t, slot, s2v(L->top.p - 1));
+  luaV_fastset(t, str, s2v(L->top.p - 1), hres, luaH_psetstr);
+  if (hres == HOK) {
+    luaV_finishfastset(L, t, s2v(L->top.p - 1));
     L->top.p--;  /* pop value */
   }
   else {
     setsvalue2s(L, L->top.p, str);  /* push 'str' (to make it a TValue) */
     api_incr_top(L);
-    luaV_finishset(L, t, s2v(L->top.p - 1), s2v(L->top.p - 2), slot);
+    luaV_finishset(L, t, s2v(L->top.p - 1), s2v(L->top.p - 2), hres);
     L->top.p -= 2;  /* pop value and key */
   }
   lua_unlock(L);  /* lock done by caller */
@@ -845,24 +836,25 @@ static void auxsetstr (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, const char *k) {
 
 
 LUA_API void lua_setglobal (lua_State *L, const char *name) {
-  const TValue *G;
+  TValue gt;
   lua_lock(L);  /* unlock done in 'auxsetstr' */
-  G = getGtable(L);
-  auxsetstr(L, G, name);
+  getGlobalTable(L, &gt);
+  auxsetstr(L, &gt, name);
 }
 
 
 LUA_API void lua_settable (lua_State *L, int idx) {
   TValue *t;
-  const TValue *slot;
+  int hres;
   lua_lock(L);
   api_checknelems(L, 2);
   t = index2value(L, idx);
-  if (luaV_fastget(L, t, s2v(L->top.p - 2), slot, luaH_get)) {
-    luaV_finishfastset(L, t, slot, s2v(L->top.p - 1));
+  luaV_fastset(t, s2v(L->top.p - 2), s2v(L->top.p - 1), hres, luaH_pset);
+  if (hres == HOK) {
+    luaV_finishfastset(L, t, s2v(L->top.p - 1));
   }
   else
-    luaV_finishset(L, t, s2v(L->top.p - 2), s2v(L->top.p - 1), slot);
+    luaV_finishset(L, t, s2v(L->top.p - 2), s2v(L->top.p - 1), hres);
   L->top.p -= 2;  /* pop index and value */
   lua_unlock(L);
 }
@@ -876,17 +868,18 @@ LUA_API void lua_setfield (lua_State *L, int idx, const char *k) {
 
 LUA_API void lua_seti (lua_State *L, int idx, lua_Integer n) {
   TValue *t;
-  const TValue *slot;
+  int hres;
   lua_lock(L);
   api_checknelems(L, 1);
   t = index2value(L, idx);
-  if (luaV_fastgeti(L, t, n, slot)) {
-    luaV_finishfastset(L, t, slot, s2v(L->top.p - 1));
+  luaV_fastseti(t, n, s2v(L->top.p - 1), hres);
+  if (hres == HOK) {
+    luaV_finishfastset(L, t, s2v(L->top.p - 1));
   }
   else {
-    TValue aux;
-    setivalue(&aux, n);
-    luaV_finishset(L, t, &aux, s2v(L->top.p - 1), slot);
+    TValue temp;
+    setivalue(&temp, n);
+    luaV_finishset(L, t, &temp, s2v(L->top.p - 1), hres);
   }
   L->top.p--;  /* pop value */
   lua_unlock(L);
@@ -1096,10 +1089,11 @@ LUA_API int lua_load (lua_State *L, lua_Reader reader, void *data,
     LClosure *f = clLvalue(s2v(L->top.p - 1));  /* get new function */
     if (f->nupvalues >= 1) {  /* does it have an upvalue? */
       /* get global table from registry */
-      const TValue *gt = getGtable(L);
+      TValue gt;
+      getGlobalTable(L, &gt);
       /* set global table as 1st upvalue of 'f' (may be LUA_ENV) */
-      setobj(L, f->upvals[0]->v.p, gt);
-      luaC_barrier(L, f->upvals[0], gt);
+      setobj(L, f->upvals[0]->v.p, &gt);
+      luaC_barrier(L, f->upvals[0], &gt);
     }
   }
   lua_unlock(L);
diff --git a/lcode.c b/lcode.c
index caac6ba3..29db5002 100644
--- a/lcode.c
+++ b/lcode.c
@@ -544,10 +544,10 @@ static int addk (FuncState *fs, TValue *key, TValue *v) {
   TValue val;
   lua_State *L = fs->ls->L;
   Proto *f = fs->f;
-  const TValue *idx = luaH_get(fs->ls->h, key);  /* query scanner table */
+  int aux = luaH_get(fs->ls->h, key, &val);  /* query scanner table */
   int k, oldsize;
-  if (ttisinteger(idx)) {  /* is there an index there? */
-    k = cast_int(ivalue(idx));
+  if (aux == HOK && ttisinteger(&val)) {  /* is there an index there? */
+    k = cast_int(ivalue(&val));
     /* correct value? (warning: must distinguish floats from integers!) */
     if (k < fs->nk && ttypetag(&f->k[k]) == ttypetag(v) &&
                       luaV_rawequalobj(&f->k[k], v))
@@ -559,7 +559,7 @@ static int addk (FuncState *fs, TValue *key, TValue *v) {
   /* numerical value does not need GC barrier;
      table has no metatable, so it does not need to invalidate cache */
   setivalue(&val, k);
-  luaH_finishset(L, fs->ls->h, key, idx, &val);
+  luaH_set(L, fs->ls->h, key, &val);
   luaM_growvector(L, f->k, k, f->sizek, TValue, MAXARG_Ax, "constants");
   while (oldsize < f->sizek) setnilvalue(&f->k[oldsize++]);
   setobj(L, &f->k[k], v);
diff --git a/lgc.c b/lgc.c
index 253a2892..f291cd17 100644
--- a/lgc.c
+++ b/lgc.c
@@ -91,6 +91,13 @@
 #define gcvalueN(o)     (iscollectable(o) ? gcvalue(o) : NULL)
 
 
+/*
+** Access to collectable objects in array part of tables
+*/
+#define gcvalarr(t,i)  \
+        ((*getArrTag(t,i) & BIT_ISCOLLECTABLE) ? getArrVal(t,i)->gc : NULL)
+
+
 #define markvalue(g,o) { checkliveness(g->mainthread,o); \
   if (valiswhite(o)) reallymarkobject(g,gcvalue(o)); }
 
