41 files changed, 1151 insertions, 831 deletions
diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4f593865
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.gitattributes
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+*.tl linguist-language=Lua
diff --git a/.github/workflows/pr-gh-actions.yml b/.github/workflows/pr-gh-actions.yml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fa0cd465
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/pr-gh-actions.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+name: PR on GH Actions
+on:
+  push:
+    tags:
+      - 'v*'
+  workflow_dispatch:
+jobs:
+  SanitizeVersion:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    outputs:
+      version: ${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Extract version from the tag and set it as output
+        id: version
+        run: |
+          if [ "${{ github.ref_type }}" = "tag" ];
+          then
+            version=$(echo "${{ github.ref_name }}" | sed -e "s/v//g" | grep -oP '^(\d+\.\d+\.\d+)$')
+            if [[ $version =~ ^[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+$ ]];
+            then
+              echo "version=${version}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+            else
+              echo "version=none" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+            fi
+          else
+            echo "version=none" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          fi
+  CreatePullRequest:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs:
+      - SanitizeVersion
+    if: ${{ github.ref_type == 'tag' && needs.SanitizeVersion.outputs.version != 'none' }}
+    env:
+      TARGET_REPOSITORY: luarocks/gh-actions-luarocks
+      NEW_BRANCH: luarocks-${{ needs.SanitizeVersion.outputs.version }}
+      NEW_COMMIT_MSG: 'LuaRocks: update to ${{ needs.SanitizeVersion.outputs.version }}'
+      NEW_PR_TITLE: 'LuaRocks: update to ${{ needs.SanitizeVersion.outputs.version }}'
+      # comma (,) separated list
+      # of users to mention in the
+      # body of the Pull Request
+      USERS_TO_MENTION: hishamhm
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          repository: ${{ env.TARGET_REPOSITORY }}
+          token: ${{ secrets.GH_ACTIONS_LUAROCKS_TOKEN }}
+          path: gh-actions-luarocks
+      - name: Create a new branch
+        working-directory: gh-actions-luarocks
+        run: git checkout -b ${{ env.NEW_BRANCH }}
+      - name: Set user name and email on commit
+        working-directory: gh-actions-luarocks
+        run: |
+          git config user.name "github-actions[bot]"
+          git config user.email "41898282+github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com"
+      - name: Replace default version on action.yml
+        working-directory: gh-actions-luarocks
+        run: |
+          sed -e "s/default: \".*\"/default: \"${{ needs.SanitizeVersion.outputs.version }}\"/g" -i action.yml
+      - name: Stage changes
+        working-directory: gh-actions-luarocks
+        run: git add action.yml
+      - name: Commit changes
+        working-directory: gh-actions-luarocks
+        run: git commit "--message=${{ env.NEW_COMMIT_MSG }}"
+      - name: Print diff
+        working-directory: gh-actions-luarocks
+        run: git show
+      - name: Push changes
+        working-directory: gh-actions-luarocks
+        run: git push --set-upstream origin ${{ env.NEW_BRANCH }}
+      - name: Submit Pull Request
+        working-directory: gh-actions-luarocks
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GH_ACTIONS_LUAROCKS_TOKEN }}
+        run: |
+          PR_BODY=""
+          IFS=',' read -ra reviewers <<< "${{ env.USERS_TO_MENTION }}"
+          for i in "${reviewers[@]}"; do
+              PR_BODY+="CC @${i} "
+          done
+          gh pr create \
+            --repo "${{ env.TARGET_REPOSITORY }}" \
+            --head ${{ env.NEW_BRANCH }} \
+            --title "${{ env.NEW_PR_TITLE }}" \
+            --body "${PR_BODY}"
+\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/.github/workflows/test.yml b/.github/workflows/test.yml
index f973b30b..5acc786a 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/test.yml
@@ -2,17 +2,18 @@ name: test
 on:
  push:
-    branches: main
+    branches:
+      - main
    paths-ignore:
      - "docs"
      - "**/*.md"
  pull_request:
-    branches: '*'
+    branches:
+      - '*'
    paths-ignore:
      - "docs"
      - "**/*.md"
  workflow_dispatch:
-    branches: '*'
 jobs:
  ##############################################################################
@@ -45,7 +46,9 @@ jobs:
      with:
        luaVersion: ${{ matrix.lua-version }}
-    - uses: leafo/gh-actions-luarocks@v5
+    - uses: luarocks/gh-actions-luarocks@master
+      with:
+        luaRocksVersion: "3.12.2"
    - name: 'Setup macOS deps'
      if: ${{ contains(matrix.os, 'macos') }}
@@ -301,7 +304,7 @@ jobs:
      # The following env variables
      # only applies to Visual Studio
      LUAROCKS_DEPS_DIR: c:\external
-      LUAROCKS_DEPS_OPENSSL_VER: "3.4.1"
+      LUAROCKS_DEPS_OPENSSL_VER: "3.5.1"
      LUAROCKS_DEPS_ZLIB_VER: "1.3.1"
      # The following env variable
      # applies to both Visual Studio and MinGW-w64
@@ -484,7 +487,7 @@ jobs:
          }
          if ($installerUrl -eq $null) {
-            throw "Installer not found for version $version";
+            throw "Installer not found for version ${version}. Please, update OpenSSL to the latest version found at ${jsonUrl}";
          }
          # Download the installer
@@ -594,11 +597,11 @@ jobs:
          SET "CURRENT_LUA_BIN=%CURRENT_LUA_DIR%\bin"
          SET "CURRENT_LUA_INTERPRETER=%CURRENT_LUA_BIN%\lua.exe"
-          pip install hererocks && ^
+          pip install git+https://github.com/luarocks/hererocks && ^
          hererocks ^
            "%CURRENT_LUA_DIRNAME%" ^
            "--${{ matrix.LUAT }}" "${{ matrix.LUAV }}" ^
-            --luarocks latest ^
+            --luarocks "3.12.2" ^
            "--target=${{ matrix.COMPILER }}"
          IF %ERRORLEVEL% NEQ 0 (
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 35ddbf42..3317a870 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
 /*.rock
 /*.tar.gz
 /*.zip
-/src/*.*
 /prefix-*
 /dev_*
 /gh-pages
diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 4af612e9..d666eed0 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -1,5 +1,68 @@
+## LuaRocks 3.12.1
+> Released 17/Jun/2025
+* rockspec: re-add deprecated function type().
+  Removing this broke the behavior of some luarocks.build
+  plugins. LuaRocks does not have a stable public API,
+  but since this function was returned as part of the
+  function signature, we'll revert this as a deprecated
+  function, to be removed in LuaRocks 4.0. No other
+  reverts are planned for the sake of restoring private APIs.
+## LuaRocks 0.3.1
+> Released 18/Dec/2007
+* Improved search: results now feature separate lists for source and binary rocks.
+* Windows support for the "module" build type (using Visual Studio).
+* Many assorted bugfixes.
+## LuaRocks 0.3
+> ReleA
+## LuaRocks 3.12.0
+> Released 05/Jun/2025
+LuaRocks 3.12.0 marks the transition of the implementation of the tool from
+Lua to Teal! This was implemented by Victor Ilchev as his Google Summer of
+Code project.
+### What's new
+* Transition entire implementation from Lua to Teal!
+* `luarocks upload`: include .src.rock file when given.
+* Various Windows fixes:
+  * Prioritize `bin` over `lib` for `LUA_LIBDIR` on Windows.
+  * `luarocks upload`: Accept Windows-style paths when sending
+    multipart data. (#1687)
+  * Update pe-parser to 0.6.
+  * Fix `LUA_LIBDIR` for MSVC installations. (#1744)
+  * Fixed make check for msys2 mingw system. (#1745)
+  * Override default C compiler to `cc.exe` on MSYS2 (#1754)
+  * Allow Lua C modules to be uninstalled on MSYS2. (#1756)
+  * Cygwin fixes for `external_deps_patterns` and
+    `runtime_external_deps_patterns`. (#1782)
+* Only create binary wrapper for Lua scripts. (#1738)
+* Project dir initialized via `luarocks init` has higher
+  precedence than `local_by_default` configuration. (#1682)
+* add `LUA_VERSION` build variable for rockspecs.
+* Rockspec format addition, feature-gated with
+  `rockspec_format = "3.1`:
+  * add build variables for rockspecs with the directories
+    of its dependencies: `<DEPENDENCY_NAME>_ROCKDIR`.
+* Avoid overwriting CMake variables from rockspec.
+* Allow loading JSON-formatted manifest, to circumvent
+  a LuaJIT bug when loading Lua files.
+* Various other minor fixes.
 ## What's new in LuaRocks 3.11.1
+> Released 31/May/2024
 * Fixes:
  * normalize namespace names to lowercase when performing
    dependency resolution, to match CLI behavior
@@ -10,8 +73,11 @@
  * Fix behavior of luarocks.lock file when dealing
    with dependencies
 ## What's new in LuaRocks 3.11.0
+> Released 13/Mar/2024
 * Features:
  * `luarocks build` and `luarocks install` no longer rebuild
    or reinstall if the version is already installed
@@ -45,8 +111,11 @@
    * install.bat sets LUALIB.
    * Improved help for `luarocks path`.
 ## What's new in LuaRocks 3.10.0
+> Released 27/Feb/2024
 * Features:
  * Introduce file-based locking for concurrent access
    control. Previously, LuaRocks would produce undefined behavior
@@ -117,8 +186,11 @@
  * Don't use floats to parse Lua version number.
  * Various fixes related to path normalization.
 ## What's new in LuaRocks 3.9.2
+> Released 08/Dec/2022
 * Configuration now honors typical compiler environment variables
  for all build backends:
  * `MAKE`, `CC`, `AR`, `RANLIB` on Unix
@@ -137,8 +209,11 @@
  * `persist.save_from_table`: ensure directory exists when
    saving a file
 ## What's new in LuaRocks 3.9.1
+> Released 01/Jul/2022
 * Fixed error message when Lua library is not found
 * Fixed build of Windows binary
 * A couple of minor feature additions:
@@ -153,6 +228,8 @@
 ## What's new in LuaRocks 3.9.0
+> Released 17/Apr/2022
 * `builtin` build mode now always respects CC, CFLAGS and LDFLAGS
 * Check that lua.h version matches the desired Lua version
 * Check that the version of the Lua C library matches the desired Lua version
@@ -170,8 +247,11 @@
 * LuaRocks test suite now runs on Lua 5.4 and LuaJIT
 * Internal dependencies of standalone LuaRocks executable were bumped
 ## What's new in LuaRocks 3.8.0
+> Released 08/Nov/2021
 * Support GitHub's protocol security changes transparently.
  * The raw git:// protocol will stop working on GitHub. LuaRocks already
    supports git+https:// as an alternative, but to avoid having to update
@@ -192,8 +272,11 @@
  * Revert the use of `Everyone` back to `*S-1-1-0`
  * Quote the use of the `%USERNAME%` variable to support names with spaces
 ## What's new in LuaRocks 3.7.0
+> Released 13/Apr/2021
 * Improved connectivity resiliency
  * LuaRocks can now use mirrors for downloading rocks even if downloading
    the manifest from the main server succeeds.
@@ -219,8 +302,11 @@
 * Fixes an issue on Windows where it would incorrectly revoke permissions
  from the current user when installing
 ## What's new in LuaRocks 3.6.0
+> Released 30/Mar/2021
 * Adds a double-check step to verify that all files from a rock are installed
 * Improve resilience of the manifest reader to deal with manifests
  written with older versions of LuaRocks lower than 3.0
@@ -245,8 +331,11 @@
 * Luacheck now runs on the LuaRocks CI
 * Distributed binaries are built using Lua 5.3
 ## What's new in LuaRocks 3.5.0
+> Released 10/Dec/2020
 This is a small release:
 * Added support for MSYS2 and Mingw-w64
@@ -254,9 +343,10 @@ This is a small release:
 * Fixes a bug where `--verbose` raised an exception with a nil argument
 * Added proper error messages when lua.h is invalid
 ## What's new in LuaRocks 3.4.0
+> Released 25/Sep/2020
 ### Features
 * `luarocks make` now supports `--only-deps`
@@ -301,6 +391,8 @@ This is a small release:
 ## What's new in LuaRocks 3.3.1
+> Released 07/Feb/2020
 This is a bugfix release:
 * Fix downgrades of rocks containing directories: stop it
@@ -310,6 +402,8 @@ This is a bugfix release:
 ## What's new in LuaRocks 3.3.0
+> Released 28/Jan/2020
 ### Features
 * **Dependency pinning**
@@ -362,8 +456,11 @@ This is a bugfix release:
 * Windows: fix generation of temporary filenames (#1058)
 * Windows: force `.lib` over `.dll` extension when resolving `LUALIB`
 ## What's new in LuaRocks 3.2.1
+> Released 05/Sep/2019
 * fix installation of LuaRocks via rockspec (`make bootstrap` and
 `luarocks install`): correct a problem in the initialization of the
 luarocks.fs module and its interaction with the cfg module.
@@ -374,8 +471,11 @@ luarocks.fs module and its interaction with the cfg module.
 luarocks.cmd.external modules
 * correct override of config values via CLI flags
 ## What's new in LuaRocks 3.2.0
+> Released 28/Aug/2019
 LuaRocks 3.2.0 now uses argument parsing based on argparse
 instead of a homegrown parser. This was implemented by Paul
 Ouellette as his Google Summer of Code project, mentored by
@@ -399,23 +499,35 @@ package.cpath as well
 * install.bat: Improved detection for Visual Studio 2017 and higher
 * Bundled LuaSec in all-in-one binary bumped to version 0.8.1
 ## What's new in LuaRocks 3.1.3
+> Released 06/Jun/2019
 This is another bugfix release, that incldes a couple of fixes,
 including better Lua detection, and fixes specific to MacOS and
 FreeBSD.
 ## What's new in LuaRocks 3.1.2
+> Released 07/May/2019
 This is again a small fix release.
 ## What's new in LuaRocks 3.1.1
+> Released 06/May/2019
 This is a hotfix release fixing an issue that affected initialization
 in some scenarios.
 ## What's new in LuaRocks 3.1.0
+> Released 30/Apr/2019
 ### More powerful `luarocks config`
 The `luarocks config` command used to only list the current
@@ -473,19 +585,28 @@ longer complains with a warning message if the home cache cannot be
 created (it just uses a temporary dir instead). And of course, the
 release includes multiple bugfixes.
 ## What's new in LuaRocks 3.0.4
+> Released 30/Oct/2018
 * Fork-free platform detection at startup
 * Improved detection of the default rockspec in commands such as `luarocks test`
 * Various minor bugfixes
 ## What's new in LuaRocks 3.0.3
+> Released 15/Sep/2018
 LuaRocks 3.0.3 is a minor bugfix release, fixing a regression in
 luarocks.loader introduced in 3.0.2.
