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1.\" $OpenBSD: getifaddrs.3,v 1.10 2003/05/30 21:37:59 jmc Exp $
2.\" BSDI getifaddrs.3,v 2.5 2000/02/23 14:51:59 dab Exp
3.\"
4.\" Copyright (c) 1995, 1999
5.\" Berkeley Software Design, Inc. All rights reserved.
6.\"
7.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9.\" are met:
10.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12.\"
13.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY Berkeley Software Design, Inc. ``AS IS'' AND
14.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
15.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
16.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL Berkeley Software Design, Inc. BE LIABLE
17.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
18.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
19.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
20.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
21.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
22.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
23.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
24.Dd October 12, 1995
25.Dt GETIFADDRS 3
26.Os
27.Sh NAME
28.Nm getifaddrs
29.Nd get interface addresses
30.Sh SYNOPSIS
31.Fd #include <sys/types.h>
32.Fd #include <sys/socket.h>
33.Fd #include <ifaddrs.h>
34.Ft int
35.Fn getifaddrs "struct ifaddrs **ifap"
36.Ft void
37.Fn freeifaddrs "struct ifaddrs *ifap"
38.Sh DESCRIPTION
39The
40.Fn getifaddrs
41function stores a reference to a linked list of the network interfaces
42on the local machine in the memory referenced by
43.Fa ifap .
44The list consists of
45.Nm ifaddrs
46structures, as defined in the include file
47.Aq Pa ifaddrs.h .
48The
49.Nm ifaddrs
50structure contains at least the following entries:
51.Bd -literal
52 struct ifaddrs *ifa_next; /* Pointer to next struct */
53 char *ifa_name; /* Interface name */
54 u_int ifa_flags; /* Interface flags */
55 struct sockaddr *ifa_addr; /* Interface address */
56 struct sockaddr *ifa_netmask; /* Interface netmask */
57 struct sockaddr *ifa_broadaddr; /* Interface broadcast address */
58 struct sockaddr *ifa_dstaddr; /* P2P interface destination */
59 void *ifa_data; /* Address specific data */
60.Ed
61.Pp
62.Bl -tag -width Ds
63.It Fa ifa_next
64Contains a pointer to the next structure on the list.
65This field is set to
66.Dv NULL
67in last structure on the list.
68.It Fa ifa_name
69Contains the interface name.
70.It Fa ifa_flags
71Contains the interface flags, as set by
72.Xr ifconfig 8 .
73.It Fa ifa_addr
74References either the address of the interface or the link level
75address of the interface, if one exists, otherwise it is
76.Dv NULL .
77(The
78.Fa sa_family
79field of the
80.Fa ifa_addr
81field should be consulted to determine the format of the
82.Fa ifa_addr
83address.)
84.It Fa ifa_netmask
85References the netmask associated with
86.Fa ifa_addr ,
87if one is set, otherwise it is
88.Dv NULL .
89.It Fa ifa_broadaddr
90This field, which should only be referenced for non-P2P interfaces,
91references the broadcast address associated with
92.Fa ifa_addr ,
93if one exists, otherwise it is
94.Dv NULL .
95.It Fa ifa_dstaddr
96References the destination address on a P2P interface,
97if one exists, otherwise it is
98.Dv NULL .
99.It Fa ifa_data
100References address family specific data.
101For
102.Dv AF_LINK
103addresses it contains a pointer to the
104.Li struct if_data
105(as defined in include file
106.Aq Pa net/if.h )
107which contains various interface attributes and statistics.
108For all other address families, it contains a pointer to the
109.Li struct ifa_data
110(as defined in include file
111.Aq Pa net/if.h )
112which contains per-address interface statistics.
113.El
114.Pp
115The data returned by
116.Fn getifaddrs
117is dynamically allocated and should be freed using
118.Fn freeifaddrs
119when no longer needed.
120.Sh RETURN VALUES
121Upon successful completion, a value of 0 is returned.
122Otherwise, a value of \-1 is returned and
123.Va errno
124is set to indicate the error.
125.Sh ERRORS
126The
127.Fn getifaddrs
128may fail and set
129.Va errno
130for any of the errors specified for the library routines
131.Xr ioctl 2 ,
132.Xr socket 2 ,
133.Xr malloc 3 ,
134or
135.Xr sysctl 3 .
136.Sh SEE ALSO
137.Xr ioctl 2 ,
138.Xr socket 2 ,
139.Xr sysctl 3 ,
140.Xr networking 4 ,
141.Xr ifconfig 8
142.Sh HISTORY
143The
144.Fn getifaddrs
145function first appeared in BSDI BSD/OS.
146The function is supplied on
147.Ox
148since
149.Ox 2.7 .
150.Sh BUGS
151If both
152.Aq Pa net/if.h
153and
154.Aq Pa ifaddrs.h
155are being included,
156.Aq Pa net/if.h
157.Em must
158be included before
159.Aq Pa ifaddrs.h .