@@ -486,9 +493,10 @@ static int traverseephemeron (global_State *g, Table *h, int inv) {
   unsigned int nsize = sizenode(h);
   /* traverse array part */
   for (i = 0; i < asize; i++) {
-    if (valiswhite(&h->array[i])) {
+    GCObject *o = gcvalarr(h, i);
+    if (o != NULL && iswhite(o)) {
       marked = 1;
-      reallymarkobject(g, gcvalue(&h->array[i]));
+      reallymarkobject(g, o);
     }
   }
   /* traverse hash part; if 'inv', traverse descending
@@ -524,8 +532,11 @@ static void traversestrongtable (global_State *g, Table *h) {
   Node *n, *limit = gnodelast(h);
   unsigned int i;
   unsigned int asize = luaH_realasize(h);
-  for (i = 0; i < asize; i++)  /* traverse array part */
-    markvalue(g, &h->array[i]);
+  for (i = 0; i < asize; i++) {  /* traverse array part */
+    GCObject *o = gcvalarr(h, i);
+    if (o != NULL && iswhite(o))
+      reallymarkobject(g, o);
+  }
   for (n = gnode(h, 0); n < limit; n++) {  /* traverse hash part */
     if (isempty(gval(n)))  /* entry is empty? */
       clearkey(n);  /* clear its key */
@@ -748,9 +759,9 @@ static void clearbyvalues (global_State *g, GCObject *l, GCObject *f) {
     unsigned int i;
     unsigned int asize = luaH_realasize(h);
     for (i = 0; i < asize; i++) {
-      TValue *o = &h->array[i];
-      if (iscleared(g, gcvalueN(o)))  /* value was collected? */
-        setempty(o);  /* remove entry */
+      GCObject *o = gcvalarr(h, i);
+      if (iscleared(g, o))  /* value was collected? */
+        *getArrTag(h, i) = LUA_VEMPTY;  /* remove entry */
     }
     for (n = gnode(h, 0); n < limit; n++) {
       if (iscleared(g, gcvalueN(gval(n))))  /* unmarked value? */
diff --git a/llex.c b/llex.c
index 5fc39a5c..9f20d3c8 100644
--- a/llex.c
+++ b/llex.c
@@ -134,13 +134,13 @@ l_noret luaX_syntaxerror (LexState *ls, const char *msg) {
 TString *luaX_newstring (LexState *ls, const char *str, size_t l) {
   lua_State *L = ls->L;
   TString *ts = luaS_newlstr(L, str, l);  /* create new string */
-  const TValue *o = luaH_getstr(ls->h, ts);
-  if (!ttisnil(o))  /* string already present? */
-    ts = keystrval(nodefromval(o));  /* get saved copy */
-  else {  /* not in use yet */
+  TString *oldts = luaH_getstrkey(ls->h, ts);
+  if (oldts != NULL)  /* string already present? */
+    return oldts;  /* use it */
+  else {  /* create a new entry */
     TValue *stv = s2v(L->top.p++);  /* reserve stack space for string */
     setsvalue(L, stv, ts);  /* temporarily anchor the string */
-    luaH_finishset(L, ls->h, stv, o, stv);  /* t[string] = string */
+    luaH_set(L, ls->h, stv, stv);  /* t[string] = string */
     /* table is not a metatable, so it does not need to invalidate cache */
     luaC_checkGC(L);
     L->top.p--;  /* remove string from stack */
diff --git a/lobject.h b/lobject.h
index 980e42f8..342197c4 100644
--- a/lobject.h
+++ b/lobject.h
@@ -192,6 +192,8 @@ typedef union {
 /* macro to test for (any kind of) nil */
 #define ttisnil(v)              checktype((v), LUA_TNIL)
 
+#define tagisempty(tag)         (novariant(tag) == LUA_TNIL)
+
 
 /* macro to test for a standard nil */
 #define ttisstrictnil(o)        checktag((o), LUA_VNIL)
@@ -734,12 +736,15 @@ typedef union Node {
 #define setnorealasize(t)       ((t)->flags |= BITRAS)
 
 
+typedef union ArrayCell ArrayCell;
+
+
 typedef struct Table {
   CommonHeader;
   lu_byte flags;  /* 1<<p means tagmethod(p) is not present */
   lu_byte lsizenode;  /* log2 of size of 'node' array */
   unsigned int alimit;  /* "limit" of 'array' array */
-  TValue *array;  /* array part */
+  ArrayCell *array;  /* array part */
   Node *node;
   Node *lastfree;  /* any free position is before this position */
   struct Table *metatable;
diff --git a/lstate.c b/lstate.c
index 7fefacba..390e9c1a 100644
--- a/lstate.c
+++ b/lstate.c
@@ -215,13 +215,16 @@ static void freestack (lua_State *L) {
 */
 static void init_registry (lua_State *L, global_State *g) {
   /* create registry */
+  TValue aux;
   Table *registry = luaH_new(L);
   sethvalue(L, &g->l_registry, registry);
   luaH_resize(L, registry, LUA_RIDX_LAST, 0);
   /* registry[LUA_RIDX_MAINTHREAD] = L */
-  setthvalue(L, &registry->array[LUA_RIDX_MAINTHREAD - 1], L);
+  setthvalue(L, &aux, L);
+  luaH_setint(L, registry, LUA_RIDX_MAINTHREAD, &aux);
   /* registry[LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS] = new table (table of globals) */
-  sethvalue(L, &registry->array[LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS - 1], luaH_new(L));
+  sethvalue(L, &aux, luaH_new(L));
+  luaH_setint(L, registry, LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS, &aux);
 }
 
 
diff --git a/ltable.c b/ltable.c
index 3353c047..8c2bc3b2 100644
--- a/ltable.c
+++ b/ltable.c
@@ -350,9 +350,10 @@ int luaH_next (lua_State *L, Table *t, StkId key) {
   unsigned int asize = luaH_realasize(t);
   unsigned int i = findindex(L, t, s2v(key), asize);  /* find original key */
   for (; i < asize; i++) {  /* try first array part */
-    if (!isempty(&t->array[i])) {  /* a non-empty entry? */
+    int tag = *getArrTag(t, i);
+    if (!tagisempty(tag)) {  /* a non-empty entry? */
       setivalue(s2v(key), i + 1);
-      setobj2s(L, key + 1, &t->array[i]);
+      farr2val(t, i + 1, tag, s2v(key + 1));
       return 1;
     }
   }
@@ -375,6 +376,41 @@ static void freehash (lua_State *L, Table *t) {
 
 
 /*
+** Check whether an integer key is in the array part. If 'alimit' is
+** not the real size of the array, the key still can be in the array
+** part.  In this case, do the "Xmilia trick" to check whether 'key-1'
+** is smaller than the real size.
+** The trick works as follow: let 'p' be an integer such that
+** '2^(p+1) >= alimit > 2^p', or  '2^(p+1) > alimit-1 >= 2^p'.
+** That is, 2^(p+1) is the real size of the array, and 'p' is the highest
+** bit on in 'alimit-1'. What we have to check becomes 'key-1 < 2^(p+1)'.
+** We compute '(key-1) & ~(alimit-1)', which we call 'res'; it will
+** have the 'p' bit cleared. If the key is outside the array, that is,
+** 'key-1 >= 2^(p+1)', then 'res' will have some 1-bit higher than 'p',
+** therefore it will be larger or equal to 'alimit', and the check
+** will fail. If 'key-1 < 2^(p+1)', then 'res' has no 1-bit higher than
+** 'p', and as the bit 'p' itself was cleared, 'res' will be smaller
+** than 2^p, therefore smaller than 'alimit', and the check succeeds.
+** As special cases, when 'alimit' is 0 the condition is trivially false,
+** and when 'alimit' is 1 the condition simplifies to 'key-1 < alimit'.
+** If key is 0 or negative, 'res' will have its higher bit on, so that
+** if cannot be smaller than alimit.
+*/
+static int keyinarray (Table *t, lua_Integer key) {
+  lua_Unsigned alimit = t->alimit;
+  if (l_castS2U(key) - 1u < alimit)  /* 'key' in [1, t->alimit]? */
+    return 1;
+  else if (!isrealasize(t) &&  /* key still may be in the array part? */
+           (((l_castS2U(key) - 1u) & ~(alimit - 1u)) < alimit)) {
+    t->alimit = cast_uint(key);  /* probably '#t' is here now */
+    return 1;
+  }
+  else
+    return 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
 ** {=============================================================
 ** Rehash
 ** ==============================================================
@@ -421,6 +457,12 @@ static int countint (lua_Integer key, unsigned int *nums) {
 }
 