 ## What's new in LuaRocks 3.0.2
+> Released 07/Sep/2018
 * Improvements in luarocks init, new --reset flag
 * write_rockspec: --lua-version renamed to --lua-versions
 * Improved behavior in module autodetection
@@ -498,6 +619,8 @@ characters (should fix the libstdc++ issue when installing xml)
 ## What's new in LuaRocks 3.0.1
+> Released 14/Aug/2018
 * Numerous bugfixes including:
   * Handle missing global `arg`
   * Fix umask behavior
@@ -519,8 +642,11 @@ for that project
 support and an uninstall rule
 * Autodetect FreeBSD-style include paths (/usr/include/lua5x/)
 ## What's new in LuaRocks 3.0.0
+> Released 25/Jul/2018
 - [New rockspec format](#new-rockspec-format)
 - [New commands](#new-commands), including [luarocks init](https://github.com/luarocks/luarocks/wiki/Project:-LuaRocks-per-project-workflow) for per-project workflows
 - [New flags](#new-flags), including `--lua-dir` and `--lua-version` for using multiple Lua installs with a single LuaRocks
@@ -704,3 +830,526 @@ overhauled, making use of LuaRocks 3 features to greatly simplify them:
 * New internal objects for representing interaction with the repostories:
  `luarocks.queries` and `luarocks.results`
 * Type checking rules of file formats were moved into the `luarocks.type` namespace.
+## LuaRocks 2.4.4
+> Released 12/Mar/2018
+* Do not halt a package deletion process when a file from the package is missing
+* Updated bundled binaries in Windows package: Lua 5.1.5, Wget 1.19.4, 7zip 18.01
+* Updated Windows installer to better handle gcc toolchains
+* Fix detection of directories on Windows
+* Fixes .def generation on Windows
+## LuaRocks 2.4.3
+> Released 12/Sep/2017
+* Fixed display of pathnames in `luarocks show`
+* Improved check for write permissions when installing
+* Plus assorted bugfixes and improvements
+## LuaRocks 2.4.2
+> Released 30/Nov/2016
+* Fixed conflict resolution on deploy/delete
+* Improved dependency check messages
+* Performance improvements when removing packages
+* Support user-defined `platforms` array in config file
+* Improvements in Lua interpreter version detection in Unix configure script
+* Relaxed Lua version detection to improve support for alternative implementations (e.g. Ravi)
+* Plus assorted bugfixes and improvements
+## LuaRocks 2.4.1
+> Released 06/Oct/2016
+* Avoid coroutine use in luarocks.loader
+* Fix upgrade issues for very old versions
+## LuaRocks 2.4.0
+> Released 08/Sep/2016
+* New test suite based on Busted; runs on Linux, OSX and Windows
+* git+ssh:// fetch protocol
+* Improved behavior preserving permissions
+* Improved listing of dependencies on installation
+* Improved behavior of argument handling in `pack`
+* MSYS and Haiku platform detection
+* Feature-based detection of internal bit32 and utf8 modules
+* Internal reorganization of luarocks.fs code
+* `remove` option --force=fast renamed to --force-fast
+* Plus assorted bugfixes and cleanups
+## LuaRocks 2.3.0
+> Released 09/Jan/2016
+* Windows: major redesign of the install tree structure
+* Windows: Auto setup of MSVC environments
+* Improve error messages when tools are not installed
+* CMake: generate 64-bit builds when appropriate
+* Improve check of location of config files
+* MacOSX: set MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET using env
+* Remove --extensions flag; use rockspec_format instead
+* New `luarocks config` command to query configuration
+* Improved UI for messages when external deps are missing
+* Unix: Robustness improvement in configure script
+* Plus tweaks and bugfixes. See the changelog for details.
+## LuaRocks 2.2.2
+> Released 24/Apr/2015
+* `luarocks build --only-deps` and `luarocks install --only-deps` for installing dependencies only
+* Mercurial support
+* Improved command-line argument parser, now validates arguments (it previously ignored unrecognized arguments) and accepts both `--flag=option` and `--flag option` in flags that take arguments.
+* For consistency with `luarocks show`, `luarocks doc --homepage` is now `luarocks doc --home`
+* Improvements to CMake build backend
+* Improved Makefiles for handling simultaneous bootstrapped installations
+* Various bugfixes
+## LuaRocks 2.2.1
+> Released 17/Mar/2015
+* Improved compatibility with Lua 5.3
+* `luarocks list --outdated` for listing modules with available upgrades
+* Assorted bugfixes
+## LuaRocks 2.2.0
+> Released 15/Aug/2014
+* MoonRocks is the new default repository: http://rocks.moonscript.org - Rocks don't need to be sent to the LuaRocks mailing list anymore, you can upload them directly at the website or using...
+* ...`luarocks upload` command for uploading rocks to MoonRocks via the command-line
+* Preliminary support for Lua 5.3
+* No longer uses the module() function, for Lua 5.2 installations built without Lua 5.1 compatibility
+* --branch flag for `luarocks build` and `luarocks make`
+* various improvements in `luarocks doc` command
+* "git+http" transport for source.url
+## LuaRocks 2.1.2
+> Released 10/Jan/2014
+* major improvements in the Windows install.bat script. Now installs by default on standard Windows locations, while the old self-contained all-under-one-dir installation is still supported through an option flag. The documentation at luarocks.org didn't catch up with it yet, so please refer to "install /?" for instructions.
+* a new command, "luarocks doc <module>" that tries to find any installed documentation. Due to the lack of documentation standards for Lua, this uses a few heuristics. Feedback on the feature is appreciated.
+* a rocks_provided configuration entry in which you can preload dependencies that are already fulfulled in your system; a few defaults are included (bit32 is auto-provided in Lua 5.2; luabitop is auto-provided in LuaJIT)
+* generated script wrappers are now more robust
+* Graceful handling of permission errors on Windows
+* Minor performance improvements
+* Support for "named trees", so you can label your rocks trees and use flags such as --tree=system  or --tree=user instead of the full path
+* "luarocks" with no arguments presents more useful diagnostics
+* Improved Lua detection in Unix installer
+* plus assorted bugfixes
+## LuaRocks 2.1.1
+> Released 29/Oct/2013
+* Remote manifests are now compressed and locally cached, making commands faster
+* New command "write_rockspec" which generates rockspec file templates
+* detection of multiarch directories on Linux
+* environment and performance improvements on Windows
+* New --force=fast option for `luarocks remove`
+* New --local-tree flag for `luarocks-admin make-manifest`
+* Improved error checking
+* plus assorted bugfixes
+## LuaRocks 2.1.0
+> Released 09/Aug/2013
+* accesses manifest-{5.1,5.2} in remote servers to provide properly filtered results for Lua 5.1 or 5.2
+* Remove old versions when installing a new one and old versions are no longer needed to honor dependencies.
+* `make bootstrap` is now an advertised option for installing LuaRocks itself as a rock on Unix systems
+* `luarocks purge --old-versions` for cleaning up a local tree
+* --keep flag to produce the old behavior of keeping old versions around (can be made permanent setting keep_old_versions=true in the config file)
+* security config options `accepted_build_types` and `hooks_enabled`
+* `lua_version` is now available as a global for your config.lua
+* new flags --lr-path, --lr-cpath, --lr-bin for `luarocks path` for use in scripts
+* friendlier error messages
+* plus bugfixes
+## LuaRocks 2.0.13
+> Released 16/Apr/2013
+* Support for Lua 5.2 is no longer marked as experimental
+* Support for installing two instances of LuaRocks, for Lua 5.1 and 5.2, in parallel
+* Improvements for the `builtin` build mode on Windows
+* rclauncher on Windows does not rely on a precompiled object anymore
+* Improvements for the Windows installer, including optional registry entries for context-menu operations
+* Improvements in `luarocks new_version` command for autogenerating updated rockspecs
+* `luarocks remove` command accepts rock and rockspec filenames
+## LuaRocks 2.0.12
+> Released 05/Nov/2012
+* "Dependencies mode" selection to configure how to work with multiple local trees
+* New command "purge" that erases a local tree
+* --porcelain flag for "list" and "search"
+* More consistent user-agent reporting
+* Code cleanups, removal of dead code
+* Fixes regressions on Mac and Windows
+## LuaRocks 2.0.11
+> Released 21/Sep/2012
+* Work around LuaSocket crash when given proxy URLs without the scheme part
+* Save manifest file in a single fs operation to make it more atomic
+* Fix tree loading order on luarocks.loader with multiple trees
+* Fix detection of write permissions
+* Improve dependency detection using configurable patterns, now a file like "libfoo.so.1" satisfies "libfoo.so"
+* --bin flag for "luarocks path" command, exports $PATH
+* Support for mirrors in the rocks_servers list, default list of mirrors included
+* Avoid using Lua modules internally on Windows, to avoid file system locking
+* Add NetBSD support
+* Rename luarocks.rep to luarocks.repos
+* Fail gracefully on the absence of cmake, on cmake build mode
+* New command "lint", to check the syntax of a rockspec
+* Fix builtin build mode on Mac OSX < 10.5
+* Improve configure tests for Debian-based platforms
+## LuaRocks 2.0.10
+> Released 12/Jul/2012
+* Fix fetching Git tags/branches
+* Fix strictness issue with parameter of io.open
+* Builtin mode sets rpath when compiling on Unix
+* Use full path in $(LUA) when configured with --with-lua
+* Cleanup of .svn dir in svn-based rocks
+* Improvement for `make bootstrap`
+## LuaRocks 2.0.9
+> Released 31/May/2012
+* Experimental support for Lua 5.2 (auto-detection and explicit --lua-version flag in configure)
+* Solaris support and BSD fixes
+* --nodeps flag for forced installation without dependencies
+* "new_version" command to streamline writing of updated rockspecs
+* Improved handling of LUAROCKS_SYSCONFIG variable
+* Clickable URLs in descriptions in rocks repo index.html
+* Nicer-looking persisted tables
+* Assorted bugfixes
+## LuaRocks 2.0.8
+> Released 29/Feb/2012
+* Fix in CMake build backend
+* Fix handling error condition of --pack-binary-rock
+* Fixes for Windows .bat installer
+* Improved arch detection when packing binary rocks
+* Workaround LuaPosix 5.1.15 problem with chmod()
+* Proper error messages when config files are invalid
+* Avoid checking permissions when it's not necessary
+* Fix behavior of `builtin` rocks which install init.lua scripts
+* git+file:// pseudoprotocol for local Git repos
+* New binaries from GnuWin32 shipped in Win32 zip
+* Nicer-looking help
+## LuaRocks 2.0.7.1
+> Released 10/Jan/2012
+* Fix installation of files in build operation
+* Deprecate --to and --from, use --server and --tree instead
+* Improved documentation, thanks to LDoc
+## LuaRocks 2.0.7
+> Released 10/Dec/2011
+* Quieter git checkout
+* --only-sources flag to restrict download of sources from a single domain
+* Copy entries to bin/ with proper permissions
+* Fix --pack-binary-rock and add support for it in "luarocks make" as well
+* Isolate references to "5.1" to luarocks.cfg module
+* More logical names for flags: --tree, --server
+* Improved documentation
+## LuaRocks 2.0.6
+> Released 04/Oct/2011
+* Fixes for rockspecs missing `description` or the contents of `source.url`
+* Escape fixes for LuaJIT/Metalua
+* Support for building a rock without installing it
+* Site-local configuration is now at luarocks.site_config
+* Support for Mercurial
+* Flag for experimental extensions
+* Plus assorted bugfixes
+## LuaRocks 2.0.5
+> Released 17/Aug/2011
+* External commands are overridable through variables or config.lua
+* No longer uses print() - output goes to stdout, errors to stderr
+* Handle redirects between http (LuaSocket) and https (LuaSec)
+* Avoid relying on the $PWD variable
+* Code cleanups
+## LuaRocks 2.0.4.1
+> Released 17/Jan/2011
+* Minor bugfix release
+## LuaRocks 2.0.4
+> Released 23/Dec/2010
+* Command "remove" for luarocks-admin
+* Check for write permissions in repository and suggest --local
+* Remove .git from source tree when downloading from Git
+* Display of external dependencies in index.html
+* OpenBSD support
+* More thorough search for external libraries
+* Normalize paths to fix behavior when LFS is used under Windows
+* Add HTTPS support using LuaSec when using LuaSocket, for consistency
+* Better propagation of error messages
+* Stable sort of persisted files such as manifests
+* Plus assorted bugfixes
+## LuaRocks 2.0.3
+> Released 14/Sep/2010
+* Check for permissions and warn user instead of just installing in local tree
+* --local flag for operations on the local tree
+* -fPIC is always set in CFLAGS exported to makefiles
+* respect permissions when copying files in Unix systems
+* display license after build/installation
+* svn:// protocol for scm rockspecs
+* "luarocks list" and "luarocks search" are now case-insensitive
+* "luarocks-admin add" supports adding multiple files at once
+* "luarocks-admin add" supports rsync for download and upload and scp for upload
+* new command: "luarocks show" displays information about an installed rock
+* new command: "luarocks path" to make it easy to export Lua env variables
+* plus assorted bugfixes
+## LuaRocks 2.0.2
+> Released 01/Apr/2010
+* use LuaSocket if available for downloading files
+* use LuaZip if available for unzipping files
+* MinGW support in builtin build backend
+* updated installation files for Windows, including a LuaForWindows-compatible package
+## LuaRocks 2.0.1
+> Released 27/Oct/2009
+* luarocks.cfg is no longer edited during installation; a separate site-local luarocks.config module is created.
+* robustness fixes and improvements for luarocks.add
+* cleanup of configure options and references to the old LuaForge URLs
+* install LuaRocks as a rock
+* plus assorted bugfixes
+## LuaRocks 2.0
+> Released 17/Oct/2009
+* module files are now deployed to standard Lua-style paths
+* new package loader module luarocks.loader, superseding the require()-override module luarocks.require
+* new abstraction system for file system operations: the OS-specific back-ends for luarocks.fs were split between native-Lua and tool-based implementations
+* new format for local manifest
+* new command for luarocks: "download", to fetch .rock and .rockspec files
+* new commands for luarocks-admin: "add", to upload rocks to a repository, and "refresh_cache", to refresh the cache used by the "add" command
+* plus a number of cleanups and bugfixes
+## LuaRocks 1.0.1
+> Released 13/Mar/2009
+* Improve portability in usage of Unix tools
+* Allow use of local rocks servers in the --from flag
+* Improve detection of external libraries on Mac OSX
+* Fix build of the `builtin` backend under Windows
+* Support for the `md5` binary as a MD5 checker
+## LuaRocks 1.0
+> Released 01/Sep/2008
+* Add support for post-install hooks
+* Path helper scripts for binaries on Windows systems.
+* Git support, contributed by Thomas Harning.
+* Improve shell compatibility for different Unix systems.
+* Add the @ operator for no-upgrade dependencies.
+* Add check for rockspec version format.
+* Generate index.html when building a manifest for a repository.
+* Plus assorted bugfixes.
+## LuaRocks 0.6
+> Released 30/Jun/2008
+* Check external deps on binary installs. Allow rockspecs to specify supported platforms. Support platform-agnostic specification of external deps files.  Allow overriding external deps subdirs.
+* Structured build systems in subdirectories.
+* Smarter check to decide if a rock is pure Lua or not, also checking bin/
+* Restructuring of fs code.
+* Modularized fetch code to support multiple SCMs.
+* Added specific support for `doc` directory in rockspecs. Auto-install files in `lua` in builtin builds.
+* Support for Surround SCM, contributed by Ignacio Burgueño.
+* "module" build type renamed to "builtin"; "cvs_tag" and "cvs_module" renamed to "tag" and "module". Old names still supported for compatibility for now, to be cleaned up by 1.0.
+* Plus many bugfixes.
