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+.\"     $OpenBSD: ns.3,v 1.7 2001/08/02 20:37:35 hugh Exp $
+.\"
+.\" Copyright (c) 1986, 1991, 1993
+.\"     The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
+.\"
+.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+.\" are met:
+.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
+.\"    must display the following acknowledgement:
+.\"     This product includes software developed by the University of
+.\"     California, Berkeley and its contributors.
+.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+.\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+.\"    without specific prior written permission.
+.\"
+.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+.\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
+.\"
+.Dd June 4, 1993
+.Dt NS 3
+.Os
+.Sh NAME
+.Nm ns_addr ,
+.Nm ns_ntoa
+.Nd Xerox
+.Tn NS Ns (tm)
+address conversion routines
+.Sh SYNOPSIS
+.Fd #include <sys/types.h>
+.Fd #include <netns/ns.h>
+.Ft struct ns_addr
+.Fn ns_addr "char *cp"
+.Ft char *
+.Fn ns_ntoa "struct ns_addr ns"
+.Sh DESCRIPTION
+The routine
+.Fn ns_addr
+interprets character strings representing
+.Tn XNS
+addresses, returning binary information suitable
+for use in system calls.
+The routine
+.Fn ns_ntoa
+takes
+.Tn XNS
+addresses and returns
+.Tn ASCII
+strings representing the address in a
+notation in common use in the Xerox Development Environment:
+.Bd -filled -offset indent
+<network number>.<host number>.<port number>
+.Ed
+.Pp
+Trailing zero fields are suppressed, and each number is printed in hexadecimal,
+in a format suitable for input to
+.Fn ns_addr .
+Any fields lacking super-decimal digits will have a
+trailing
+.Sq H
+appended.
+.Pp
+Unfortunately, no universal standard exists for representing
+.Tn XNS
+addresses.
+An effort has been made to ensure that
+.Fn ns_addr
+be compatible with most formats in common use.
+It will first separate an address into 1 to 3 fields using a single delimiter
+chosen from
+period
+.Pq Ql \&. ,
+colon
+.Pq Ql \&: ,
+or pound-sign
+.Ql # .
+Each field is then examined for byte separators (colon or period).
+If there are byte separators, each subfield separated is taken to be
+a small hexadecimal number, and the entirety is taken as a network-byte-ordered
+quantity to be zero extended in the high-network-order bytes.
+Next, the field is inspected for hyphens, in which case
+the field is assumed to be a number in decimal notation
+with hyphens separating the millenia.
+Next, the field is assumed to be a number:
+It is interpreted
+as hexadecimal if there is a leading
+.Ql 0x
+(as in C),
+a trailing
+.Sq H
+(as in Mesa), or there are any super-decimal digits present.
+It is interpreted as octal is there is a leading
+.Ql 0
+and there are no super-octal digits.
+Otherwise, it is converted as a decimal number.
+.Sh RETURN VALUES
+None.
+(See
+.Sx BUGS . )
+.Sh SEE ALSO
+.Xr hosts 5 ,
+.Xr networks 5
+.Sh HISTORY
+The
+.Fn ns_addr
+and
+.Fn ns_toa
+functions appeared in
+.Bx 4.3 .
+.Sh BUGS
+The string returned by
+.Fn ns_ntoa
+resides in a static memory area.
+The function
+.Fn ns_addr
+should diagnose improperly formed input, and there should be an unambiguous
+way to recognize this.