 
+l_sinline int arraykeyisempty (const Table *t, lua_Integer key) {
+  int tag = *getArrTag(t, key - 1);
+  return tagisempty(tag);
+}
+
+
 /*
 ** Count keys in array part of table 't': Fill 'nums[i]' with
 ** number of keys that will go into corresponding slice and return
@@ -443,7 +485,7 @@ static unsigned int numusearray (const Table *t, unsigned int *nums) {
     }
     /* count elements in range (2^(lg - 1), 2^lg] */
     for (; i <= lim; i++) {
-      if (!isempty(&t->array[i-1]))
+      if (!arraykeyisempty(t, i))
         lc++;
     }
     nums[lg] += lc;
@@ -471,6 +513,33 @@ static int numusehash (const Table *t, unsigned int *nums, unsigned int *pna) {
 
 
 /*
+** Convert an "abstract size" (number of values in an array) to
+** "concrete size" (number of cell elements in the array). Cells
+** do not need to be full; we only must make sure it has the values
+** needed and its 'tag' element. So, we compute the concrete tag index
+** and the concrete value index of the last element, get their maximum
+** and adds 1.
+*/
+static unsigned int concretesize (unsigned int size) {
+  if (size == 0) return 0;
+  else {
+    unsigned int ts = TagIndex(size - 1);
+    unsigned int vs = ValueIndex(size - 1);
+    return ((ts >= vs) ? ts : vs) + 1;
+  }
+}
+
+
+static ArrayCell *resizearray (lua_State *L , Table *t,
+                               unsigned int oldasize,
+                               unsigned int newasize) {
+  oldasize = concretesize(oldasize);
+  newasize = concretesize(newasize);
+  return luaM_reallocvector(L, t->array, oldasize, newasize, ArrayCell);
+}
+
+
+/*
 ** Creates an array for the hash part of a table with the given
 ** size, or reuses the dummy node if size is zero.
 ** The computation for size overflow is in two steps: the first
@@ -555,7 +624,7 @@ void luaH_resize (lua_State *L, Table *t, unsigned int newasize,
   unsigned int i;
   Table newt;  /* to keep the new hash part */
   unsigned int oldasize = setlimittosize(t);
-  TValue *newarray;
+  ArrayCell *newarray;
   /* create new hash part with appropriate size into 'newt' */
   setnodevector(L, &newt, nhsize);
   if (newasize < oldasize) {  /* will array shrink? */
@@ -563,14 +632,18 @@ void luaH_resize (lua_State *L, Table *t, unsigned int newasize,
     exchangehashpart(t, &newt);  /* and new hash */
     /* re-insert into the new hash the elements from vanishing slice */
     for (i = newasize; i < oldasize; i++) {
-      if (!isempty(&t->array[i]))
-        luaH_setint(L, t, i + 1, &t->array[i]);
+      int tag = *getArrTag(t, i);
+      if (!tagisempty(tag)) {  /* a non-empty entry? */
+        TValue aux;
+        farr2val(t, i + 1, tag, &aux);
+        luaH_setint(L, t, i + 1, &aux);
+      }
     }
     t->alimit = oldasize;  /* restore current size... */
     exchangehashpart(t, &newt);  /* and hash (in case of errors) */
   }
   /* allocate new array */
-  newarray = luaM_reallocvector(L, t->array, oldasize, newasize, TValue);
+  newarray = resizearray(L, t, oldasize, newasize);
   if (l_unlikely(newarray == NULL && newasize > 0)) {  /* allocation failed? */
     freehash(L, &newt);  /* release new hash part */
     luaM_error(L);  /* raise error (with array unchanged) */
@@ -580,7 +653,7 @@ void luaH_resize (lua_State *L, Table *t, unsigned int newasize,
   t->array = newarray;  /* set new array part */
   t->alimit = newasize;
   for (i = oldasize; i < newasize; i++)  /* clear new slice of the array */
-     setempty(&t->array[i]);
+    *getArrTag(t, i) = LUA_VEMPTY;
   /* re-insert elements from old hash part into new parts */
   reinsert(L, &newt, t);  /* 'newt' now has the old hash */
   freehash(L, &newt);  /* free old hash part */
@@ -636,8 +709,9 @@ Table *luaH_new (lua_State *L) {
 
 
 void luaH_free (lua_State *L, Table *t) {
+  unsigned ps = concretesize(luaH_realasize(t));
   freehash(L, t);
-  luaM_freearray(L, t->array, luaH_realasize(t));
+  luaM_freearray(L, t->array, ps);
   luaM_free(L, t);
 }
 
@@ -720,57 +794,57 @@ static void luaH_newkey (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key,
 }
 
 
-/*
-** Search function for integers. If integer is inside 'alimit', get it
-** directly from the array part. Otherwise, if 'alimit' is not
-** the real size of the array, the key still can be in the array part.
-** In this case, do the "Xmilia trick" to check whether 'key-1' is
-** smaller than the real size.
-** The trick works as follow: let 'p' be an integer such that
-**   '2^(p+1) >= alimit > 2^p', or  '2^(p+1) > alimit-1 >= 2^p'.
-** That is, 2^(p+1) is the real size of the array, and 'p' is the highest
-** bit on in 'alimit-1'. What we have to check becomes 'key-1 < 2^(p+1)'.
-** We compute '(key-1) & ~(alimit-1)', which we call 'res'; it will
-** have the 'p' bit cleared. If the key is outside the array, that is,
-** 'key-1 >= 2^(p+1)', then 'res' will have some bit on higher than 'p',
-** therefore it will be larger or equal to 'alimit', and the check
-** will fail. If 'key-1 < 2^(p+1)', then 'res' has no bit on higher than
-** 'p', and as the bit 'p' itself was cleared, 'res' will be smaller
-** than 2^p, therefore smaller than 'alimit', and the check succeeds.
-** As special cases, when 'alimit' is 0 the condition is trivially false,
-** and when 'alimit' is 1 the condition simplifies to 'key-1 < alimit'.
-** If key is 0 or negative, 'res' will have its higher bit on, so that
-** if cannot be smaller than alimit.
-*/
-const TValue *luaH_getint (Table *t, lua_Integer key) {
-  lua_Unsigned alimit = t->alimit;
-  if (l_castS2U(key) - 1u < alimit)  /* 'key' in [1, t->alimit]? */
-    return &t->array[key - 1];
-  else if (!isrealasize(t) &&  /* key still may be in the array part? */
-           (((l_castS2U(key) - 1u) & ~(alimit - 1u)) < alimit)) {
-    t->alimit = cast_uint(key);  /* probably '#t' is here now */
-    return &t->array[key - 1];
-  }
-  else {  /* key is not in the array part; check the hash */
-    Node *n = hashint(t, key);
-    for (;;) {  /* check whether 'key' is somewhere in the chain */
-      if (keyisinteger(n) && keyival(n) == key)
-        return gval(n);  /* that's it */
-      else {
-        int nx = gnext(n);
-        if (nx == 0) break;
-        n += nx;
-      }
+static const TValue *getintfromhash (Table *t, lua_Integer key) {
+  Node *n = hashint(t, key);
+  lua_assert(l_castS2U(key) - 1u >= luaH_realasize(t));
+  for (;;) {  /* check whether 'key' is somewhere in the chain */
+    if (keyisinteger(n) && keyival(n) == key)
+      return gval(n);  /* that's it */
+    else {
+      int nx = gnext(n);
+      if (nx == 0) break;
+      n += nx;
     }
-    return &absentkey;
   }
+  return &absentkey;
+}
+
+
+static int hashkeyisempty (Table *t, lua_Integer key) {
+  const TValue *val = getintfromhash(t, key);
+  return isempty(val);
+}
+
+
+static int finishnodeget (const TValue *val, TValue *res) {
+  if (!ttisnil(val)) {
+    setobj(((lua_State*)NULL), res, val);
+    return HOK;  /* success */
+  }
+  else
+    return HNOTFOUND;  /* could not get value */
+}
+
+
+int luaH_getint (Table *t, lua_Integer key, TValue *res) {
+  if (keyinarray(t, key)) {
+    int tag = *getArrTag(t, key - 1);
+    if (!tagisempty(tag)) {
+      farr2val(t, key, tag, res);
+      return HOK;  /* success */
+    }
+    else
+      return ~cast_int(key);  /* empty slot in the array part */
+  }
+  else
+    return finishnodeget(getintfromhash(t, key), res);
 }
 