+## LuaRocks 0.5.2
+> Released 13/May/2008
+* Fixes problems with removal of read-only files on Windows
+* Fixes issues with external libraries on the `module` build type on Windows
+* Fixes the --only-from flag
+* Renames the luarocks.config module to luarocks.cfg avoiding conflict's with the user configuration file config.lua
+## LuaRocks 0.5.1
+> Released 25/Apr/2008
+* Added function get_rock_from_module in luarocks.require, allowing apps to inspect which rock they're getting modules from.
+* Added variables LUA, LIB_EXTENSION and OBJ_EXTENSION, now available for rockspec authors.
+* Assorted bugfixes, especially for the Windows package.
+* Build system improvements: add DESTDIR variable to makefile to make things easier for distros packaging LuaRocks.
+## LuaRocks 0.5
+> Released 03/Apr/2008
+* New flags in the ./configure on Unix (see configure --help) and install.bat on Windows (see install.bat /?)
+* Support for multiple local repositories. By extension, LuaRocks features more intuitive configuration defaults (it installs rocks to $PREFIX/lib/luarocks if you have the permission, and to $HOME/.luarocks if you don't).
+* Flags --from=_server_, --only-from=_server_ and --to=_tree_, to allow specifying exactly where to get rocks from and where to install them to.
+* The manifest file now stores dependency info -- luarocks.require no longer scans rockspec files.
+* `unpack` command allows unpacking binary and pure-Lua rocks, for inspecting.
+* Plus assorted bugfixes.
+## LuaRocks 0.4.3
+> Released 03/Mar/2008
+* The MD5 check feature added in 0.4.2 can now use openssl instead of md5sum (making LuaRocks friendlier to OSX).
+* Added a license file in the tarball (making LuaRocks friendlier to Debian).
+* Plus assorted bugfixes.
+## LuaRocks 0.4.2
+> Released 09/Feb/2008
+* Support .lua files directly in the URL field.
+* Perform check of MD5 checksum in sources.
+* Accept plain strings in all fields of the source table of the "module" build type.
+* Bugfixes.
+## LuaRocks 0.4.1
+> Released 25/Jan/2008
+* New configure/install.bat flags for setting scripts dir and local repository dir.
+* "unpack" command now supports rockspec files as well.
+* Complete code documentation.
+* Many assorted bugfixes.
+## LuaRocks 0.4
+> Released 18/Jan/2008
+* Adds the "unpack" command for debugging rocks (.src.rock only at this point).
+* Support curl as an alternative downloader for OSX, removing the dependency on wget.
+* Support for installing non-Lua entries in bin/ dirs.
+* Support for specifying libdirs, incdirs, libraries and defines in "module"-type builds.
+* x86_64 support, by Brian Hetro.
+* FreeBSD support, by Matthew M. Burke.
+* Performance improvements.
+* Many assorted bugfixes.
+## LuaRocks 0.3.2
+> Released 21/Dec/2007
+* Support for patching and inclusion of extra files (such as Makefiles) through a rockspec.
+* Support "platforms" overrides table for dependencies, external dependencies and source URLs.
+* Many assorted bugfixes.
+## LuaRocks 0.3.1
+> Released 18/Dec/2007
+* Improved search: results now feature separate lists for source and binary rocks.
+* Windows support for the "module" build type (using Visual Studio).
+* Many assorted bugfixes.
+## LuaRocks 0.3
+> Released 04/Dec/2007
+* Includes Windows package.
+* Adds the "module" build type.
+* Performance improvements.
+## LuaRocks 0.2
+> Released 23/Oct/2007
+* Bugfixes and improvements to build infrastructure.
+* Adds the LuaRocks "remove" command.
+## LuaRocks 0.1
+> Released 09/Aug/2007
+* Initial release.
diff --git a/binary/Makefile.windows b/binary/Makefile.windows
index e749cb00..4d7ce243 100644
--- a/binary/Makefile.windows
+++ b/binary/Makefile.windows
@@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ MINGW_SYSROOT=/usr/lib/mingw-w64-sysroot/$(MINGW_PREFIX)
 OPENSSL_PLATFORM=mingw
 # Versions of dependencies
 LIBLUA_VERSION=5.4.3
-OPENSSL_VERSION=1.0.2o
+OPENSSL_VERSION=1.1.1w
 ZLIB_VERSION=1.3.1
-BZIP2_VERSION=1.0.6
+BZIP2_VERSION=1.0.8
 WINDOWS_DEPS_DIR=windows-deps-$(MINGW_PREFIX)
 BUILD_WINDOWS_DEPS_DIR=build-windows-deps-$(MINGW_PREFIX)
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ $(WINDOWS_DEPS_DIR)/lib/libz.a: $(BUILD_WINDOWS_DEPS_DIR)/zlib-$(ZLIB_VERSION)
 $(BUILD_WINDOWS_DEPS_DIR)/bzip2-$(BZIP2_VERSION).tar.gz:
        mkdir -p $(@D)
-        cd $(BUILD_WINDOWS_DEPS_DIR) && curl -OL http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/bzip2/bzip2-$(BZIP2_VERSION).tar.gz
+        cd $(BUILD_WINDOWS_DEPS_DIR) && curl -OL https://sourceware.org/pub/bzip2/bzip2-$(BZIP2_VERSION).tar.gz
 $(BUILD_WINDOWS_DEPS_DIR)/bzip2-$(BZIP2_VERSION): $(BUILD_WINDOWS_DEPS_DIR)/bzip2-$(BZIP2_VERSION).tar.gz
        cd $(BUILD_WINDOWS_DEPS_DIR) && tar zxvpf bzip2-$(BZIP2_VERSION).tar.gz
 $(WINDOWS_DEPS_DIR)/lib/libbz2.a: $(BUILD_WINDOWS_DEPS_DIR)/bzip2-$(BZIP2_VERSION)
diff --git a/configure b/configure
index 4c86cb36..cc3e9dab 100755
--- a/configure
+++ b/configure
@@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ do
 done
 echo
-BLUE "Configuring LuaRocks version dev..."
+BLUE "Configuring LuaRocks version 3.12.2..."
 echo
 echo
diff --git a/docs/creating_a_makefile_that_plays_nice_with_luarocks.md b/docs/creating_a_makefile_that_plays_nice_with_luarocks.md
index d6d43a6b..a6187659 100644
--- a/docs/creating_a_makefile_that_plays_nice_with_luarocks.md
+++ b/docs/creating_a_makefile_that_plays_nice_with_luarocks.md
@@ -16,18 +16,19 @@ For building:
 * `CFLAGS` - flags for the C compiler
 * `LIBFLAG` - the flags needed for the linker to create shared libraries
-* `LUA_LIBDIR` - where to find the lua libraries
+* `LUA_LIBDIR` - where to find the Lua libraries
-* `LUA_BINDIR` - where to find the lua binary
+* `LUA_BINDIR` - where to find the Lua binary
-* `LUA_INCDIR` - where to find the lua headers
+* `LUA_INCDIR` - where to find the Lua headers
-* `LUALIB` - the name of the lua library. This is not available nor needed on all platforms.
+* `LUALIB` - the name of the Lua library. This is not available nor needed on all platforms.
-* `LUA` - the name of the lua interpreter
+* `LUA` - the name of the Lua interpreter
+* `LUA_VERSION` - the version of Lua
 For installing:
 * `PREFIX` - basic installation prefix for the module
 * `BINDIR` - where to put user callable programs or scripts
-* `LIBDIR` - where to put the shared libraries
+* `LIBDIR` - where to put the shared libraries implementing modules
-* `LUADIR` - where to put the lua files
+* `LUADIR` - where to put the Lua scripts implementing modules
 * `CONFDIR` - where to put your modules configuration
 Most of these variables point immediately where you'd expect them to, but
diff --git a/docs/creating_a_rock.md b/docs/creating_a_rock.md
index 1d42b07f..a5441ea4 100644
--- a/docs/creating_a_rock.md
+++ b/docs/creating_a_rock.md
@@ -148,6 +148,14 @@ and `5.3`, but not yet-to-be-released `5.4`. There are a few other operators
 for specifying version constraints, see
 [Rockspec format](rockspec_format.md#dependency-information).
+Rockspecs from [`rockspec_format = "3.1"`](rockspec_format.md#package-metadata)),
+have access to special variables with the path of the installed rocks of its
+dependencies. See the [section below](#including-documentation-and-other-files)
+for information on how rocks can include files in their installation. Each
+variable is the name of the dependency followed by the suffix `_ROCKDIR`. For
+the example above, variable `LUAKNIFE_ROCKDIR` will be provided with the path of
+the installed rock.
 #### C modules linking to external libraries
 *If your code does not use third-party libraries, you may skip this subsection.*
diff --git a/docs/download.md b/docs/download.md
index 9413ed10..b580ff8a 100644
--- a/docs/download.md
+++ b/docs/download.md
@@ -1,17 +1,11 @@
 # Download
-# Downloading 
+# Downloading
-Latest release: **LuaRocks 3.11.1** - '31/May/2024'
+* [Releases](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/)
+* [Changelog](../CHANGELOG.md)
-* [Tarball for Unix](https://luarocks.org/releases/luarocks-3.11.1.tar.gz)
+# Installing
-* [Windows all-in-one executable (32-bit)](https://luarocks.org/releases/luarocks-3.11.1-windows-32.zip)
-* [Windows all-in-one executable (64-bit)](https://luarocks.org/releases/luarocks-3.11.1-windows-64.zip)
-* [other files](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/)
-For release notes and older versions, see the [release history](release_history.md).
-# Installing 
 * [Installation instructions for Unix](installation_instructions_for_unix.md) (Linux, BSDs, etc.)
 * [Installation instructions for macOS](installation_instructions_for_macos.md)
@@ -25,7 +19,7 @@ package already includes them and a binary of Lua, as a convenience.
 Once LuaRocks is installed, make sure to read the
 [Documentation](index.md) for more information!
-# The bleeding edge 
+# The bleeding edge
 Development is done using Git. To get the latest development sources, run:
diff --git a/docs/index.md b/docs/index.md
index 075593e7..f4d60b49 100644
--- a/docs/index.md
+++ b/docs/index.md
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@
      * [luarocks-admin refresh cache](luarocks_admin_refresh_cache.md)
      * [luarocks-admin remove](luarocks_admin_remove.md)
-  * [Release history](release_history.md)
+  * [Release history](../CHANGELOG.md)
 * [Credits](credits.md)
 * [License](license.md)
diff --git a/docs/luarocks.md b/docs/luarocks.md
index 6338743b..99dff011 100644
--- a/docs/luarocks.md
+++ b/docs/luarocks.md
@@ -2,101 +2,66 @@
 **luarocks** is the command-line interface for LuaRocks, the Lua package manager.
-# Usage
+## Usage
 ```
 luarocks [--server=<server> | --only-server=<server>] [--tree=<tree>] [--only-sources=<url>] [--deps-mode=<mode>] [<VAR>=<VALUE>]... <command> [<argument>]
 ```
-Variables from the "variables" table of the [configuration file](config_file_format.md) can be overriden with VAR=VALUE assignments.
+Variables from the "variables" table of the [configuration file](config_file_format.md) can be overridden with `VAR=VALUE` assignments.
-{|
+### Options
-| --server=_server_ || Fetch rocks/rockspecs from this server (takes priority over config file)
-|-
-| --only-server=_server_ || Fetch rocks/rockspecs from this server only (overrides any entries in the config file)
-|-
-| --only-sources=_url_ || Restrict downloads of sources to URLs starting with the given URL. For example, --only-sources=https://luarocks.org will allow LuaRocks to download sources only if the URL given in the rockspec starts with https://luarocks.org .
-|-
-| --tree=_tree_ || Which tree to operate on.
-|-
-| --local || Use the tree in the user's home directory. To enable it, see `[luarocks path](luarocks_path.md)`
-|-
-| --deps-mode=_mode_ || Select dependencies mode:
-How to handle the list of rocks servers given in the rocks_servers array in the [config file](config_file_format.md).
+- `--server=<server>`: Fetch rocks/rockspecs from this server (takes priority over config file).
+- `--only-server=<server>`: Fetch rocks/rockspecs from this server only (overrides any entries in the config file).
+- `--only-sources=<url>`: Restrict downloads of sources to URLs starting with the given URL. For example, `--only-sources=https://luarocks.org` will allow LuaRocks to download sources only if the URL given in the rockspec starts with `https://luarocks.org`.
+- `--tree=<tree>`: Which tree to operate on.
+- `--local`: Use the tree in the user's home directory. To enable it, see [`luarocks path`](luarocks_path.md).
+- `--deps-mode=<mode>`: Select dependencies mode:
+  - **one**: Consider only the tree at the top of the list (possibly, the one given by the `--tree` flag, overriding all entries from `rocks_trees`).
+  - **all**: Consider all trees: if a dependency is installed in any tree of the `rocks_trees` list, we have a positive match.
+  - **order**: Consider only trees starting from the "current" one in the order, where the "current" is either:
+    - the one at the bottom of the `rocks_trees` list,
+    - or one explicitly given with `--tree`,
+    - or the "home" tree if `--local` was given or `local_by_default=true` is configured (usually at the top of the list).
+- `--verbose`: Display verbose output of commands executed.
+- `--timeout`: Timeout on network operations, in seconds. `0` means no timeout (wait forever). Default is `30`.
-* **one** - Consider only the tree at the top of the list (possibly, the one given by the --tree flag, overriding all entries from rocks_trees), ignore all others
+---
-* **all** - Consider all trees: if a dependency is installed in any tree of the rocks_trees list, we have a positive match.
-* **order** - Consider only trees starting from the "current" one in the order, where the "current" is either:
-  * the one at the bottom of the rocks_trees list,
-  * or one explicitly given with --tree
-  * or the "home" tree if --local was given or local_by_default=true is configured (usually at the top of the list)
-|-
-| --verbose || Display verbose output of commands executed.
-|-
-| --timeout || Timeout on network operations, in seconds.  0 means no timeout (wait forever). Default is 30.
-|}
-# Supported commands
+## Supported Commands
-{|
+- **[build](luarocks_build.md)**: Build/compile and install a rock.
-| [build](luarocks_build.md)   || Build/compile and install a rock.
+- **[doc](luarocks_doc.md)**: Shows documentation for an installed rock.
-|-
+- **[download](luarocks_download.md)**: Download a specific rock or rockspec file from a rocks server.
-| [doc](luarocks_doc.md)     || Shows documentation for an installed rock.
+- **[help](luarocks_help.md)**: Help on commands.
-|-
+- **[install](luarocks_install.md)**: Install a rock.
-| [download](luarocks_download.md)|| Download a specific rock or rockspec file from a rocks server.
+- **[lint](luarocks_lint.md)**: Check syntax of a rockspec.
-|-
+- **[list](luarocks_list.md)**: Lists currently installed rocks.
-| [help](luarocks_help.md)    || Help on commands.
+- **[config](luarocks_config.md)**: Query and set the LuaRocks configuration.
-|-
+- **[make](luarocks_make.md)**: Compile package in the current directory using a rockspec and install it.
-| [install](luarocks_install.md) || Install a rock.
+- **[new_version](luarocks_new_version.md)**: Auto-write a rockspec for a new version of a rock.
-|-
+- **[pack](luarocks_pack.md)**: Create a rock, packing sources or binaries.
-| [lint](luarocks_lint.md)    || Check syntax of a rockspec.
+- **[path](luarocks_path.md)**: Return the currently configured package path.
