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Diffstat (limited to 'src/lib/libc/stdlib/getenv.3')
| -rw-r--r-- | src/lib/libc/stdlib/getenv.3 | 175 |
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diff --git a/src/lib/libc/stdlib/getenv.3 b/src/lib/libc/stdlib/getenv.3 new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..f987eb13a1 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/lib/libc/stdlib/getenv.3 | |||
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| 1 | .\" Copyright (c) 1988, 1991, 1993 | ||
| 2 | .\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. | ||
| 3 | .\" | ||
| 4 | .\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by | ||
| 5 | .\" the American National Standards Committee X3, on Information | ||
| 6 | .\" Processing Systems. | ||
| 7 | .\" | ||
| 8 | .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without | ||
| 9 | .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions | ||
| 10 | .\" are met: | ||
| 11 | .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright | ||
| 12 | .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. | ||
| 13 | .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright | ||
| 14 | .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the | ||
| 15 | .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. | ||
| 16 | .\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors | ||
| 17 | .\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software | ||
| 18 | .\" without specific prior written permission. | ||
| 19 | .\" | ||
| 20 | .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND | ||
| 21 | .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE | ||
| 22 | .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE | ||
| 23 | .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE | ||
| 24 | .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL | ||
| 25 | .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS | ||
| 26 | .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) | ||
| 27 | .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT | ||
| 28 | .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY | ||
| 29 | .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF | ||
| 30 | .\" SUCH DAMAGE. | ||
| 31 | .\" | ||
| 32 | .\" $OpenBSD: getenv.3,v 1.18 2012/09/23 16:08:04 jeremy Exp $ | ||
| 33 | .\" | ||
| 34 | .Dd $Mdocdate: September 23 2012 $ | ||
| 35 | .Dt GETENV 3 | ||
| 36 | .Os | ||
| 37 | .Sh NAME | ||
| 38 | .Nm getenv , | ||
| 39 | .Nm putenv , | ||
| 40 | .Nm setenv , | ||
| 41 | .Nm unsetenv | ||
| 42 | .Nd environment variable functions | ||
| 43 | .Sh SYNOPSIS | ||
| 44 | .Fd #include <stdlib.h> | ||
| 45 | .Ft char * | ||
| 46 | .Fn getenv "const char *name" | ||
| 47 | .Ft int | ||
| 48 | .Fn setenv "const char *name" "const char *value" "int overwrite" | ||
| 49 | .Ft int | ||
| 50 | .Fn putenv "char *string" | ||
| 51 | .Ft int | ||
| 52 | .Fn unsetenv "const char *name" | ||
| 53 | .Sh DESCRIPTION | ||
| 54 | These functions set, unset, and fetch environment variables from the host | ||
| 55 | .Em environment list . | ||
| 56 | .Pp | ||
| 57 | The | ||
| 58 | .Fn getenv | ||
| 59 | function obtains the current value of the environment variable | ||
| 60 | .Fa name . | ||
| 61 | If the variable | ||
| 62 | .Fa name | ||
| 63 | is not in the current environment, a null pointer is returned. | ||
| 64 | .Pp | ||
| 65 | The | ||
| 66 | .Fn setenv | ||
| 67 | function inserts or resets the environment variable | ||
| 68 | .Fa name | ||
| 69 | in the current environment list. | ||
| 70 | If the variable | ||
| 71 | .Fa name | ||
| 72 | does not exist in the list, it is inserted with the given | ||
| 73 | .Fa value . | ||
| 74 | If the variable does exist, the argument | ||
| 75 | .Fa overwrite | ||
| 76 | is tested; if | ||
| 77 | .Fa overwrite | ||
| 78 | is zero, the variable is not reset, otherwise it is reset to the given | ||
| 79 | .Fa value . | ||
| 80 | .Pp | ||
| 81 | The | ||
| 82 | .Fn putenv | ||
| 83 | function takes an argument of the form | ||
| 84 | .Ar name Ns = Ns Ar value . | ||
| 85 | The memory pointed to by | ||
| 86 | .Ar string | ||
| 87 | becomes part of the environment and must not be deallocated by the caller. | ||
| 88 | If the variable already exists, it will be overwritten. | ||
| 89 | A common source of bugs is to pass a | ||
| 90 | .Ar string | ||
| 91 | argument that is a locally scoped string buffer. | ||
| 92 | This will result in corruption of the environment after leaving | ||
| 93 | the scope in which the variable is defined. | ||
| 94 | For this reason, the | ||
| 95 | .Fn setenv | ||
| 96 | function is preferred over | ||
| 97 | .Fn putenv . | ||
| 98 | .Pp | ||
| 99 | The | ||
| 100 | .Fn unsetenv | ||
| 101 | function deletes all instances of the variable name pointed to by | ||
| 102 | .Fa name | ||
| 103 | from the list. | ||
| 104 | .Sh RETURN VALUES | ||
| 105 | These functions | ||
| 106 | return zero if successful; otherwise the global variable | ||
| 107 | .Va errno | ||
| 108 | is set to indicate the error and \-1 is returned. | ||
| 109 | .Pp | ||
| 110 | If | ||
| 111 | .Fn getenv | ||
| 112 | is successful, the string returned should be considered read-only. | ||
| 113 | .Sh ERRORS | ||
| 114 | .Bl -tag -width Er | ||
| 115 | .It Bq Er EINVAL | ||
| 116 | The | ||
| 117 | .Fn setenv | ||
| 118 | or | ||
| 119 | .Fn unsetenv | ||
| 120 | function was passed an empty | ||
| 121 | .Ar name | ||
| 122 | or a NULL pointer, or was passed a | ||
| 123 | .Ar name | ||
| 124 | containing an | ||
| 125 | .Sq = | ||
| 126 | character. | ||
| 127 | .Pp | ||
| 128 | The | ||
| 129 | .Fn putenv | ||
| 130 | function was passed a | ||
| 131 | .Ar string | ||
| 132 | that did not contain an | ||
| 133 | .Sq = | ||
| 134 | character. | ||
| 135 | .It Bq Er ENOMEM | ||
| 136 | The | ||
| 137 | .Fn setenv | ||
| 138 | or | ||
| 139 | .Fn putenv | ||
| 140 | function failed because it was unable to allocate memory for the environment. | ||
| 141 | .El | ||
| 142 | .Sh SEE ALSO | ||
| 143 | .Xr csh 1 , | ||
| 144 | .Xr sh 1 , | ||
| 145 | .Xr execve 2 , | ||
| 146 | .Xr environ 7 | ||
| 147 | .Sh STANDARDS | ||
| 148 | The | ||
| 149 | .Fn getenv | ||
| 150 | function conforms to | ||
| 151 | .St -ansiC . | ||
| 152 | The | ||
| 153 | .Fn putenv , | ||
| 154 | .Fn setenv , | ||
| 155 | and | ||
| 156 | .Fn unsetenv | ||
| 157 | functions conform to | ||
| 158 | .St -p1003.1-2008 . | ||
| 159 | .Sh HISTORY | ||
| 160 | The function | ||
| 161 | .Fn getenv | ||
| 162 | appeared in | ||
| 163 | .At v7 | ||
| 164 | and | ||
| 165 | .Bx 3 . | ||
| 166 | The functions | ||
| 167 | .Fn setenv | ||
| 168 | and | ||
| 169 | .Fn unsetenv | ||
| 170 | appeared in | ||
| 171 | .Bx 4.3 Tahoe . | ||
| 172 | The | ||
| 173 | .Fn putenv | ||
| 174 | function appeared in | ||
| 175 | .Bx 4.3 Reno . | ||