 
 /*
 ** search function for short strings
 */
-const TValue *luaH_getshortstr (Table *t, TString *key) {
+const TValue *luaH_Hgetshortstr (Table *t, TString *key) {
   Node *n = hashstr(t, key);
   lua_assert(key->tt == LUA_VSHRSTR);
   for (;;) {  /* check whether 'key' is somewhere in the chain */
@@ -786,9 +860,14 @@ const TValue *luaH_getshortstr (Table *t, TString *key) {
 }
 
 
-const TValue *luaH_getstr (Table *t, TString *key) {
+int luaH_getshortstr (Table *t, TString *key, TValue *res) {
+  return finishnodeget(luaH_Hgetshortstr(t, key), res);
+}
+
+
+static const TValue *Hgetstr (Table *t, TString *key) {
   if (key->tt == LUA_VSHRSTR)
-    return luaH_getshortstr(t, key);
+    return luaH_Hgetshortstr(t, key);
   else {  /* for long strings, use generic case */
     TValue ko;
     setsvalue(cast(lua_State *, NULL), &ko, key);
@@ -797,38 +876,121 @@ const TValue *luaH_getstr (Table *t, TString *key) {
 }
 
 
+int luaH_getstr (Table *t, TString *key, TValue *res) {
+  return finishnodeget(Hgetstr(t, key), res);
+}
+
+
+TString *luaH_getstrkey (Table *t, TString *key) {
+  const TValue *o = Hgetstr(t, key);
+  if (!isabstkey(o))  /* string already present? */
+    return keystrval(nodefromval(o));  /* get saved copy */
+  else
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+
 /*
 ** main search function
 */
-const TValue *luaH_get (Table *t, const TValue *key) {
+int luaH_get (Table *t, const TValue *key, TValue *res) {
+  const TValue *slot; 
   switch (ttypetag(key)) {
-    case LUA_VSHRSTR: return luaH_getshortstr(t, tsvalue(key));
-    case LUA_VNUMINT: return luaH_getint(t, ivalue(key));
-    case LUA_VNIL: return &absentkey;
+    case LUA_VSHRSTR:
+      slot = luaH_Hgetshortstr(t, tsvalue(key));
+      break;
+    case LUA_VNUMINT:
+      return luaH_getint(t, ivalue(key), res);
+    case LUA_VNIL:
+      slot = &absentkey;
+      break;
     case LUA_VNUMFLT: {
       lua_Integer k;
       if (luaV_flttointeger(fltvalue(key), &k, F2Ieq)) /* integral index? */
-        return luaH_getint(t, k);  /* use specialized version */
+        return luaH_getint(t, k, res);  /* use specialized version */
       /* else... */
     }  /* FALLTHROUGH */
     default:
-      return getgeneric(t, key, 0);
+      slot = getgeneric(t, key, 0);
+      break;
+  }
+  return finishnodeget(slot, res);
+}
+
+
+static int finishnodeset (Table *t, const TValue *slot, TValue *val) {
+  if (!ttisnil(slot)) {
+    setobj(((lua_State*)NULL), cast(TValue*, slot), val);
+    return HOK;  /* success */
+  }
+  else if (isabstkey(slot))
+    return HNOTFOUND;  /* no slot with that key */
+  else return (cast(Node*, slot) - t->node) + HFIRSTNODE;  /* node encoded */
+}
+
+
+int luaH_psetint (Table *t, lua_Integer key, TValue *val) {
+  if (keyinarray(t, key)) {
+    lu_byte *tag = getArrTag(t, key - 1);
+    if (!tagisempty(*tag)) {
+      fval2arr(t, key, tag, val);
+      return HOK;  /* success */
+    }
+    else
+      return ~cast_int(key);  /* empty slot in the array part */
   }
+  else
+    return finishnodeset(t, getintfromhash(t, key), val);
 }
 
 
+int luaH_psetshortstr (Table *t, TString *key, TValue *val) {
+  return finishnodeset(t, luaH_Hgetshortstr(t, key), val);
+}
+
+
+int luaH_psetstr (Table *t, TString *key, TValue *val) {
+  return finishnodeset(t, Hgetstr(t, key), val);
+}
+
+
+int luaH_pset (Table *t, const TValue *key, TValue *val) {
+  switch (ttypetag(key)) {
+    case LUA_VSHRSTR: return luaH_psetshortstr(t, tsvalue(key), val);
+    case LUA_VNUMINT: return luaH_psetint(t, ivalue(key), val);
+    case LUA_VNIL: return HNOTFOUND;
+    case LUA_VNUMFLT: {
+      lua_Integer k;
+      if (luaV_flttointeger(fltvalue(key), &k, F2Ieq)) /* integral index? */
+        return luaH_psetint(t, k, val);  /* use specialized version */
+      /* else... */
+    }  /* FALLTHROUGH */
+    default:
+      return finishnodeset(t, getgeneric(t, key, 0), val);
+  }
+}
+
 /*
 ** Finish a raw "set table" operation, where 'slot' is where the value
 ** should have been (the result of a previous "get table").
 ** Beware: when using this function you probably need to check a GC
 ** barrier and invalidate the TM cache.
 */
+
+
 void luaH_finishset (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key,
-                                   const TValue *slot, TValue *value) {
-  if (isabstkey(slot))
+                                    TValue *value, int hres) {
+  lua_assert(hres != HOK);
+  if (hres == HNOTFOUND) {
     luaH_newkey(L, t, key, value);
-  else
-    setobj2t(L, cast(TValue *, slot), value);
+  }
+  else if (hres > 0) {  /* regular Node? */
+    setobj2t(L, gval(gnode(t, hres - HFIRSTNODE)), value);
+  }
+  else {  /* array entry */
+    hres = ~hres;  /* real index */
+    obj2arr(t, hres, value);
+  }
 }
 