-|-
+- **[purge](luarocks_purge.md)**: Remove all installed rocks from a tree.
-| [list](luarocks_list.md)    || Lists currently installed rocks.
+- **[remove](luarocks_remove.md)**: Uninstall a rock.
-|-
+- **[search](luarocks_search.md)**: Query the LuaRocks repositories.
-| [config](luarocks_config.md)  || Query and set the LuaRocks configuration.
+- **[test](luarocks_test.md)**: Run the test suite in the current directory.
-|-
+- **[show](luarocks_show.md)**: Shows information about an installed rock.
-| [make](luarocks_make.md)    || Compile package in current directory using a rockspec and install it.
+- **[unpack](luarocks_unpack.md)**: Unpack the contents of a rock.
-|-
+- **[upload](luarocks_upload.md)**: Upload a rockspec to the public rocks repository.
-| [new_version](luarocks_new_version.md) || Auto-write a rockspec for a new version of a rock.
+- **[write_rockspec](luarocks_write_rockspec.md)**: Write a template for a rockspec file.
-|-
-| [pack](luarocks_pack.md)    || Create a rock, packing sources or binaries.
-|-
-| [path](luarocks_path.md)    || Return the currently configured package path.
-|-
-| [purge](luarocks_purge.md)   || Remove all installed rocks from a tree.
-|-
-| [remove](luarocks_remove.md)  || Uninstall a rock.
-|-
-| [search](luarocks_search.md)  || Query the LuaRocks repositories.
-|-
-| [test](luarocks_test.md)    || Run the test suite in the current directory.
-|-
-| [show](luarocks_show.md)    || Shows information about an installed rock.
-|-
-| [unpack](luarocks_unpack.md)  || Unpack the contents of a rock.
-|-
-| [upload](luarocks_upload.md)  || Upload a rockspec to the public rocks repository.
-|-
-| [write_rockspec](luarocks_write_rockspec.md)  || Write a template for a rockspec file.
-|}
-# Overview of the difference between "make", "build", "install" and "pack"
+---
-{|
-| luarocks install modulename || downloads a binary .rock file and installs it to the local tree (falls back to "luarocks build modulename" behavior if a binary rock is not found)
-|-
-| luarocks build modulename || downloads a .src.rock or a rockspec and builds+installs it to the local tree.
-|-
-| luarocks build modulename-1.0-1.linux-x86.rock || extracts the rockspec from the rock and builds it as if the rockspec was passed in the command-line (i.e., redownloading sources and recompiling C modules if any).
-|-
-| luarocks build modulename-1.0-1.rockspec || builds+installs the rock using the given rockspec downloading the sources
-|-
-| luarocks make modulename-1.0-1.rockspec || builds+installs the rock using the rockspec using the contents of your current directory (kind of like the way make uses a Makefile) instead of downloading sources
-|-
-| luarocks pack modulename || grabs the rock from your local tree and packs it into a binary .rock file
-|-
-| luarocks pack modulename-1.0-1.rockspec || downloads the sources from the url and packs it into a .src.rock file
-|}
+## Overview of the Difference Between `make`, `build`, `install`, and `pack`
+| Command                                   | Description                                                                                     |
+|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
+| `luarocks install modulename`             | Downloads a binary `.rock` file and installs it to the local tree (falls back to `luarocks build modulename` behavior if a binary rock is not found). |
+| `luarocks build modulename`               | Downloads a `.src.rock` or a rockspec and builds+installs it to the local tree.                 |
+| `luarocks build modulename-1.0-1.linux-x86.rock` | Extracts the rockspec from the rock and builds it as if the rockspec was passed in the command-line (i.e., redownloading sources and recompiling C modules if any). |
+| `luarocks build modulename-1.0-1.rockspec` | Builds+installs the rock using the given rockspec, downloading the sources.                    |
+| `luarocks make modulename-1.0-1.rockspec` | Builds+installs the rock using the rockspec and the contents of your current directory (kind of like the way `make` uses a Makefile) instead of downloading sources. |
+| `luarocks pack modulename`                | Grabs the rock from your local tree and packs it into a binary `.rock` file.                   |
+| `luarocks pack modulename-1.0-1.rockspec` | Downloads the sources from the URL and packs it into a `.src.rock` file.                       |
diff --git a/docs/release_history.md b/docs/release_history.md
deleted file mode 100644
index 52c61893..00000000
--- a/docs/release_history.md
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,597 +0,0 @@
-# Release history
-**Version 3.11.1** - 31/May/2024 - [Source tarball for Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.11.1.tar.gz) -
-[Windows binary (32-bit)](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.11.1-windows-32.zip) -
-[Windows binary (64-bit)](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.11.1-windows-64.zip) -
-[Linux binary (x86_64)](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.11.1-linux-x86_64.zip) -
-[other files](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/)
-**Version 3.11.0** - 13/Mar/2024 - [Source tarball for Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.11.0.tar.gz) -
-[Windows binary (32-bit)](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.11.0-windows-32.zip) -
-[Windows binary (64-bit)](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.11.0-windows-64.zip) -
-[Linux binary (x86_64)](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.11.0-linux-x86_64.zip) -
-[other files](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/)
-**Version 3.10.0** - 27/Feb/2024 - [Source tarball for Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.10.0.tar.gz) -
-[Windows binary (32-bit)](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.10.0-windows-32.zip) -
-[Windows binary (64-bit)](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.10.0-windows-64.zip) -
-[Linux binary (x86_64)](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.10.0-linux-x86_64.zip) -
-[other files](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/)
-**Version 3.9.2** - 08/Dec/2022 - [Source tarball for Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.9.2.tar.gz) -
-[Windows binary (32-bit)](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.9.2-windows-32.zip) -
-[Windows binary (64-bit)](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.9.2-windows-64.zip) -
-[Linux binary (x86_64)](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.9.2-linux-x86_64.zip) -
-[other files](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/)
-**Version 3.9.1** - 01/Jul/2022 - [Source tarball for Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.9.1.tar.gz) -
-[Windows binary (32-bit)](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.9.1-windows-32.zip) -
-[Windows binary (64-bit)](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.9.1-windows-64.zip) -
-[Linux binary (x86_64)](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.9.1-linux-x86_64.zip) -
-[other files](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/)
-**Version 3.9.0** - 17/Apr/2022 - [Source tarball for Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.9.0.tar.gz) -
-[Windows binary (32-bit)](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.9.0-windows-32.zip) -
-[Windows binary (64-bit)](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.9.0-windows-64.zip) -
-[Linux binary (x86_64)](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.9.0-linux-x86_64.zip) -
-[other files](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/)
-* `builtin` build mode now always respects CC, CFLAGS and LDFLAGS
-* Check that lua.h version matches the desired Lua version
-* Check that the version of the Lua C library matches the desired Lua version
-* Fixed deployment of non-wrapped binaries
-* Fixed crash when `--lua-version` option is malformed
-* Fixed help message for `--pin` option
-* Unix: use native methods and don't always rely on $USER to determine user
-* Windows: use native CLI tooling more
-* macOS: support .tbd extension when checking for libraries
-* macOS: add XCode SDK path to search paths
-* macOS: add best-effort heuristic for library search using Homebrew paths
-* macOS: avoid quoting issues with LIBFLAG
-* macOS: deployment target is now 11.0 on macOS 11+
-* added DragonFly BSD support
-* LuaRocks test suite now runs on Lua 5.4 and LuaJIT
-* Internal dependencies of standalone LuaRocks executable were bumped
-**Version 3.8.0** - 08/Nov/2021 - [Source tarball for Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.8.0.tar.gz) -
-[Windows binary (32-bit)](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.8.0-windows-32.zip) -
-[Windows binary (64-bit)](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.8.0-windows-64.zip) -
-[Linux binary (x86_64)](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.8.0-linux-x86_64.zip) -
-[other files](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/)
-**Version 3.7.0** - 13/Apr/2021 - [Source tarball for Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.7.0.tar.gz) -
-[Windows binary (32-bit)](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.7.0-windows-32.zip) -
-[Windows binary (64-bit)](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.7.0-windows-64.zip) -
-[Linux binary (x86_64)](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.7.0-linux-x86_64.zip) -
-[other files](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/)
-**Version 3.6.0** - 30/Mar/2021 - [Source tarball for Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.6.0.tar.gz) -
-[Windows binary (32-bit)](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.6.0-windows-32.zip) -
-[Windows binary (64-bit)](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.6.0-windows-64.zip) -
-[Linux binary (x86_64)](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.6.0-linux-x86_64.zip) -
-[other files](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/)
-**Version 3.5.0** - 10/Dec/2020 - [Source tarball for Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.5.0.tar.gz) -
-[Windows binary (32-bit)](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.5.0-windows-32.zip) -
-[Windows binary (64-bit)](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.5.0-windows-64.zip) -
-[Linux binary (x86_64)](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.5.0-linux-x86_64.zip) -
-[other files](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/)
-**Version 3.4.0** - 25/Sep/2020 - [Source tarball for Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.4.0.tar.gz) -
-[Windows binary (32-bit)](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.4.0-windows-32.zip) -
-[Windows binary (64-bit)](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.4.0-windows-64.zip) -
-[Linux binary (x86_64)](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.4.0-linux-x86_64.zip) -
-[other files](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/)
-* `luarocks make` now supports `--only-deps`
-* `luarocks make` new flag: `--no-install`, which only performs the compilation step
-* `--deps-only` is now an alias for `--only-deps` (useful in case you always kept getting it wrong, like me!)
-* `luarocks build` and `luarocks make` now support using `--pin` and `--only-deps` at the same time, to produce a lock file of dependencies in use without installing the main package.
-* `luarocks show` can now accept a substring of the rock's name, like `list`.
-* `luarocks config`: when running without system-wide permissions, try storing the config locally by default. Also, if setting both lua_dir and --lua-version explicitly, auto-switch the default Lua version.
-* `luarocks` with no arguments now prints more info about the location of the Lua interpreter which is being used
-* `luarocks new_version` now keeps the old URL if the MD5 doesn't change.
-* `DEPS_DIR` is now accepted as a generic variable for dependency directories (e.g. `luarocks install foo DEPS_DIR=/usr/local`)
-* Handle quoting of arguments at the application level, for improved Windows support
-* All-in-one binary bundles `dkjson`, so it runs `luarocks upload` without requiring any additional dependencies.
-* Tweaks for Terra compatibility
-* win32: generate proper temp filename
-* No longer assume that Lua 5.3 is built with compat libraries and bundles `bit32`
-* `luarocks show`: do not crash when rockspec description is empty
-* When detecting the location of `lua.h`, check that its version matches the version of Lua being used
-* Fail gracefully when a third-party tool (wget, etc.) is missing
-* Fix logic for disabling mirrors that return network errors
-* Fix detection of Lua path based on arg variable
-* Fix regression on dependency matching of luarocks.loader
-**Version 3.3.1** - 07/Feb/2020 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.3.1.tar.gz) -
-[Windows all-in-one executable (32-bit)](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.3.1-windows-32.zip) -
-[Windows all-in-one executable (64-bit)](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.3.1-windows-64.zip) -
-[other files](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/)
-* Fix downgrades of rocks containing directories: stop it from creating spurious 0-byte files where directories have been
-* Fix error message when attempting to copy a file that is missing
-* Detect OpenBSD-specific dependency paths
-**Version 3.3.0** - 28/Jan/2020 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.3.0.tar.gz) -
-[Windows all-in-one executable](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.3.0-windows-32.zip) -
-[other files](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/)
-**Version 3.2.1** - 05/Sep/2019 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.2.1.tar.gz) -
-[Windows all-in-one executable](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.2.1-windows-32.zip) -
-[other files](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/)
-**Version 3.2.0** - 28/Aug/2019 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.2.0.tar.gz) -
-[Windows all-in-one executable](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.2.0-windows-32.zip) - [other files](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases)
-* Bugfix: luarocks path does not change the order of pre-existing path items when prepending or appending to path variables
-* Bugfix: fix directory detection on the Mac
-* When building with --force-config, LuaRocks now never uses the "project" directory, but only the forced configuration
-* Lua libdir is now only checked for commands/platforms that really need to link Lua explicitly
-* LuaJIT is now detected dynamically
-* RaptorJIT is now detected as a LuaJIT variant
-* Improvements in Lua autodetection at runtime
-* luarocks new_version: new option --dir
-* luarocks which: report modules found via package.path and package.cpath as well
-* install.bat: Improved detection for Visual Studio 2017 and higher
-* Bundled LuaSec in all-in-one binary bumped to version 0.8.1
-**Version 3.1.3** - 06/Jun/2019 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.1.3.tar.gz) -
-[Windows all-in-one executable](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.1.3-windows-32.zip)
-**Version 3.1.2** - 07/May/2019 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.1.2.tar.gz) -
-[Windows all-in-one executable](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.1.2-windows-32.zip)
-**Version 3.1.1** - 06/May/2019 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.1.1.tar.gz) -
-[Windows all-in-one executable](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.1.1-windows-32.zip)
-**Version 3.1.0** - 30/Apr/2019 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.1.0.tar.gz) - 
-[Windows all-in-one executable](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.1.0-windows-32.zip)
-* config: add git-like modes for setting and inspecting configuration
-* make: run rockspec patches on first `luarocks make` run and use a lockfile to avoid double patching
-* persist selected Lua version when setting `luarocks config lua_version 5.x`
-* new flag --global for overriding local_by_default = true
-* do not complain if home cache cannot be created (use temp dir instead)
-* caching improvements for increased performance
-* project-based workflow: if ./.luarocks/config-5.x.lua exists, assume Lua 5.x
-* install, pack, build, make: new flags --sign and --verify (using GPG)
-* install: new flag --no-doc
-* Improve Lua paths auto-detection
-* Various bugfixes
-**Version 3.0.4** - 30/Oct/2018 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.0.4.tar.gz) - 
-[Windows all-in-one executable](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.0.4-windows-32.zip)
-* Fork-free platform detection at startup
-* Improved detection of the default rockspec in commands such as `luarocks test`
-* Various minor bugfixes
-**Version 3.0.3** - 15/Sep/2018 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.0.3.tar.gz) - 
-[Windows all-in-one executable](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.0.3-windows-32.zip)
-* Minor bugfixes
-**Version 3.0.2** - 07/Sep/2018 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.0.2.tar.gz) - 
-[Windows all-in-one executable](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.0.2-windows-32.zip)
-* Improvements in luarocks init, new --reset flag
-* write_rockspec: --lua-version renamed to --lua-versions
-* Improved behavior in module autodetection
-* Bugfixes in luarocks show
-* Fix upgrade/downgrade when a single rock has clashing module filenames
-* Fix for autodetected external dependencies with non-alphabetic characters
-**Version 3.0.1** - 14/Aug/2018 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.0.1.tar.gz) - 
-[Windows all-in-one executable](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.0.1-windows-32.zip)
-* Numerous bugfixes
-* Store Lua location in config file, so that a user can run `luarocks init --lua-dir=/my/lua/location` and have that location remain active for that project
-* Various improvements to the Unix makefile, including $(DESTDIR) support and an uninstall rule
-* Autodetect FreeBSD-style include paths (/usr/include/lua5x/)
-**Version 3.0.0** - 25/Jul/2018 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.0.0.tar.gz) - 
-[Windows batch installer](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-3.0.0-win32.zip)
-* New rockspec format
-* New commands, including `luarocks init` for per-project workflows
-* New flags, including `--lua-dir` and `--lua-version` for using multiple Lua installs with a single LuaRocks
-* New build system, gearing towards a new distribution model
-* General improvements, including namespaces
-* User-visible changes, including some breaking changes
-* Internal changes
-**Version 2.4.4** - 12/Mar/2018 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.4.4.tar.gz) - 
-[Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.4.4-win32.zip)
-* Do not halt a package deletion process when a file from the package is missing
-* Updated bundled binaries in Windows package: Lua 5.1.5, Wget 1.19.4, 7zip 18.01
-* Updated Windows installer to better handle gcc toolchains
-* Fix detection of directories on Windows
-* Fixes .def generation on Windows
-**Version 2.4.3** - 12/Sep/2017 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.4.3.tar.gz) - 
-[Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.4.3-win32.zip)
-* Fixed display of pathnames in `luarocks show`
-* Improved check for write permissions when installing
-* Plus assorted bugfixes and improvements
-**Version 2.4.2** - 30/Nov/2016 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.4.2.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.4.2-win32.zip)
-* Fixed conflict resolution on deploy/delete
-* Improved dependency check messages
-* Performance improvements when removing packages
-* Support user-defined `platforms` array in config file
-* Improvements in Lua interpreter version detection in Unix configure script
-* Relaxed Lua version detection to improve support for alternative implementations (e.g. Ravi)
-* Plus assorted bugfixes and improvements
-**Version 2.4.1** - 06/Oct/2016 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.4.1.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.4.1-win32.zip)
-* Avoid coroutine use in luarocks.loader
-* Fix upgrade issues for very old versions
-**Version 2.4.0** - 08/Sep/2016 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.4.0.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.4.0-win32.zip)
-* New test suite based on Busted; runs on Linux, OSX and Windows
-* git+ssh:// fetch protocol
-* Improved behavior preserving permissions
-* Improved listing of dependencies on installation
-* Improved behavior of argument handling in `pack`
-* MSYS and Haiku platform detection
-* Feature-based detection of internal bit32 and utf8 modules
-* Internal reorganization of luarocks.fs code
-* `remove` option --force=fast renamed to --force-fast
-* Plus assorted bugfixes and cleanups
-**Version 2.3.0** - 09/Jan/2016 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.3.0.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.3.0-win32.zip)
-* Windows: major redesign of the install tree structure
-* Windows: Auto setup of MSVC environments
-* Improve error messages when tools are not installed
-* CMake: generate 64-bit builds when appropriate
-* Improve check of location of config files
-* MacOSX: set MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET using env
-* Remove --extensions flag; use rockspec_format instead
-* New `luarocks config` command to query configuration
-* Improved UI for messages when external deps are missing
-* Unix: Robustness improvement in configure script
-* Plus tweaks and bugfixes. See the changelog for details.