 
@@ -837,20 +999,19 @@ void luaH_finishset (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key,
 ** barrier and invalidate the TM cache.
 */
 void luaH_set (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key, TValue *value) {
-  const TValue *slot = luaH_get(t, key);
-  luaH_finishset(L, t, key, slot, value);
+  int hres = luaH_pset(t, key, value);
+  if (hres != HOK)
+    luaH_finishset(L, t, key, value, hres);
 }
 
 
 void luaH_setint (lua_State *L, Table *t, lua_Integer key, TValue *value) {
-  const TValue *p = luaH_getint(t, key);
-  if (isabstkey(p)) {
+  int hres = luaH_psetint(t, key, value);
+  if (hres != HOK) {
     TValue k;
     setivalue(&k, key);
-    luaH_newkey(L, t, &k, value);
+    luaH_finishset(L, t, &k, value, hres);
   }
-  else
-    setobj2t(L, cast(TValue *, p), value);
 }
 
 
@@ -876,27 +1037,26 @@ static lua_Unsigned hash_search (Table *t, lua_Unsigned j) {
       j *= 2;
     else {
       j = LUA_MAXINTEGER;
-      if (isempty(luaH_getint(t, j)))  /* t[j] not present? */
+      if (hashkeyisempty(t, j))  /* t[j] not present? */
         break;  /* 'j' now is an absent index */
       else  /* weird case */
         return j;  /* well, max integer is a boundary... */
     }
-  } while (!isempty(luaH_getint(t, j)));  /* repeat until an absent t[j] */
+  } while (!hashkeyisempty(t, j));  /* repeat until an absent t[j] */
   /* i < j  &&  t[i] present  &&  t[j] absent */
   while (j - i > 1u) {  /* do a binary search between them */
     lua_Unsigned m = (i + j) / 2;
-    if (isempty(luaH_getint(t, m))) j = m;
+    if (hashkeyisempty(t, m)) j = m;
     else i = m;
   }
   return i;
 }
 
 
-static unsigned int binsearch (const TValue *array, unsigned int i,
-                                                    unsigned int j) {
+static unsigned int binsearch (Table *array, unsigned int i, unsigned int j) {
   while (j - i > 1u) {  /* binary search */
     unsigned int m = (i + j) / 2;
-    if (isempty(&array[m - 1])) j = m;
+    if (arraykeyisempty(array, m)) j = m;
     else i = m;
   }
   return i;
@@ -937,9 +1097,9 @@ static unsigned int binsearch (const TValue *array, unsigned int i,
 */
 lua_Unsigned luaH_getn (Table *t) {
   unsigned int limit = t->alimit;
-  if (limit > 0 && isempty(&t->array[limit - 1])) {  /* (1)? */
+  if (limit > 0 && arraykeyisempty(t, limit)) {  /* (1)? */
     /* there must be a boundary before 'limit' */
-    if (limit >= 2 && !isempty(&t->array[limit - 2])) {
+    if (limit >= 2 && !arraykeyisempty(t, limit - 1)) {
       /* 'limit - 1' is a boundary; can it be a new limit? */
       if (ispow2realasize(t) && !ispow2(limit - 1)) {
         t->alimit = limit - 1;
@@ -948,7 +1108,7 @@ lua_Unsigned luaH_getn (Table *t) {
       return limit - 1;
     }
     else {  /* must search for a boundary in [0, limit] */
-      unsigned int boundary = binsearch(t->array, 0, limit);
+      unsigned int boundary = binsearch(t, 0, limit);
       /* can this boundary represent the real size of the array? */
       if (ispow2realasize(t) && boundary > luaH_realasize(t) / 2) {
         t->alimit = boundary;  /* use it as the new limit */
@@ -960,14 +1120,14 @@ lua_Unsigned luaH_getn (Table *t) {
   /* 'limit' is zero or present in table */
   if (!limitequalsasize(t)) {  /* (2)? */
     /* 'limit' > 0 and array has more elements after 'limit' */
-    if (isempty(&t->array[limit]))  /* 'limit + 1' is empty? */
+    if (arraykeyisempty(t, limit + 1))  /* 'limit + 1' is empty? */
       return limit;  /* this is the boundary */
     /* else, try last element in the array */
     limit = luaH_realasize(t);
-    if (isempty(&t->array[limit - 1])) {  /* empty? */
+    if (arraykeyisempty(t, limit)) {  /* empty? */
       /* there must be a boundary in the array after old limit,
          and it must be a valid new limit */
-      unsigned int boundary = binsearch(t->array, t->alimit, limit);
+      unsigned int boundary = binsearch(t, t->alimit, limit);
       t->alimit = boundary;
       return boundary;
     }
@@ -975,8 +1135,8 @@ lua_Unsigned luaH_getn (Table *t) {
   }
   /* (3) 'limit' is the last element and either is zero or present in table */
   lua_assert(limit == luaH_realasize(t) &&
-             (limit == 0 || !isempty(&t->array[limit - 1])));
-  if (isdummy(t) || isempty(luaH_getint(t, cast(lua_Integer, limit + 1))))
+             (limit == 0 || !arraykeyisempty(t, limit)));
+  if (isdummy(t) || hashkeyisempty(t, cast(lua_Integer, limit + 1)))
     return limit;  /* 'limit + 1' is absent */
   else  /* 'limit + 1' is also present */
     return hash_search(t, limit);
diff --git a/ltable.h b/ltable.h
index 8e689034..1f6d6aa4 100644
--- a/ltable.h
+++ b/ltable.h
@@ -35,16 +35,105 @@
 #define nodefromval(v)  cast(Node *, (v))
 