-**Version 2.2.2** - 24/Apr/2015 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.2.2.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.2.2-win32.zip)
-* `luarocks build --only-deps` and `luarocks install --only-deps` for installing dependencies only
-* Mercurial support
-* Improved command-line argument parser, now validates arguments (it previously ignored unrecognized arguments) and accepts both `--flag=option` and `--flag option` in flags that take arguments.
-* For consistency with `luarocks show`, `luarocks doc --homepage` is now `luarocks doc --home`
-* Improvements to CMake build backend
-* Improved Makefiles for handling simultaneous bootstrapped installations
-* Various bugfixes
-**Version 2.2.1** - 17/Mar/2015 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.2.1.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.2.1-win32.zip)
-* Improved compatibility with Lua 5.3
-* `luarocks list --outdated` for listing modules with available upgrades
-* Assorted bugfixes
-**Version 2.2.0** - 15/Aug/2014 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.2.0.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.2.0-win32.zip)
-* MoonRocks is the new default repository: http://rocks.moonscript.org - Rocks don't need to be sent to the LuaRocks mailing list anymore, you can upload them directly at the website or using...
-* ...`luarocks upload` command for uploading rocks to MoonRocks via the command-line
-* Preliminary support for Lua 5.3
-* No longer uses the module() function, for Lua 5.2 installations built without Lua 5.1 compatibility
-* --branch flag for `luarocks build` and `luarocks make`
-* various improvements in `luarocks doc` command
-* "git+http" transport for source.url
-**Version 2.1.2** - 10/Jan/2014 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.1.2.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.1.2-win32.zip)
-* major improvements in the Windows install.bat script. Now installs by default on standard Windows locations, while the old self-contained all-under-one-dir installation is still supported through an option flag. The documentation at luarocks.org didn't catch up with it yet, so please refer to "install /?" for instructions.
-* a new command, "luarocks doc <module>" that tries to find any installed documentation. Due to the lack of documentation standards for Lua, this uses a few heuristics. Feedback on the feature is appreciated.
-* a rocks_provided configuration entry in which you can preload dependencies that are already fulfulled in your system; a few defaults are included (bit32 is auto-provided in Lua 5.2; luabitop is auto-provided in LuaJIT)
-* generated script wrappers are now more robust
-* Graceful handling of permission errors on Windows
-* Minor performance improvements
-* Support for "named trees", so you can label your rocks trees and use flags such as --tree=system  or --tree=user instead of the full path
-* "luarocks" with no arguments presents more useful diagnostics
-* Improved Lua detection in Unix installer
-* plus assorted bugfixes
-**Version 2.1.1** - 29/Oct/2013 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.1.1.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.1.1-win32.zip)
-* Remote manifests are now compressed and locally cached, making commands faster
-* New command "write_rockspec" which generates rockspec file templates
-* detection of multiarch directories on Linux
-* environment and performance improvements on Windows
-* New --force=fast option for 'luarocks remove'
-* New --local-tree flag for 'luarocks-admin make-manifest'
-* Improved error checking
-* plus assorted bugfixes
-**Version 2.1.0** - 09/Aug/2013 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.1.0.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.1.0-win32.zip)
-* accesses manifest-{5.1,5.2} in remote servers to provide properly filtered results for Lua 5.1 or 5.2
-* Remove old versions when installing a new one and old versions are no longer needed to honor dependencies.
-* 'make bootstrap' is now an advertised option for installing LuaRocks itself as a rock on Unix systems
-* 'luarocks purge --old-versions' for cleaning up a local tree
-* --keep flag to produce the old behavior of keeping old versions around (can be made permanent setting keep_old_versions=true in the config file)
-* security config options 'accepted_build_types' and 'hooks_enabled'
-* 'lua_version' is now available as a global for your config.lua
-* new flags --lr-path, --lr-cpath, --lr-bin for 'luarocks path' for use in scripts
-* friendlier error messages
-* plus bugfixes
-**Version 2.0.13** - 16/Apr/2013 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.0.13.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.0.13-win32.zip)
-* Support for Lua 5.2 is no longer marked as experimental
-* Support for installing two instances of LuaRocks, for Lua 5.1 and 5.2, in parallel
-* Improvements for the 'builtin' build mode on Windows
-* rclauncher on Windows does not rely on a precompiled object anymore
-* Improvements for the Windows installer, including optional registry entries for context-menu operations
-* Improvements in 'luarocks new_version` command for autogenerating updated rockspecs
-* 'luarocks remove' command accepts rock and rockspec filenames
-**Version 2.0.12** - 05/Nov/2012 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.0.12.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.0.12-win32.zip)
-* "Dependencies mode" selection to configure how to work with multiple local trees
-* New command "purge" that erases a local tree
-* --porcelain flag for "list" and "search"
-* More consistent user-agent reporting
-* Code cleanups, removal of dead code
-* Fixes regressions on Mac and Windows
-**Version 2.0.11** - 21/Sep/2012 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.0.11.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.0.11-win32.zip)
-* Work around LuaSocket crash when given proxy URLs without the scheme part
-* Save manifest file in a single fs operation to make it more atomic
-* Fix tree loading order on luarocks.loader with multiple trees
-* Fix detection of write permissions
-* Improve dependency detection using configurable patterns, now a file like "libfoo.so.1" satisfies "libfoo.so"
-* --bin flag for "luarocks path" command, exports $PATH
-* Support for mirrors in the rocks_servers list, default list of mirrors included
-* Avoid using Lua modules internally on Windows, to avoid file system locking
-* Add NetBSD support
-* Rename luarocks.rep to luarocks.repos
-* Fail gracefully on the absence of cmake, on cmake build mode
-* New command "lint", to check the syntax of a rockspec
-* Fix builtin build mode on Mac OSX < 10.5
-* Improve configure tests for Debian-based platforms
-**Version 2.0.10** - 12/Jul/2012 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.0.10.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.0.10-win32.zip)
-* Fix fetching Git tags/branches 
-* Fix strictness issue with parameter of io.open
-* Builtin mode sets rpath when compiling on Unix
-* Use full path in $(LUA) when configured with --with-lua
-* Cleanup of .svn dir in svn-based rocks
-* Improvement for 'make bootstrap'
-**Version 2.0.9** - 31/May/2012 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.0.9.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.0.9-win32.zip)
-* Experimental support for Lua 5.2 (auto-detection and explicit --lua-version flag in configure)
-* Solaris support and BSD fixes
-* --nodeps flag for forced installation without dependencies
-* "new_version" command to streamline writing of updated rockspecs
-* Improved handling of LUAROCKS_SYSCONFIG variable
-* Clickable URLs in descriptions in rocks repo index.html
-* Nicer-looking persisted tables
-* Assorted bugfixes
-**Version 2.0.8** - 29/Feb/2012 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.0.8.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.0.8-win32.zip)
-* Fix in CMake build backend
-* Fix handling error condition of --pack-binary-rock
-* Fixes for Windows .bat installer
-* Improved arch detection when packing binary rocks
-* Workaround LuaPosix 5.1.15 problem with chmod()
-* Proper error messages when config files are invalid
-* Avoid checking permissions when it's not necessary
-* Fix behavior of 'builtin' rocks which install init.lua scripts
-* git+file:// pseudoprotocol for local Git repos
-* New binaries from GnuWin32 shipped in Win32 zip
-* Nicer-looking help
-**Version 2.0.7.1** - 10/Jan/2012 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.0.7.1.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.0.7.1-win32.zip)
-* Fix installation of files in build operation
-* Deprecate --to and --from, use --server and --tree instead
-* Improved documentation, thanks to LDoc
-**Version 2.0.7** - 10/Dec/2011 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.0.7.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.0.7-win32.zip)
-* Quieter git checkout
-* --only-sources flag to restrict download of sources from a single domain
-* Copy entries to bin/ with proper permissions
-* Fix --pack-binary-rock and add support for it in "luarocks make" as well
-* Isolate references to "5.1" to luarocks.cfg module
-* More logical names for flags: --tree, --server
-* Improved documentation
-**Version 2.0.6** - 04/Oct/2011 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.0.6.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.0.6-win32.zip)
-* Fixes for rockspecs missing 'description' or the contents of 'source.url'
-* Escape fixes for LuaJIT/Metalua
-* Support for building a rock without installing it
-* Site-local configuration is now at luarocks.site_config
-* Support for Mercurial
-* Flag for experimental extensions
-* Plus assorted bugfixes
-**Version 2.0.5** - 17/Aug/2011 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.0.5.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.0.5-win32.zip)
-* External commands are overridable through variables or config.lua
-* No longer uses print() - output goes to stdout, errors to stderr
-* Handle redirects between http (LuaSocket) and https (LuaSec)
-* Avoid relying on the $PWD variable
-* Code cleanups
-**Version 2.0.4.1** - 17/Jan/2011 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.0.4.1.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.0.4.1-win32.zip)
-* Minor bugfix release
-**Version 2.0.4** - 23/Dec/2010 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.0.4.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.0.4-win32.zip)
-* Command "remove" for luarocks-admin
-* Check for write permissions in repository and suggest --local
-* Remove .git from source tree when downloading from Git
-* Display of external dependencies in index.html
-* OpenBSD support
-* More thorough search for external libraries
-* Normalize paths to fix behavior when LFS is used under Windows
-* Add HTTPS support using LuaSec when using LuaSocket, for consistency
-* Better propagation of error messages
-* Stable sort of persisted files such as manifests
-* Plus assorted bugfixes
-**Version 2.0.3** - 14/Sep/2010 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.0.3.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.0.3-win32.zip)
-* Check for permissions and warn user instead of just installing in local tree
-* --local flag for operations on the local tree
-* -fPIC is always set in CFLAGS exported to makefiles
-* respect permissions when copying files in Unix systems
-* display license after build/installation
-* svn:// protocol for scm rockspecs
-* "luarocks list" and "luarocks search" are now case-insensitive
-* "luarocks-admin add" supports adding multiple files at once
-* "luarocks-admin add" supports rsync for download and upload and scp for upload
-* new command: "luarocks show" displays information about an installed rock
-* new command: "luarocks path" to make it easy to export Lua env variables
-* plus assorted bugfixes
-**Version 2.0.2** - 01/Apr/2010 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.0.2.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.0.2-win32.zip)
-* use LuaSocket if available for downloading files
-* use LuaZip if available for unzipping files
-* MinGW support in builtin build backend
-* updated installation files for Windows, including a LuaForWindows-compatible package
-**Version 2.0.1** - 27/Oct/2009 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.0.1.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.0.1-win32.zip)
-* luarocks.cfg is no longer edited during installation; a separate site-local luarocks.config module is created.
-* robustness fixes and improvements for luarocks.add
-* cleanup of configure options and references to the old LuaForge URLs
-* install LuaRocks as a rock
-* plus assorted bugfixes
-**Version 2.0** - 17/Oct/2009 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.0.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-2.0-win32.zip)
-* module files are now deployed to standard Lua-style paths
-* new package loader module luarocks.loader, superseding the require()-override module luarocks.require
-* new abstraction system for file system operations: the OS-specific back-ends for luarocks.fs were split between native-Lua and tool-based implementations
-* new format for local manifest
-* new command for luarocks: "download", to fetch .rock and .rockspec files
-* new commands for luarocks-admin: "add", to upload rocks to a repository, and "refresh_cache", to refresh the cache used by the "add" command
-* plus a number of cleanups and bugfixes
-**Version 1.0.1** - 13/Mar/2009 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-1.0.1.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-1.0.1-win32.zip)
-* Improve portability in usage of Unix tools
-* Allow use of local rocks servers in the --from flag
-* Improve detection of external libraries on Mac OSX
-* Fix build of the 'builtin' backend under Windows
-* Support for the 'md5' binary as a MD5 checker
-**Version 1.0** - 01/Sep/2008 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-1.0.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-1.0-win32.zip)
-* Add support for post-install hooks
-* Path helper scripts for binaries on Windows systems.
-* Git support, contributed by Thomas Harning.
-* Improve shell compatibility for different Unix systems.
-* Add the @ operator for no-upgrade dependencies.
-* Add check for rockspec version format.
-* Generate index.html when building a manifest for a repository.
-* Plus assorted bugfixes.
-**Version 0.6** - 30/Jun/2008 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-0.6.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-0.6-win32.zip)
-* Check external deps on binary installs. Allow rockspecs to specify supported platforms. Support platform-agnostic specification of external deps files.  Allow overriding external deps subdirs.
-* Structured build systems in subdirectories.
-* Smarter check to decide if a rock is pure Lua or not, also checking bin/
-* Restructuring of fs code.
-* Modularized fetch code to support multiple SCMs.