 
-LUAI_FUNC const TValue *luaH_getint (Table *t, lua_Integer key);
+/* results from get/pset */
+#define HOK             0
+#define HNOTFOUND       1
+#define HNOTATABLE      2
+#define HFIRSTNODE      3
+
+/*
+** Besides these values, pset (pre-set) operations may also return an
+** encoding of where the value should go (usually called 'hres'). That
+** means that there is a slot with that key but with no value. (pset
+** cannot set that value because there might be a metamethod.) If the
+** slot is in the hash part, the encoding is (HFIRSTNODE + hash index);
+** if the slot is in the array part, the encoding is (~array index).
+*/
+
+
+/*
+** The array part of a table is represented by an array of cells.
+** Each cell is composed of (NM + 1) elements, and each element has the
+** type 'ArrayCell'.  In each cell, only one element has the variant
+** 'tag', while the other NM elements have the variant 'value'. The
+** array in the 'tag' element holds the tags of the other elements in
+** that cell.
+*/
+#define NM      ((unsigned int)sizeof(Value))
+
+union ArrayCell {
+  unsigned char tag[NM];
+  Value value;
+};
+
+
+/*
+** 'NMTag' defines which cell element has the tags; that could be any
+** value between 0 (tags come before all values) and NM (tags come after
+** all values).
+*/
+#define NMTag     0
+
+
+/*
+** Computes the concrete index that holds the tag of abstract index 'i'
+*/
+#define TagIndex(i)     (((i)/NM * (NM + 1u)) + NMTag)
+
+/*
+** Computes the concrete index that holds the value of abstract index 'i'
+*/
+#define ValueIndex(i)   ((i) + (((i) + (NM - NMTag))/NM))
+
+
+/* Computes the address of the tag for the abstract index 'k' */
+#define getArrTag(t,k)  (&(t)->array[TagIndex(k)].tag[(k)%NM])
+
+/* Computes the address of the value for the abstract index 'k' */
+#define getArrVal(t,k)  (&(t)->array[ValueIndex(k)].value)
+
+
+/*
+** Move TValues to/from arrays, using Lua indices
+*/
+#define arr2obj(h,k,val)  \
+  ((val)->tt_ = *getArrTag(h,(k)-1u), (val)->value_ = *getArrVal(h,(k)-1u))
+
+#define obj2arr(h,k,val)  \
+  (*getArrTag(h,(k)-1u) = (val)->tt_, *getArrVal(h,(k)-1u) = (val)->value_)
+
+
+/*
+** Often, we need to check the tag of a value before moving it. These
+** macros also move TValues to/from arrays, but receive the precomputed
+** tag value or address as an extra argument.
+*/
+#define farr2val(h,k,tag,res)  \
+  ((res)->tt_ = tag, (res)->value_ = *getArrVal(h,(k)-1u))
+
+#define fval2arr(h,k,tag,val)  \
+  (*tag = (val)->tt_, *getArrVal(h,(k)-1u) = (val)->value_)
+
+
+LUAI_FUNC int luaH_getshortstr (Table *t, TString *key, TValue *res);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaH_getstr (Table *t, TString *key, TValue *res);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaH_get (Table *t, const TValue *key, TValue *res);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaH_getint (Table *t, lua_Integer key, TValue *res);
+
+LUAI_FUNC TString *luaH_getstrkey (Table *t, TString *key);
+
+LUAI_FUNC int luaH_psetint (Table *t, lua_Integer key, TValue *val);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaH_psetshortstr (Table *t, TString *key, TValue *val);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaH_psetstr (Table *t, TString *key, TValue *val);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaH_pset (Table *t, const TValue *key, TValue *val);
+
 LUAI_FUNC void luaH_setint (lua_State *L, Table *t, lua_Integer key,
                                                     TValue *value);
-LUAI_FUNC const TValue *luaH_getshortstr (Table *t, TString *key);
-LUAI_FUNC const TValue *luaH_getstr (Table *t, TString *key);
-LUAI_FUNC const TValue *luaH_get (Table *t, const TValue *key);
+LUAI_FUNC const TValue *luaH_Hgetshortstr (Table *t, TString *key);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaH_set (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key,
                                                  TValue *value);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaH_finishset (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key,
-                                       const TValue *slot, TValue *value);
+                                              TValue *value, int aux);
 LUAI_FUNC Table *luaH_new (lua_State *L);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaH_resize (lua_State *L, Table *t, unsigned int nasize,
                                                     unsigned int nhsize);
diff --git a/ltests.c b/ltests.c
index 7d184c0d..e2bf76bd 100644
--- a/ltests.c
+++ b/ltests.c
@@ -362,8 +362,11 @@ static void checktable (global_State *g, Table *h) {
   Node *n, *limit = gnode(h, sizenode(h));
   GCObject *hgc = obj2gco(h);
   checkobjrefN(g, hgc, h->metatable);
-  for (i = 0; i < asize; i++)
-    checkvalref(g, hgc, &h->array[i]);
+  for (i = 0; i < asize; i++) {
+    TValue aux;
+    arr2obj(h, i + 1, &aux);
+    checkvalref(g, hgc, &aux);
+  }
   for (n = gnode(h, 0); n < limit; n++) {
     if (!isempty(gval(n))) {
       TValue k;
@@ -1005,7 +1008,8 @@ static int table_query (lua_State *L) {
   }
   else if ((unsigned int)i < asize) {
     lua_pushinteger(L, i);
-    pushobject(L, &t->array[i]);
+    arr2obj(t, i + 1, s2v(L->top.p));
+    api_incr_top(L);
     lua_pushnil(L);
   }
   else if ((i -= asize) < sizenode(t)) {
diff --git a/ltm.c b/ltm.c
index 07a06081..fce6245c 100644
--- a/ltm.c
+++ b/ltm.c
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ void luaT_init (lua_State *L) {
 ** tag methods
 */
 const TValue *luaT_gettm (Table *events, TMS event, TString *ename) {
-  const TValue *tm = luaH_getshortstr(events, ename);
+  const TValue *tm = luaH_Hgetshortstr(events, ename);
   lua_assert(event <= TM_EQ);
   if (notm(tm)) {  /* no tag method? */
     events->flags |= cast_byte(1u<<event);  /* cache this fact */
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ const TValue *luaT_gettmbyobj (lua_State *L, const TValue *o, TMS event) {
     default:
       mt = G(L)->mt[ttype(o)];
   }
-  return (mt ? luaH_getshortstr(mt, G(L)->tmname[event]) : &G(L)->nilvalue);
+  return (mt ? luaH_Hgetshortstr(mt, G(L)->tmname[event]) : &G(L)->nilvalue);
 }
 
 
@@ -92,9 +92,10 @@ const char *luaT_objtypename (lua_State *L, const TValue *o) {
   Table *mt;
   if ((ttistable(o) && (mt = hvalue(o)->metatable) != NULL) ||
       (ttisfulluserdata(o) && (mt = uvalue(o)->metatable) != NULL)) {
-    const TValue *name = luaH_getshortstr(mt, luaS_new(L, "__name"));
-    if (ttisstring(name))  /* is '__name' a string? */
-      return getstr(tsvalue(name));  /* use it as type name */
+    TValue name;
+    int hres = luaH_getshortstr(mt, luaS_new(L, "__name"), &name);
+    if (hres == HOK && ttisstring(&name))  /* is '__name' a string? */
+      return getstr(tsvalue(&name));  /* use it as type name */
   }
   return ttypename(ttype(o));  /* else use standard type name */
 }
diff --git a/lvm.c b/lvm.c
index 4d71cfff..9b71ff31 100644
--- a/lvm.c
+++ b/lvm.c
@@ -283,15 +283,13 @@ static int floatforloop (StkId ra) {
 
 /*
 ** Finish the table access 'val = t[key]'.
-** if 'slot' is NULL, 't' is not a table; otherwise, 'slot' points to
-** t[k] entry (which must be empty).
 */
 void luaV_finishget (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key, StkId val,
-                      const TValue *slot) {
+                      int hres) {
   int loop;  /* counter to avoid infinite loops */
   const TValue *tm;  /* metamethod */
   for (loop = 0; loop < MAXTAGLOOP; loop++) {
-    if (slot == NULL) {  /* 't' is not a table? */
+    if (hres == HNOTATABLE) {  /* 't' is not a table? */
       lua_assert(!ttistable(t));
       tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, t, TM_INDEX);
       if (l_unlikely(notm(tm)))
@@ -299,7 +297,6 @@ void luaV_finishget (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key, StkId val,
       /* else will try the metamethod */
     }
     else {  /* 't' is a table */
-      lua_assert(isempty(slot));
       tm = fasttm(L, hvalue(t)->metatable, TM_INDEX);  /* table's metamethod */
       if (tm == NULL) {  /* no metamethod? */
         setnilvalue(s2v(val));  /* result is nil */
@@ -312,10 +309,9 @@ void luaV_finishget (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key, StkId val,
       return;
     }
     t = tm;  /* else try to access 'tm[key]' */
-    if (luaV_fastget(L, t, key, slot, luaH_get)) {  /* fast track? */
-      setobj2s(L, val, slot);  /* done */
-      return;
-    }
+    luaV_fastget(t, key, s2v(val), luaH_get, hres);
+    if (hres == HOK)
+      return;  /* done */
     /* else repeat (tail call 'luaV_finishget') */
   }
   luaG_runerror(L, "'__index' chain too long; possible loop");
@@ -324,22 +320,17 @@ void luaV_finishget (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key, StkId val,
 