-* Added specific support for 'doc' directory in rockspecs. Auto-install files in 'lua' in builtin builds.
-* Support for Surround SCM, contributed by Ignacio Burgueño.
-* "module" build type renamed to "builtin"; "cvs_tag" and "cvs_module" renamed to "tag" and "module". Old names still supported for compatibility for now, to be cleaned up by 1.0.
-* Plus many bugfixes.
-**Version 0.5.2** - 13/May/2008 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-0.5.2.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-0.5.2-win32.zip)
-* Fixes problems with removal of read-only files on Windows
-* Fixes issues with external libraries on the 'module' build type on Windows
-* Fixes the --only-from flag
-* Renames the luarocks.config module to luarocks.cfg avoiding conflict's with the user configuration file config.lua
-**Version 0.5.1** - 25/Apr/2008 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-0.5.1.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-0.5.1-win32.zip)
-* Added function get_rock_from_module in luarocks.require, allowing apps to inspect which rock they're getting modules from.
-* Added variables LUA, LIB_EXTENSION and OBJ_EXTENSION, now available for rockspec authors.
-* Assorted bugfixes, especially for the Windows package.
-* Build system improvements: add DESTDIR variable to makefile to make things easier for distros packaging LuaRocks.
-**Version 0.5** - 03/Apr/2008 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-0.5.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-0.5-win32.zip)
-* New flags in the ./configure on Unix (see configure --help) and install.bat on Windows (see install.bat /?)
-* Support for multiple local repositories. By extension, LuaRocks features more intuitive configuration defaults (it installs rocks to $PREFIX/lib/luarocks if you have the permission, and to $HOME/.luarocks if you don't).
-* Flags --from=_server_, --only-from=_server_ and --to=_tree_, to allow specifying exactly where to get rocks from and where to install them to.
-* The manifest file now stores dependency info -- luarocks.require no longer scans rockspec files.
-* 'unpack' command allows unpacking binary and pure-Lua rocks, for inspecting.
-* Plus assorted bugfixes.
-**Version 0.4.3** - 03/Mar/2008 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-0.4.3.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-0.4.3-win32.zip)
-* The MD5 check feature added in 0.4.2 can now use openssl instead of md5sum (making LuaRocks friendlier to OSX).
-* Added a license file in the tarball (making LuaRocks friendlier to Debian).
-* Plus assorted bugfixes.
-**Version 0.4.2** - 09/Feb/2008 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-0.4.2.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-0.4.2-win32.zip)
-* Support .lua files directly in the URL field.
-* Perform check of MD5 checksum in sources.
-* Accept plain strings in all fields of the source table of the "module" build type.
-* Bugfixes.
-**Version 0.4.1** - 25/Jan/2008 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-0.4.1.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-0.4.1-win32.zip)
-* New configure/install.bat flags for setting scripts dir and local repository dir.
-* "unpack" command now supports rockspec files as well.
-* Complete code documentation.
-* Many assorted bugfixes.
-**Version 0.4** - 18/Jan/2008 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-0.4.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-0.4-win32.zip)
-* Adds the "unpack" command for debugging rocks (.src.rock only at this point).
-* Support curl as an alternative downloader for OSX, removing the dependency on wget.
-* Support for installing non-Lua entries in bin/ dirs.
-* Support for specifying libdirs, incdirs, libraries and defines in "module"-type builds.
-* x86_64 support, by Brian Hetro.
-* FreeBSD support, by Matthew M. Burke.
-* Performance improvements.
-* Many assorted bugfixes.
-**Version 0.3.2** - 21/Dec/2007 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-0.3.2.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-0.3.2-win32.zip)
-* Support for patching and inclusion of extra files (such as Makefiles) through a rockspec.
-* Support "platforms" overrides table for dependencies, external dependencies and source URLs.
-* Many assorted bugfixes.
-**Version 0.3.1** - 18/Dec/2007 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-0.3.1.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-0.3.1-win32.zip)
-* Improved search: results now feature separate lists for source and binary rocks.
-* Windows support for the "module" build type (using Visual Studio).
-* Many assorted bugfixes.
-**Version 0.3** - 04/Dec/2007 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-0.3.tar.gz) - [Windows](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-0.3-win32.zip)
-* Includes Windows package.
-* Adds the "module" build type.
-* Performance improvements.
-**Version 0.2** - 23/Oct/2007 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-0.2.tar.gz)
-* Bugfixes and improvements to build infrastructure.
-* Adds the LuaRocks "remove" command.
-**Version 0.1** - 09/Aug/2007 - [All Unix](https://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/luarocks-0.1.tar.gz)
-* Initial release.
diff --git a/install.bat b/install.bat
index 07b06d61..6dd71125 100644
--- a/install.bat
+++ b/install.bat
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ local vars = {}
 vars.PREFIX = nil
-vars.VERSION = "3.0"
+vars.VERSION = "3.12"
 vars.SYSCONFDIR = nil
 vars.CONFBACKUPDIR = nil
 vars.SYSCONFFILENAME = nil
diff --git a/luarocks-dev-1.rockspec b/luarocks-3.12.2-1.rockspec
index 677b07cf..728854cb 100644
--- a/luarocks-dev-1.rockspec
+++ b/luarocks-3.12.2-1.rockspec
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 rockspec_format = "3.0"
 package = "luarocks"
-version = "dev-1"
+version = "3.12.2-1"
 source = {
   url = "git+https://github.com/luarocks/luarocks",
+   tag = "v3.12.2",
 }
 description = {
   summary = "A package manager for Lua modules.",
diff --git a/makedist b/makedist
index 8b65a62e..0d136478 100755
--- a/makedist
+++ b/makedist
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 if ! [ "$1" ]
 then
-   echo "usage: $0 <version> <lua54dir>"
+   echo "usage: $0 <version> <lua54dir> [branch] [binary] [sign]"
   exit 1
 fi
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ shift || {
   exit 1
 }
-if ! [ -d "$lua54dir" ]
+if ! [ -d "$lua54dir" -a -d "$lua54dir/lib" ]
 then
   echo "Second argument must be the Lua 5.4 prefix."
   exit 1
diff --git a/publishrelease b/publishrelease
index 808202e4..98717bc9 100755
--- a/publishrelease
+++ b/publishrelease
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
   echo "example...: $0 3.1.1"
   echo
   echo "Before running this, make sure the packages were built:"
-   echo "   makedist 3.1.1 /opt/lua54/ binary sign"
+   echo "   makedist 3.1.1 /opt/lua54/ branch binary sign"
   echo "And the tag was merged:"
   echo "   mergerelease 3.1.1"
   echo
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ gawk '
      print "\"'$v'\": {"
      print "\"date\": \"'$(date +'%Y-%m-%d')'\","
      print "\"files\": [\"luarocks-'$v'.tar.gz\", \"luarocks-'$v'.tar.gz.asc\", \"luarocks-'$v'-win32.zip\", \"luarocks-'$v'-win32.zip.asc\", \"luarocks-'$v'-windows-32.zip\", \"luarocks-'$v'-windows-32.zip.asc\", \"luarocks-'$v'-windows-64.zip\", \"luarocks-'$v'-windows-64.zip.asc\", \"luarocks-'$v'-linux-x86_64.zip\", \"luarocks-'$v'-linux-x86_64.zip.asc\"],"
-      print "\"about\": []",
+      print "\"about\": []"
      print "\"source_digest\": \"'$source_digest'\""
      print "}},"
   }
@@ -170,49 +170,3 @@ confirm master
 git commit static/md/home.md -m "update front page for LuaRocks $v"
 git push
-#######################################
-# luarocks.wiki
-#######################################
-[ -e ../luarocks.wiki ] || {
-   cd ..
-   git clone ssh://git@github.com/luarocks/luarocks.wiki.git
-}
-if [ -e ../luarocks.wiki ]
-then
-   cd ../luarocks.wiki
-   git pull
-else
-   cd ..
-   git clone ssh://git@github.com/luarocks/luarocks.wiki.git
-   cd luarocks.wiki
-fi
-sed -i "s,Latest release: .*,Latest release: '''LuaRocks $v''' - '$(date +'%d/%b/%Y')'," Download.mediawiki
-sed -i "s,/luarocks-[0-9.]*[0-9],/luarocks-$v,g" Download.mediawiki
-gawk '
-BEGIN {
-   print "'\'\'\''Version '$v\'\'\'' - '$(date +'%d/%b/%Y')' - [http://luarocks.org/releases/luarocks-'$v'.tar.gz Source tarball for Unix] -"
-   print "[http://luarocks.org/releases/luarocks-'$v'-windows-32.zip Windows binary (32-bit)] -"
-   print "[http://luarocks.org/releases/luarocks-'$v'-windows-64.zip Windows binary (64-bit)] -"
-   print "[http://luarocks.org/releases/luarocks-'$v'-linux-x86_64.zip Linux binary (x86_64)] -"
-   print "[http://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases other files]"
-   print ""
-}
-// {
-   print
-}
-' "Release-history.mediawiki" > "Release-history.mediawiki.1"
-mv "Release-history.mediawiki.1" "Release-history.mediawiki"
-git add "Download.mediawiki"
-git add "Release-history.mediawiki"
-git add "Installation-instructions-for-Unix.md"
-confirm master
-git commit -av -m "Release $v"
-git push
diff --git a/spec/build_spec.lua b/spec/build_spec.lua
index 034c70d7..2e139a41 100644
--- a/spec/build_spec.lua
+++ b/spec/build_spec.lua
@@ -373,6 +373,101 @@ describe("LuaRocks build #integration", function()
      end)
   end)
+   describe("rockspec format 3.1", function()
+      it("version of Lua is not provided for old format", function()
+         test_env.run_in_tmp(function(tmpdir)
+            write_file("verify_argument.lua", string.format("assert(arg[1] == %q)", test_env.lua_version))
+            write_file("uses_luaversion_variable-3.1-11.rockspec", [[
+               package = "uses_luaversion_variable"
+               version = "3.1-11"
+               source = {
+                  url = "file://]] .. tmpdir:gsub("\\", "/") .. [[/verify_argument.lua"
+               }
+               dependencies = {
+                  "lua >= 5.1"
+               }
+               build = {
+                  type = "command",
+                  build_command = "$(LUA) verify_argument.lua $(LUA_VERSION)",
+               }
+            ]])
+            assert.is_false(run.luarocks_bool("build uses_luaversion_variable-3.1-11.rockspec"))
+         end, finally)
+      end)
+      it("version of Lua is provided as variable", function()
+         test_env.run_in_tmp(function(tmpdir)
+            write_file("verify_argument.lua", string.format("assert(arg[1] == %q)", test_env.lua_version))
+            write_file("uses_luaversion_variable-3.1-11.rockspec", [[
+               rockspec_format = "3.1"
+               package = "uses_luaversion_variable"
+               version = "3.1-11"
+               source = {
+                  url = "file://]] .. tmpdir:gsub("\\", "/") .. [[/verify_argument.lua"
+               }
+               dependencies = {
+                  "lua >= 5.1"
+               }
+               build = {
+                  type = "command",
+                  build_command = "$(LUA) verify_argument.lua $(LUA_VERSION)",
+               }
+            ]])
+            assert.is_truthy(run.luarocks_bool("build uses_luaversion_variable-3.1-11.rockspec"))
+            assert.is.truthy(run.luarocks("show uses_luaversion_variable"))
+         end, finally)
+      end)
+      it("dependency directory is not provided for old format", function()
+         test_env.run_in_tmp(function(tmpdir)
+            local rocks_tree = run.luarocks("config variables.ROCKS_TREE")
+            local rocks_path = table.concat({rocks_tree, "a_rock", "1.0-1"}, package.config:sub(1, 1))
+            write_file("verify_argument.lua", string.format("assert(arg[1] == %q)", rocks_path))
+            write_file("uses_rockdir_variable-3.1-11.rockspec", [[
+               package = "uses_rockdir_variable"
+               version = "3.1-11"
+               source = {
+                  url = "file://]] .. tmpdir:gsub("\\", "/") .. [[/verify_argument.lua"
+               }
+               dependencies = {
+                  "a_rock 1.0"
+               }
+               build = {
+                  type = "command",
+                  build_command = "$(LUA) verify_argument.lua $(A_ROCK_ROCKDIR)",
+               }
+            ]])
+            assert.is_false(run.luarocks_bool("build uses_rockdir_variable-3.1-11.rockspec"))
+         end, finally)
+      end)
+      it("dependency directory is provided as variable", function()
+         test_env.run_in_tmp(function(tmpdir)
+            local rocks_tree = run.luarocks("config variables.ROCKS_TREE")
+            local rocks_path = table.concat({rocks_tree, "a_rock", "1.0-1"}, package.config:sub(1, 1))
+            write_file("verify_argument.lua", string.format("assert(arg[1] == %q)", rocks_path))
+            write_file("uses_rockdir_variable-3.1-11.rockspec", [[
+               rockspec_format = "3.1"
+               package = "uses_rockdir_variable"
+               version = "3.1-11"
+               source = {
+                  url = "file://]] .. tmpdir:gsub("\\", "/") .. [[/verify_argument.lua"
+               }
+               dependencies = {
+                  "a_rock 1.0"
+               }
+               build = {
+                  type = "command",
+                  build_command = "$(LUA) verify_argument.lua $(A_ROCK_ROCKDIR)",
+               }
+            ]])
+            assert.is_truthy(run.luarocks_bool("build uses_rockdir_variable-3.1-11.rockspec"))
+            assert.is.truthy(run.luarocks("show uses_rockdir_variable"))
+         end, finally)
+      end)
+   end)
   describe("#mock external dependencies", function()
      lazy_setup(function()
         test_env.setup_specs(nil, "mock")
diff --git a/src/luarocks/build/cmake.lua b/src/luarocks/build/cmake.lua
index ea132a3e..b9954cf4 100644
--- a/src/luarocks/build/cmake.lua
+++ b/src/luarocks/build/cmake.lua
@@ -27,11 +27,6 @@ function cmake.run(rockspec, no_install)
   local build = rockspec.build
   local variables = build.variables or {}
-   variables.CMAKE_MODULE_PATH = os.getenv("CMAKE_MODULE_PATH")
-   variables.CMAKE_LIBRARY_PATH = os.getenv("CMAKE_LIBRARY_PATH")
-   variables.CMAKE_INCLUDE_PATH = os.getenv("CMAKE_INCLUDE_PATH")
   util.variable_substitutions(variables, rockspec.variables)
   local ok, err_msg = fs.is_tool_available(rockspec.variables.CMAKE, "CMake")
diff --git a/src/luarocks/build/cmake.tl b/src/luarocks/build/cmake.tl
index 9a512d1e..35e64bd6 100644
--- a/src/luarocks/build/cmake.tl
+++ b/src/luarocks/build/cmake.tl
@@ -27,11 +27,6 @@ function cmake.run(rockspec: Rockspec, no_install: boolean): boolean, string, st
   local build = rockspec.build as cmake.CMakeBuild
   local variables = build.variables or {}
-   -- Pass Env variables
-   variables.CMAKE_MODULE_PATH=os.getenv("CMAKE_MODULE_PATH")
-   variables.CMAKE_LIBRARY_PATH=os.getenv("CMAKE_LIBRARY_PATH")
-   variables.CMAKE_INCLUDE_PATH=os.getenv("CMAKE_INCLUDE_PATH")
   util.variable_substitutions(variables, rockspec.variables)
   local ok, err_msg = fs.is_tool_available(rockspec.variables.CMAKE, "CMake")
diff --git a/src/luarocks/cmd/upload.lua b/src/luarocks/cmd/upload.lua
index 755dd4e7..e4319bb1 100644
--- a/src/luarocks/cmd/upload.lua
+++ b/src/luarocks/cmd/upload.lua
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-local _tl_compat; if (tonumber((_VERSION or ''):match('[%d.]*$')) or 0) < 5.3 then local p, m = pcall(require, 'compat53.module'); if p then _tl_compat = m end end; local string = _tl_compat and _tl_compat.string or string
+local _tl_compat; if (tonumber((_VERSION or ''):match('[%d.]*$')) or 0) < 5.3 then local p, m = pcall(require, 'compat53.module'); if p then _tl_compat = m end end; local math = _tl_compat and _tl_compat.math or math; local string = _tl_compat and _tl_compat.string or string
 local upload = { Response = { version = {} } }
@@ -132,7 +132,8 @@ function upload.command(args)
         return nil, "Invalid response from server."
      end
      util.printout(("Sending " .. tostring(rock_fname) .. " ..."))