 /*
 ** Finish a table assignment 't[key] = val'.
-** If 'slot' is NULL, 't' is not a table.  Otherwise, 'slot' points
-** to the entry 't[key]', or to a value with an absent key if there
-** is no such entry.  (The value at 'slot' must be empty, otherwise
-** 'luaV_fastget' would have done the job.)
 */
 void luaV_finishset (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key,
-                     TValue *val, const TValue *slot) {
+                      TValue *val, int hres) {
   int loop;  /* counter to avoid infinite loops */
   for (loop = 0; loop < MAXTAGLOOP; loop++) {
     const TValue *tm;  /* '__newindex' metamethod */
-    if (slot != NULL) {  /* is 't' a table? */
+    if (hres != HNOTATABLE) {  /* is 't' a table? */
       Table *h = hvalue(t);  /* save 't' table */
-      lua_assert(isempty(slot));  /* slot must be empty */
       tm = fasttm(L, h->metatable, TM_NEWINDEX);  /* get metamethod */
       if (tm == NULL) {  /* no metamethod? */
-        luaH_finishset(L, h, key, slot, val);  /* set new value */
+        luaH_finishset(L, h, key, val, hres);  /* set new value */
         invalidateTMcache(h);
         luaC_barrierback(L, obj2gco(h), val);
         return;
@@ -357,10 +348,9 @@ void luaV_finishset (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key,
       return;
     }
     t = tm;  /* else repeat assignment over 'tm' */
-    if (luaV_fastget(L, t, key, slot, luaH_get)) {
-      luaV_finishfastset(L, t, slot, val);
+    luaV_fastset(t, key, val, hres, luaH_pset);
+    if (hres == HOK)
       return;  /* done */
-    }
     /* else 'return luaV_finishset(L, t, key, val, slot)' (loop) */
   }
   luaG_runerror(L, "'__newindex' chain too long; possible loop");
@@ -1248,114 +1238,109 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) {
       }
       vmcase(OP_GETTABUP) {
         StkId ra = RA(i);
-        const TValue *slot;
         TValue *upval = cl->upvals[GETARG_B(i)]->v.p;
         TValue *rc = KC(i);
         TString *key = tsvalue(rc);  /* key must be a short string */
-        if (luaV_fastget(L, upval, key, slot, luaH_getshortstr)) {
-          setobj2s(L, ra, slot);
-        }
-        else
-          Protect(luaV_finishget(L, upval, rc, ra, slot));
+        int hres;
+        luaV_fastget(upval, key, s2v(ra), luaH_getshortstr, hres);
+        if (hres != HOK)
+          Protect(luaV_finishget(L, upval, rc, ra, hres));
         vmbreak;
       }
       vmcase(OP_GETTABLE) {
         StkId ra = RA(i);
-        const TValue *slot;
         TValue *rb = vRB(i);
         TValue *rc = vRC(i);
-        lua_Unsigned n;
-        if (ttisinteger(rc)  /* fast track for integers? */
-            ? (cast_void(n = ivalue(rc)), luaV_fastgeti(L, rb, n, slot))
-            : luaV_fastget(L, rb, rc, slot, luaH_get)) {
-          setobj2s(L, ra, slot);
+        int hres;
+        if (ttisinteger(rc)) {  /* fast track for integers? */
+          luaV_fastgeti(rb, ivalue(rc), s2v(ra), hres);
         }
         else
-          Protect(luaV_finishget(L, rb, rc, ra, slot));
+          luaV_fastget(rb, rc, s2v(ra), luaH_get, hres);
+        if (hres != HOK)  /* fast track for integers? */
+          Protect(luaV_finishget(L, rb, rc, ra, hres));
         vmbreak;
       }
       vmcase(OP_GETI) {
         StkId ra = RA(i);
-        const TValue *slot;
         TValue *rb = vRB(i);
         int c = GETARG_C(i);
-        if (luaV_fastgeti(L, rb, c, slot)) {
-          setobj2s(L, ra, slot);
-        }
-        else {
+        int hres;
+        luaV_fastgeti(rb, c, s2v(ra), hres);
+        if (hres != HOK) {
           TValue key;
           setivalue(&key, c);
-          Protect(luaV_finishget(L, rb, &key, ra, slot));
+          Protect(luaV_finishget(L, rb, &key, ra, hres));
         }
         vmbreak;
       }
       vmcase(OP_GETFIELD) {
         StkId ra = RA(i);
-        const TValue *slot;
         TValue *rb = vRB(i);
         TValue *rc = KC(i);
         TString *key = tsvalue(rc);  /* key must be a short string */
-        if (luaV_fastget(L, rb, key, slot, luaH_getshortstr)) {
-          setobj2s(L, ra, slot);
-        }
-        else
-          Protect(luaV_finishget(L, rb, rc, ra, slot));
+        int hres;
+        luaV_fastget(rb, key, s2v(ra), luaH_getshortstr, hres);
+        if (hres != HOK)
+          Protect(luaV_finishget(L, rb, rc, ra, hres));
         vmbreak;
       }
       vmcase(OP_SETTABUP) {
-        const TValue *slot;
+        int hres;
         TValue *upval = cl->upvals[GETARG_A(i)]->v.p;
         TValue *rb = KB(i);
         TValue *rc = RKC(i);
         TString *key = tsvalue(rb);  /* key must be a short string */
-        if (luaV_fastget(L, upval, key, slot, luaH_getshortstr)) {
-          luaV_finishfastset(L, upval, slot, rc);
-        }
+        luaV_fastset(upval, key, rc, hres, luaH_psetshortstr);
+        if (hres == HOK)
+          luaV_finishfastset(L, upval, rc);
         else
-          Protect(luaV_finishset(L, upval, rb, rc, slot));
+          Protect(luaV_finishset(L, upval, rb, rc, hres));
         vmbreak;
       }
       vmcase(OP_SETTABLE) {
         StkId ra = RA(i);
-        const TValue *slot;
+        int hres;
         TValue *rb = vRB(i);  /* key (table is in 'ra') */
         TValue *rc = RKC(i);  /* value */
-        lua_Unsigned n;
-        if (ttisinteger(rb)  /* fast track for integers? */
-            ? (cast_void(n = ivalue(rb)), luaV_fastgeti(L, s2v(ra), n, slot))
-            : luaV_fastget(L, s2v(ra), rb, slot, luaH_get)) {
-          luaV_finishfastset(L, s2v(ra), slot, rc);
+        if (ttisinteger(rb)) {  /* fast track for integers? */
+          luaV_fastseti(s2v(ra), ivalue(rb), rc, hres);
+        }
+        else {
+          luaV_fastset(s2v(ra), rb, rc, hres, luaH_pset);
         }
+        if (hres == HOK)
+          luaV_finishfastset(L, s2v(ra), rc);
         else
-          Protect(luaV_finishset(L, s2v(ra), rb, rc, slot));
+          Protect(luaV_finishset(L, s2v(ra), rb, rc, hres));
         vmbreak;
       }
       vmcase(OP_SETI) {
         StkId ra = RA(i);
-        const TValue *slot;
-        int c = GETARG_B(i);
+        int hres;
+        int b = GETARG_B(i);
         TValue *rc = RKC(i);
-        if (luaV_fastgeti(L, s2v(ra), c, slot)) {
-          luaV_finishfastset(L, s2v(ra), slot, rc);
-        }
+        luaV_fastseti(s2v(ra), b, rc, hres);
+        if (hres == HOK)
+          luaV_finishfastset(L, s2v(ra), rc);
         else {
           TValue key;
-          setivalue(&key, c);
-          Protect(luaV_finishset(L, s2v(ra), &key, rc, slot));
+          setivalue(&key, b);
+          Protect(luaV_finishset(L, s2v(ra), &key, rc, hres));
         }
         vmbreak;
       }
       vmcase(OP_SETFIELD) {
         StkId ra = RA(i);
-        const TValue *slot;
+        int hres;
         TValue *rb = KB(i);
         TValue *rc = RKC(i);
         TString *key = tsvalue(rb);  /* key must be a short string */
-        if (luaV_fastget(L, s2v(ra), key, slot, luaH_getshortstr)) {
-          luaV_finishfastset(L, s2v(ra), slot, rc);
-        }
+        luaV_fastset(s2v(ra), key, rc, hres, luaH_psetshortstr);
+        if (hres == HOK)
+          luaV_finishfastset(L, s2v(ra), rc);
         else
-          Protect(luaV_finishset(L, s2v(ra), rb, rc, slot));
+          Protect(luaV_finishset(L, s2v(ra), rb, rc, hres));
         vmbreak;
       }
       vmcase(OP_NEWTABLE) {
@@ -1379,16 +1364,14 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) {
       }
       vmcase(OP_SELF) {
         StkId ra = RA(i);
-        const TValue *slot;
+        int hres;
         TValue *rb = vRB(i);
         TValue *rc = RKC(i);
         TString *key = tsvalue(rc);  /* key must be a string */
         setobj2s(L, ra + 1, rb);
-        if (luaV_fastget(L, rb, key, slot, luaH_getstr)) {
-          setobj2s(L, ra, slot);
-        }
-        else
-          Protect(luaV_finishget(L, rb, rc, ra, slot));
+        luaV_fastget(rb, key, s2v(ra), luaH_getstr, hres);
+        if (hres != HOK)
+          Protect(luaV_finishget(L, rb, rc, ra, hres));
         vmbreak;
       }
       vmcase(OP_ADDI) {
@@ -1860,7 +1843,7 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) {
           luaH_resizearray(L, h, last);  /* preallocate it at once */
         for (; n > 0; n--) {
           TValue *val = s2v(ra + n);
-          setobj2t(L, &h->array[last - 1], val);
+          obj2arr(h, last, val);
           last--;
           luaC_barrierback(L, obj2gco(h), val);
         }
diff --git a/lvm.h b/lvm.h
index dba1ad27..c74c81f8 100644
--- a/lvm.h
+++ b/lvm.h
@@ -76,38 +76,43 @@ typedef enum {
 