-      res, err = api:method("upload_rock/" .. ("%d"):format(res.version.id), nil, {
+      local id = math.tointeger(res.version.id)
+      res, err = api:method("upload_rock/" .. ("%d"):format(id), nil, {
         rock_file = multipart.new_file(rock_fname),
         rock_sig = rock_sigfname and multipart.new_file(rock_sigfname),
      })
diff --git a/src/luarocks/cmd/upload.tl b/src/luarocks/cmd/upload.tl
index 5b6e3314..a12b30c0 100644
--- a/src/luarocks/cmd/upload.tl
+++ b/src/luarocks/cmd/upload.tl
@@ -132,7 +132,8 @@ function upload.command(args: Args): boolean, string, string
         return nil, "Invalid response from server."
      end
      util.printout(("Sending " .. tostring(rock_fname) .. " ..."))
-      res, err = api:method("upload_rock/" .. ("%d"):format(res.version.id), nil, {
+      local id = math.tointeger(res.version.id)
+      res, err = api:method("upload_rock/" .. ("%d"):format(id), nil, {
         rock_file = multipart.new_file(rock_fname),
         rock_sig = rock_sigfname and multipart.new_file(rock_sigfname),
      }) as (Response, string)
diff --git a/src/luarocks/core/cfg.lua b/src/luarocks/core/cfg.lua
index 8c2d7d79..7e1294cd 100644
--- a/src/luarocks/core/cfg.lua
+++ b/src/luarocks/core/cfg.lua
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ local vers = require("luarocks.core.vers")
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-local program_version = "dev"
+local program_version = "3.12.2"
 local is_windows = package.config:sub(1,1) == "\\"
@@ -413,13 +413,24 @@ local function make_defaults(lua_version, target_cpu, platforms, home)
   end
   if platforms.cygwin then
-      defaults.lib_extension = "so" -- can be overridden in the config file for mingw builds
+      defaults.lib_extension = "dll"
      defaults.arch = "cygwin-"..target_cpu
      defaults.cmake_generator = "Unix Makefiles"
      defaults.variables.CC = "echo -llua | xargs " .. (os.getenv("CC") or "gcc")
      defaults.variables.LD = "echo -llua | xargs " .. (os.getenv("CC") or "gcc")
      defaults.variables.LIBFLAG = "-shared"
      defaults.link_lua_explicitly = true
+      defaults.external_deps_patterns = {
+         bin = { "?.exe", "?.bat", "?" },
+         lib = { "cyg?.dll", "lib?.so", "lib?.so.*", "lib?.dll.a", "?.dll.a",
+                 "lib?.a", "lib?.dll", "?.dll" },
+         include = { "?.h" }
+      }
+      defaults.runtime_external_deps_patterns = {
+         bin = { "?.exe", "?.bat" },
+         lib = { "cyg?.dll", "lib?.so", "?.dll", "lib?.dll" },
+         include = { "?.h" }
+      }
   end
   if platforms.msys then
diff --git a/src/luarocks/core/manif.lua b/src/luarocks/core/manif.lua
index 4c5e0441..c5ee158e 100644
--- a/src/luarocks/core/manif.lua
+++ b/src/luarocks/core/manif.lua
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-local _tl_compat; if (tonumber((_VERSION or ''):match('[%d.]*$')) or 0) < 5.3 then local p, m = pcall(require, 'compat53.module'); if p then _tl_compat = m end end; local ipairs = _tl_compat and _tl_compat.ipairs or ipairs; local table = _tl_compat and _tl_compat.table or table; local type = type
+local _tl_compat; if (tonumber((_VERSION or ''):match('[%d.]*$')) or 0) < 5.3 then local p, m = pcall(require, 'compat53.module'); if p then _tl_compat = m end end; local ipairs = _tl_compat and _tl_compat.ipairs or ipairs; local string = _tl_compat and _tl_compat.string or string; local table = _tl_compat and _tl_compat.table or table; local type = type
 local manif = {}
@@ -52,7 +52,14 @@ end
 function manif.manifest_loader(file, repo_url, lua_version)
-   local manifest, err, errcode = persist.load_into_table(file)
+   local manifest, err, errcode
+   if file:match(".*%.json$") then
+      manifest, err, errcode = persist.load_json_into_table(file)
+   else
+      manifest, err, errcode = persist.load_into_table(file)
+   end
   if not manifest and type(err) == "string" then
      return nil, "Failed loading manifest for " .. repo_url .. ": " .. err, errcode
   end
diff --git a/src/luarocks/core/manif.tl b/src/luarocks/core/manif.tl
index 1f3b3659..0a96d47e 100644
--- a/src/luarocks/core/manif.tl
+++ b/src/luarocks/core/manif.tl
@@ -52,7 +52,14 @@ end
 -- @return table or (nil, string, string): the manifest or nil,
 -- error message and error code ("open", "load", "run").
 function manif.manifest_loader(file: string, repo_url: string, lua_version: string): Manifest, string | {any: any}, string
-   local manifest, err, errcode = persist.load_into_table(file)
+   local manifest, err, errcode: {string: any}, {string: boolean} | string, string
+   if file:match(".*%.json$") then
+      manifest, err, errcode = persist.load_json_into_table(file)
+   else
+      manifest, err, errcode = persist.load_into_table(file)
+   end
   if not manifest and err is string then
      return nil, "Failed loading manifest for "..repo_url..": " .. err, errcode
   end
diff --git a/src/luarocks/core/persist.lua b/src/luarocks/core/persist.lua
index 258a42c0..c9ccb4a0 100644
--- a/src/luarocks/core/persist.lua
+++ b/src/luarocks/core/persist.lua
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ local _tl_compat; if (tonumber((_VERSION or ''):match('[%d.]*$')) or 0) < 5.3 th
 local persist = {}
+local json = require("luarocks.vendor.dkjson")
@@ -67,4 +69,32 @@ function persist.load_into_table(filename, tbl)
   return result, globals
 end
+function persist.load_json_into_table(filename)
+   local fd, open_err = io.open(filename)
+   if not fd then
+      return nil, open_err, "open"
+   end
+   local str, read_err = fd:read("*a")
+   fd:close()
+   if not str then
+      return nil, read_err, "open"
+   end
+   local manifest, _, err = json.decode(str)
+   if not manifest then
+      return nil, "Failed decode manifest: " .. err, "load"
+   end
+   return manifest, {}
+end
 return persist
diff --git a/src/luarocks/core/persist.tl b/src/luarocks/core/persist.tl
index 4694afcb..268d2bb6 100644
--- a/src/luarocks/core/persist.tl
+++ b/src/luarocks/core/persist.tl
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 local record persist
 end
+local json = require("luarocks.vendor.dkjson")
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 --- Load and run a Lua file in an environment.
@@ -67,5 +69,33 @@ function persist.load_into_table(filename: string, tbl?: {string:any}) : {string
   return result, globals
 end
+--- Load a JSON file containing assignments, storing them in a table.
+-- The global environment is not propagated to the loaded file.
+-- @param filename string: the name of the file.
+-- @param tbl table or nil: if given, this table is used to store
+-- loaded values.
+-- @return (table, table) or (nil, string, string): a table with the file's assignments
+-- as fields and set of undefined globals accessed in file,
+-- or nil, an error message and an error code ("open"; couldn't open the file,
+-- "load"; compile-time error, or "run"; run-time error)
+-- in case of errors.
+function persist.load_json_into_table(filename: string) : {string: any}, {string: boolean} | string, string
+   local fd, open_err = io.open(filename)
+   if not fd then
+      return nil, open_err, "open"
+   end
+   local str, read_err = fd:read("*a")
+   fd:close()
+   if not str then
+      return nil, read_err, "open"
+   end
+   local manifest, _, err = json.decode(str)
+   if not manifest then
+      return nil, "Failed decode manifest: " .. err, "load"
+   end
+   return manifest, {}
+end
 return persist
diff --git a/src/luarocks/deps.lua b/src/luarocks/deps.lua
index e02d4694..13b531f6 100644
--- a/src/luarocks/deps.lua
+++ b/src/luarocks/deps.lua
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-local _tl_compat; if (tonumber((_VERSION or ''):match('[%d.]*$')) or 0) < 5.3 then local p, m = pcall(require, 'compat53.module'); if p then _tl_compat = m end end; local assert = _tl_compat and _tl_compat.assert or assert; local io = _tl_compat and _tl_compat.io or io; local ipairs = _tl_compat and _tl_compat.ipairs or ipairs; local pairs = _tl_compat and _tl_compat.pairs or pairs; local string = _tl_compat and _tl_compat.string or string; local table = _tl_compat and _tl_compat.table or table; local type = type
+local _tl_compat; if (tonumber((_VERSION or ''):match('[%d.]*$')) or 0) < 5.3 then local p, m = pcall(require, 'compat53.module'); if p then _tl_compat = m end end; local assert = _tl_compat and _tl_compat.assert or assert; local io = _tl_compat and _tl_compat.io or io; local ipairs = _tl_compat and _tl_compat.ipairs or ipairs; local math = _tl_compat and _tl_compat.math or math; local pairs = _tl_compat and _tl_compat.pairs or pairs; local string = _tl_compat and _tl_compat.string or string; local table = _tl_compat and _tl_compat.table or table; local type = type
 local deps = {}
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ function deps.report_missing_dependencies(name, version, dependencies, deps_mode
            first_missing_dep = false
         end
-         util.printout(("   %s (%s)"):format(tostring(depq), rock_status(depq, get_versions)))
+         util.printout(("   %s (%s)"):format(tostring(depq), (rock_status(depq, get_versions))))
      end
   end
 end
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ function deps.fulfill_dependencies(rockspec, depskey, deps_mode, verify, deplock
         local depq = queries.new(dname, dnamespace, dversion)
         util.printout(("%s %s is pinned to %s (%s)"):format(
-         name, version, tostring(depq), rock_status(depq, get_versions)))
+         name, version, tostring(depq), (rock_status(depq, get_versions))))
         local okfullfill, errfullfill = deps.fulfill_dependency(depq, "none", rocks_provided, verify, depskey)
         if not okfullfill then
@@ -327,11 +327,14 @@ function deps.fulfill_dependencies(rockspec, depskey, deps_mode, verify, deplock
   for _, depq in ipairs((rockspec)[depskey].queries) do
      util.printout(("%s %s depends on %s (%s)"):format(
-      name, version, tostring(depq), rock_status(depq, get_versions)))
+      name, version, tostring(depq), (rock_status(depq, get_versions))))
-      local okfulfill, found_or_err, _ = deps.fulfill_dependency(depq, deps_mode, rocks_provided, verify, depskey)
+      local okfulfill, version_or_err, tree = deps.fulfill_dependency(depq, deps_mode, rocks_provided, verify, depskey)
      if okfulfill then
-         deplocks.add(depskey, depq.name, found_or_err)
+         deplocks.add(depskey, depq.name, version_or_err)
+         if tree and rockspec:format_is_at_least("3.1") then
+            rockspec.variables[depq.name:upper() .. "_ROCKDIR"] = path.install_dir(depq.name, version_or_err, tree)
+         end
      else
         if depq.constraints and depq.constraints[1] and depq.constraints[1].no_upgrade then
            util.printerr("This version of " .. name .. " is designed for use with")
@@ -341,7 +344,7 @@ function deps.fulfill_dependencies(rockspec, depskey, deps_mode, verify, deplock
            util.printerr("or look for a suitable version of " .. name .. " with")
            util.printerr("   luarocks search " .. name)
         end
-         return nil, found_or_err
+         return nil, version_or_err
      end
   end
@@ -703,7 +706,7 @@ end
 local function lua_h_exists(d, luaver)
   local major, minor = luaver:match("(%d+)%.(%d+)")
-   local luanum = ("%s%02d"):format(major, tonumber(minor))
+   local luanum = ("%s%02d"):format(major, math.tointeger(minor))
   local lua_h = dir.path(d, "lua.h")
   local fd = io.open(lua_h)
@@ -808,7 +811,7 @@ function deps.check_lua_libdir(vars)
   local err
   if ok then
      local filename = dir.path(vars.LUA_LIBDIR, vars.LUA_LIBDIR_FILE)
-      local fd = io.open(filename, "r")
+      local fd = io.open(filename, "rb")
      if fd then
         if not vars.LUA_LIBDIR_FILE:match((cfg.lua_version:gsub("%.", "%%.?"))) then
diff --git a/src/luarocks/deps.tl b/src/luarocks/deps.tl
index 5ca9c879..98fad54d 100644
--- a/src/luarocks/deps.tl
+++ b/src/luarocks/deps.tl
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ function deps.report_missing_dependencies(name: string, version: string, depende
            first_missing_dep = false
         end
-         util.printout(("   %s (%s)"):format(tostring(depq), rock_status(depq, get_versions)))
+         util.printout(("   %s (%s)"):format(tostring(depq), (rock_status(depq, get_versions))))
      end
   end
 end
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ function deps.fulfill_dependencies(rockspec: Rockspec, depskey: DepsKey, deps_mo
         local depq = queries.new(dname, dnamespace, dversion)
         util.printout(("%s %s is pinned to %s (%s)"):format(
-            name, version, tostring(depq), rock_status(depq, get_versions)))
+            name, version, tostring(depq), (rock_status(depq, get_versions))))
         local okfullfill, errfullfill = deps.fulfill_dependency(depq, "none", rocks_provided, verify, depskey)
         if not okfullfill then
@@ -327,11 +327,14 @@ function deps.fulfill_dependencies(rockspec: Rockspec, depskey: DepsKey, deps_mo
   for _, depq in ipairs((rockspec as {string: Dependencies})[depskey].queries) do
      util.printout(("%s %s depends on %s (%s)"):format(
-         name, version, tostring(depq), rock_status(depq, get_versions)))
+         name, version, tostring(depq), (rock_status(depq, get_versions))))
-      local okfulfill, found_or_err, _ = deps.fulfill_dependency(depq, deps_mode, rocks_provided, verify, depskey)
+      local okfulfill, version_or_err, tree = deps.fulfill_dependency(depq, deps_mode, rocks_provided, verify, depskey)
      if okfulfill then
-         deplocks.add(depskey, depq.name, found_or_err)
+         deplocks.add(depskey, depq.name, version_or_err)
+         if tree and rockspec:format_is_at_least("3.1") then
+            rockspec.variables[depq.name:upper() .. "_ROCKDIR"] = path.install_dir(depq.name, version_or_err, tree)
+         end
      else
         if depq.constraints and depq.constraints[1] and depq.constraints[1].no_upgrade then
            util.printerr("This version of "..name.." is designed for use with")
@@ -341,7 +344,7 @@ function deps.fulfill_dependencies(rockspec: Rockspec, depskey: DepsKey, deps_mo
            util.printerr("or look for a suitable version of "..name.." with")
            util.printerr("   luarocks search "..name)
         end
-         return nil, found_or_err
+         return nil, version_or_err
      end
   end
@@ -703,7 +706,7 @@ end
 local function lua_h_exists(d: string, luaver: string): boolean, string, string, integer
   local major, minor = luaver:match("(%d+)%.(%d+)")
-   local luanum = ("%s%02d"):format(major, tonumber(minor))
+   local luanum = ("%s%02d"):format(major, math.tointeger(minor))
   local lua_h = dir.path(d, "lua.h")
   local fd = io.open(lua_h)
@@ -749,7 +752,7 @@ local function find_lua_incdir(prefix: string, luaver: string, luajitver: string
 end
 function deps.check_lua_incdir(vars: {string: string}): boolean, string, string
-   if vars.LUA_INCDIR_OK == "ok" 
+   if vars.LUA_INCDIR_OK == "ok"
      then return true
   end
@@ -777,7 +780,7 @@ function deps.check_lua_incdir(vars: {string: string}): boolean, string, string
 end
 function deps.check_lua_libdir(vars: {string: string}): boolean, string, string, {string : {string}}
-   if vars.LUA_LIBDIR_OK == "ok" 
+   if vars.LUA_LIBDIR_OK == "ok"
      then return true
   end
@@ -808,13 +811,13 @@ function deps.check_lua_libdir(vars: {string: string}): boolean, string, string,
   local err: string
   if ok then
      local filename = dir.path(vars.LUA_LIBDIR, vars.LUA_LIBDIR_FILE)
-      local fd = io.open(filename, "r")
+      local fd = io.open(filename, "rb")
      if fd then
         if not vars.LUA_LIBDIR_FILE:match((cfg.lua_version:gsub("%.", "%%.?"))) then
            -- if filename isn't versioned, check file contents
            local txt = fd:read("*a")
            ok = txt:find("Lua " .. cfg.lua_version, 1, true)
-                 or txt:find("lua" .. (cfg.lua_version:gsub("%.", "")), 1, true) 
+                 or txt:find("lua" .. (cfg.lua_version:gsub("%.", "")), 1, true)
                 and true
            if not ok then
               err = "Lua library at " .. filename .. " does not match Lua version " .. cfg.lua_version .. ". You can use `luarocks config variables.LUA_LIBDIR <path>` to set the correct location."