 
 /*
-** fast track for 'gettable': if 't' is a table and 't[k]' is present,
-** return 1 with 'slot' pointing to 't[k]' (position of final result).
-** Otherwise, return 0 (meaning it will have to check metamethod)
-** with 'slot' pointing to an empty 't[k]' (if 't' is a table) or NULL
-** (otherwise). 'f' is the raw get function to use.
+** fast track for 'gettable'
 */
-#define luaV_fastget(L,t,k,slot,f) \
-  (!ttistable(t)  \
-   ? (slot = NULL, 0)  /* not a table; 'slot' is NULL and result is 0 */  \
-   : (slot = f(hvalue(t), k),  /* else, do raw access */  \
-      !isempty(slot)))  /* result not empty? */
+#define luaV_fastget(t,k,res,f, aux) \
+  (aux = (!ttistable(t) ? HNOTATABLE : f(hvalue(t), k, res)))
 
 
 /*
 ** Special case of 'luaV_fastget' for integers, inlining the fast case
 ** of 'luaH_getint'.
 */
-#define luaV_fastgeti(L,t,k,slot) \
-  (!ttistable(t)  \
-   ? (slot = NULL, 0)  /* not a table; 'slot' is NULL and result is 0 */  \
-   : (slot = (l_castS2U(k) - 1u < hvalue(t)->alimit) \
-              ? &hvalue(t)->array[k - 1] : luaH_getint(hvalue(t), k), \
-      !isempty(slot)))  /* result not empty? */
+#define luaV_fastgeti(t,k,res,aux) \
+  if (!ttistable(t)) aux = HNOTATABLE; \
+  else { Table *h = hvalue(t); lua_Unsigned u = l_castS2U(k); \
+    if ((u - 1u < h->alimit)) { \
+      int tag = *getArrTag(h,(u)-1u); \
+      if (tagisempty(tag)) aux = HNOTFOUND; \
+      else { farr2val(h, u, tag, res); aux = HOK; }} \
+    else { aux = luaH_getint(h, u, res); }}
+
+
+#define luaV_fastset(t,k,val,aux,f) \
+  (aux = (!ttistable(t) ? HNOTATABLE : f(hvalue(t), k, val)))
+
+#define luaV_fastseti(t,k,val,aux) \
+  if (!ttistable(t)) aux = HNOTATABLE; \
+  else { Table *h = hvalue(t); lua_Unsigned u = l_castS2U(k); \
+    if ((u - 1u < h->alimit)) { \
+      lu_byte *tag = getArrTag(h,(u)-1u); \
+      if (tagisempty(*tag)) aux = ~cast_int(u); \
+      else { fval2arr(h, u, tag, val); aux = HOK; }} \
+    else { aux = luaH_psetint(h, u, val); }}
 
 
 /*
-** Finish a fast set operation (when fast get succeeds). In that case,
-** 'slot' points to the place to put the value.
+** Finish a fast set operation (when fast set succeeds).
 */
-#define luaV_finishfastset(L,t,slot,v) \
-    { setobj2t(L, cast(TValue *,slot), v); \
-      luaC_barrierback(L, gcvalue(t), v); }
+#define luaV_finishfastset(L,t,v)       luaC_barrierback(L, gcvalue(t), v)
 
 
 /*
@@ -126,9 +131,9 @@ LUAI_FUNC int luaV_tointegerns (const TValue *obj, lua_Integer *p,
                                 F2Imod mode);
 LUAI_FUNC int luaV_flttointeger (lua_Number n, lua_Integer *p, F2Imod mode);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaV_finishget (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key,
-                               StkId val, const TValue *slot);
+                                             StkId val, int aux);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaV_finishset (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key,
-                               TValue *val, const TValue *slot);
+                                             TValue *val, int aux);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaV_finishOp (lua_State *L);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaV_concat (lua_State *L, int total);