diff --git a/src/luarocks/fetch.lua b/src/luarocks/fetch.lua
index 07c4bf94..50363cc0 100644
--- a/src/luarocks/fetch.lua
+++ b/src/luarocks/fetch.lua
@@ -49,12 +49,15 @@ function fetch.fetch_caching(url, mirroring)
   local repo_url, filename = url:match("^(.*)/([^/]+)$")
   local name = repo_url:gsub("[/:]", "_")
   local cache_dir = dir.path(cfg.local_cache, name)
-   local ok = fs.make_dir(cache_dir)
+   local ok = fs.exists(cfg.local_cache)
+   if ok then
+      ok = fs.make_dir(cache_dir)
+   end
   local cachefile = dir.path(cache_dir, filename)
   local checkfile = cachefile .. ".check"
-   if (fs.file_age(checkfile) < 10 or
+   if (fs.exists(checkfile) and fs.file_age(checkfile) < 10 or
      cfg.aggressive_cache and (not name:match("^manifest"))) and fs.exists(cachefile) then
      return cachefile, nil, nil, true
@@ -75,6 +78,8 @@ function fetch.fetch_caching(url, mirroring)
      if not ok then
         return nil, "Failed creating temporary cache directory " .. cache_dir
      end
+      cachefile = dir.path(cache_dir, filename)
+      checkfile = cachefile .. ".check"
      lock = fs.lock_access(cache_dir)
   end
diff --git a/src/luarocks/fetch.tl b/src/luarocks/fetch.tl
index 2f81ac0c..75f0a157 100644
--- a/src/luarocks/fetch.tl
+++ b/src/luarocks/fetch.tl
@@ -49,12 +49,15 @@ function fetch.fetch_caching(url: string, mirroring?: string): string, string, s
   local repo_url, filename = url:match("^(.*)/([^/]+)$")
   local name = repo_url:gsub("[/:]","_")
   local cache_dir = dir.path(cfg.local_cache, name)
-   local ok = fs.make_dir(cache_dir)
+   local ok = fs.exists(cfg.local_cache)
+   if ok then
+      ok = fs.make_dir(cache_dir)
+   end
   local cachefile = dir.path(cache_dir, filename)
   local checkfile = cachefile .. ".check"
-   if (fs.file_age(checkfile) < 10 or
+   if (fs.exists(checkfile) and fs.file_age(checkfile) < 10 or
      cfg.aggressive_cache and (not name:match("^manifest"))) and fs.exists(cachefile)
   then
      return cachefile, nil, nil, true
@@ -75,6 +78,8 @@ function fetch.fetch_caching(url: string, mirroring?: string): string, string, s
      if not ok then
         return nil, "Failed creating temporary cache directory "..cache_dir
      end
+      cachefile = dir.path(cache_dir, filename)
+      checkfile = cachefile .. ".check"
      lock = fs.lock_access(cache_dir)
   end
diff --git a/src/luarocks/fs/unix.lua b/src/luarocks/fs/unix.lua
index 41a9ba8b..2c99ff0d 100644
--- a/src/luarocks/fs/unix.lua
+++ b/src/luarocks/fs/unix.lua
@@ -145,13 +145,14 @@ function unix.is_actual_binary(filename)
   if not file then
      return true
   end
-   local first = file:read(2)
+   local first = file:read()
   file:close()
   if not first then
      util.warning("could not read "..filename)
      return true
   end
-   return first ~= "#!"
+   -- only create wrapper for lua scripts with `#!/usr/bin/env lua` or `#!/usr/bin/lua`
+   return first:match('^#!.*[ /]lua.*') == first
 end
 function unix.copy_binary(filename, dest)
diff --git a/src/luarocks/manif.lua b/src/luarocks/manif.lua
index 809b823d..b608d363 100644
--- a/src/luarocks/manif.lua
+++ b/src/luarocks/manif.lua
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-local _tl_compat; if (tonumber((_VERSION or ''):match('[%d.]*$')) or 0) < 5.3 then local p, m = pcall(require, 'compat53.module'); if p then _tl_compat = m end end; local assert = _tl_compat and _tl_compat.assert or assert; local io = _tl_compat and _tl_compat.io or io; local ipairs = _tl_compat and _tl_compat.ipairs or ipairs; local pairs = _tl_compat and _tl_compat.pairs or pairs; local string = _tl_compat and _tl_compat.string or string; local type = type
+local _tl_compat; if (tonumber((_VERSION or ''):match('[%d.]*$')) or 0) < 5.3 then local p, m = pcall(require, 'compat53.module'); if p then _tl_compat = m end end; local assert = _tl_compat and _tl_compat.assert or assert; local io = _tl_compat and _tl_compat.io or io; local ipairs = _tl_compat and _tl_compat.ipairs or ipairs; local pairs = _tl_compat and _tl_compat.pairs or pairs; local string = _tl_compat and _tl_compat.string or string; local table = _tl_compat and _tl_compat.table or table; local type = type
@@ -103,6 +103,10 @@ function manif.load_manifest(repo_url, lua_version, versioned_only)
      not versioned_only and "manifest" or nil,
   }
+   if util.get_luajit_version() then
+      table.insert(filenames, 1, "manifest-" .. lua_version .. ".json")
+   end
   local protocol, repodir = dir.split_url(repo_url)
   local pathname, from_cache
   if protocol == "file" then
diff --git a/src/luarocks/manif.tl b/src/luarocks/manif.tl
index 6a62a73f..da9b7d4c 100644
--- a/src/luarocks/manif.tl
+++ b/src/luarocks/manif.tl
@@ -103,6 +103,10 @@ function manif.load_manifest(repo_url: string, lua_version?: string, versioned_o
      not versioned_only and "manifest" or nil,
   }
+   if util.get_luajit_version() then
+      table.insert(filenames, 1, "manifest-" .. lua_version .. ".json")
+   end
   local protocol, repodir = dir.split_url(repo_url)
   local pathname, from_cache: string, boolean
   if protocol == "file" then
diff --git a/src/luarocks/rockspecs.lua b/src/luarocks/rockspecs.lua
index 6a9a376c..7f137b87 100644
--- a/src/luarocks/rockspecs.lua
+++ b/src/luarocks/rockspecs.lua
@@ -24,6 +24,19 @@ local vendored_build_type_set = {
   ["none"] = true,
 }
+local rockspec_mt_funcs = {}
+local rockspec_mt = {}
+rockspec_mt.__index = rockspec_mt_funcs
+function rockspec_mt_funcs.type()
+   util.warning("The function rockspec.type() is no longer " ..
+   "necessary and is now deprecated. Please update your " ..
+   "plugin to remove calls to this function.")
+   return "rockspec"
+end
@@ -83,6 +96,9 @@ local function configure_paths(rockspec)
   vars.CONFDIR = path.conf_dir(name, version)
   vars.BINDIR = path.bin_dir(name, version)
   vars.DOCDIR = path.doc_dir(name, version)
+   if rockspec:format_is_at_least("3.1") then
+      vars.LUA_VERSION = cfg.lua_version
+   end
   rockspec.variables = vars
 end
@@ -178,7 +194,8 @@ function rockspecs.from_persisted_table(filename, rockspec, globals, quick)
      configure_paths(rockspec)
   end
-   return rockspec
+   return setmetatable(rockspec, rockspec_mt)
 end
 return rockspecs
diff --git a/src/luarocks/rockspecs.tl b/src/luarocks/rockspecs.tl
index a34c0dbf..7f31f786 100644
--- a/src/luarocks/rockspecs.tl
+++ b/src/luarocks/rockspecs.tl
@@ -24,6 +24,19 @@ local vendored_build_type_set: {string: boolean} = {
   ["none"] = true,
 }
+local rockspec_mt_funcs = {}
+local rockspec_mt: metatable<Rockspec> = {}
+rockspec_mt.__index = rockspec_mt_funcs
+function rockspec_mt_funcs.type(): string
+   util.warning("The function rockspec.type() is no longer " ..
+      "necessary and is now deprecated. Please update your " ..
+      "plugin to remove calls to this function.")
+   return "rockspec"
+end
 --- Perform platform-specific overrides on a table.
 -- Overrides values of table with the contents of the appropriate
 -- subset of its "platforms" field. The "platforms" field should
@@ -83,6 +96,9 @@ local function configure_paths(rockspec: Rockspec)
   vars.CONFDIR = path.conf_dir(name, version)
   vars.BINDIR = path.bin_dir(name, version)
   vars.DOCDIR = path.doc_dir(name, version)
+   if rockspec:format_is_at_least("3.1") then
+      vars.LUA_VERSION = cfg.lua_version
+   end
   rockspec.variables = vars
 end
@@ -178,7 +194,8 @@ function rockspecs.from_persisted_table(filename: string, rockspec: Rockspec, gl
      configure_paths(rockspec)
   end
-   return rockspec
+   -- TODO remove this on LuaRocks 4.0
+   return setmetatable(rockspec, rockspec_mt)
 end
 return rockspecs
diff --git a/src/luarocks/tools/patch.lua b/src/luarocks/tools/patch.lua
index 8dc188a6..d1575cb0 100644
--- a/src/luarocks/tools/patch.lua
+++ b/src/luarocks/tools/patch.lua
@@ -129,14 +129,13 @@ local function file_lines(f)
            end
         end
      end
-      local posi = math.tointeger(pos)
+      if not pos then
-      if not posi then
+         pos = #buffer
-         posi = #buffer
      elseif chars == '\r\n' then
-         posi = posi + 1
+         pos = pos + 1
      end
-      local line = buffer:sub(pos_beg, posi)
+      local line = buffer:sub(pos_beg, pos)
-      pos_beg = posi + 1
+      pos_beg = pos + 1
      if #line > 0 then
         return line
      end
diff --git a/src/luarocks/tools/patch.tl b/src/luarocks/tools/patch.tl
index 83c16ab7..553964e3 100644
--- a/src/luarocks/tools/patch.tl
+++ b/src/luarocks/tools/patch.tl
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ local function file_lines(f: FILE): function(): string
  local buffer = ""
  local pos_beg = 1
  return function(): string
-    local pos, chars: string, string
+    local pos, chars: integer, string
    while 1 do
      pos, chars = buffer:match('()([\r\n].)', pos_beg)
      if pos or not f then
@@ -129,14 +129,13 @@ local function file_lines(f: FILE): function(): string
        end
      end
    end
-    local posi = math.tointeger(pos)
+    if not pos then
-    if not posi then
+      pos = #buffer
-      posi = #buffer
    elseif chars == '\r\n' then
-      posi = posi + 1
+      pos = pos + 1
    end
-    local line = buffer:sub(pos_beg, posi)
+    local line = buffer:sub(pos_beg, pos)
-    pos_beg = posi + 1
+    pos_beg = pos + 1
    if #line > 0 then
      return line
    end
diff --git a/src/luarocks/type/rockspec.lua b/src/luarocks/type/rockspec.lua
index cd4044f6..10b06690 100644
--- a/src/luarocks/type/rockspec.lua
+++ b/src/luarocks/type/rockspec.lua
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ local type_check = require("luarocks.type_check")
-type_rockspec.rockspec_format = "3.0"
+type_rockspec.rockspec_format = "3.1"
@@ -174,6 +174,9 @@ local rockspec_formats, versions = type_check.declare_schemas({
         },
      },
   },
+   ["3.1"] = {},
 })
diff --git a/src/luarocks/type/rockspec.tl b/src/luarocks/type/rockspec.tl
index 599c13ce..52ad7909 100644
--- a/src/luarocks/type/rockspec.tl
+++ b/src/luarocks/type/rockspec.tl
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ local type_check = require("luarocks.type_check")
 -- local type TableSchema = type_check.TableSchema
-type_rockspec.rockspec_format = "3.0"
+type_rockspec.rockspec_format = "3.1"
 -- Syntax for type-checking tables:
 --
@@ -173,7 +173,10 @@ local rockspec_formats, versions = type_check.declare_schemas({
            _more = true,
         },
      }
-   }
+   },
+   ["3.1"] = {},
 })
 -- type_rockspec.order = {"rockspec_format", "package", "version",
diff --git a/src/luarocks/vendor/dkjson.d.tl b/src/luarocks/vendor/dkjson.d.tl
index a7c76389..4245e8aa 100644
--- a/src/luarocks/vendor/dkjson.d.tl
+++ b/src/luarocks/vendor/dkjson.d.tl
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ local record dkjson
   end
   encode: function({string:any}, ?JsonState): string
-   decode: function(string, ?number, ?any, ?table): {string:any}
+   decode: function(string, ?number, ?any, ?table): {string:any}, integer, string
   null: table