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+.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991 The Regents of the University of California.
+.\" All rights reserved.
+.\"
+.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+.\" are met:
+.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
+.\"    must display the following acknowledgement:
+.\"     This product includes software developed by the University of
+.\"     California, Berkeley and its contributors.
+.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+.\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+.\"    without specific prior written permission.
+.\"
+.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+.\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
+.\"
+.\"     $OpenBSD: random.3,v 1.6 1998/07/05 19:54:25 millert Exp $
+.\"
+.Dd April 19, 1991
+.Dt RANDOM 3
+.Os BSD 4.2
+.Sh NAME
+.Nm random ,
+.Nm srandom ,
+.Nm initstate ,
+.Nm setstate
+.Nd better random number generator; routines for changing generators
+.Sh SYNOPSIS
+.Fd #include <stdlib.h>
+.Ft long 
+.Fn random void
+.Ft void
+.Fn srandom "unsigned int seed"
+.Ft char *
+.Fn initstate "unsigned int seed" "char *state" "size_t n"
+.Ft char *
+.Fn setstate "const char *state"
+.Sh DESCRIPTION
+The
+.Fn random
+function
+uses a non-linear additive feedback random number generator employing a
+default table of size 31 long integers to return successive pseudo-random
+numbers in the range from 0 to
+.if t 2\u\s731\s10\d\(mi1.
+.if n (2**31)\(mi1.
+The maximum value returned by
+.Fn random
+is
+.Dv LONG_MAX
+(as defined by the header file
+.Aq Pa limits.h ) .
+The period of this random number generator is very large, approximately
+.if t 16\(mu(2\u\s731\s10\d\(mi1).
+.if n 16*((2**31)\(mi1).
+.Pp
+The
+.Fn random Ns / Fn srandom
+have (almost) the same calling sequence and initialization properties as
+.Xr rand 3 Ns / Xr srand 3 .
+The difference is that
+.Xr rand
+produces a much less random sequence \(em in fact, the low dozen bits
+generated by rand go through a cyclic pattern.  All the bits generated by
+.Fn random
+are usable.  For example,
+.Sq Li random()&01
+will produce a random binary
+value.
+.Pp
+Unlike
+.Xr srand ,
+.Fn srandom
+does not return the old seed; the reason for this is that the amount of
+state information used is much more than a single word.  (Two other
+routines are provided to deal with restarting/changing random
+number generators).  Like
+.Xr rand 3 ,
+however,
+.Fn random
+will by default produce a sequence of numbers that can be duplicated
+by calling
+.Fn srandom
+with 
+.Ql 1
+as the seed.
+.Pp
+The
+.Fn initstate
+routine allows a state array, passed in as an argument, to be initialized
+for future use.  The size of the state array (in bytes) is used by
+.Fn initstate
+to decide how sophisticated a random number generator it should use \(em the
+more state, the better the random numbers will be.
+(Current "optimal" values for the amount of state information are
+8, 32, 64, 128, and 256 bytes; other amounts will be rounded down to
+the nearest known amount.  Using less than 8 bytes will cause an error.)
+The seed for the initialization (which specifies a starting point for
+the random number sequence, and provides for restarting at the same
+point) is also an argument.
+The
+.Fn initstate
+function
+returns a pointer to the previous state information array.
+.Pp
+Once a state has been initialized, the
+.Fn setstate
+routine provides for rapid switching between states.
+The
+.Fn setstate
+function
+returns a pointer to the previous state array; its
+argument state array is used for further random number generation
+until the next call to
+.Fn initstate
+or
+.Fn setstate .
+.Pp
+Once a state array has been initialized, it may be restarted at a
+different point either by calling
+.Fn initstate
+(with the desired seed, the state array, and its size) or by calling
+both
+.Fn setstate
+(with the state array) and
+.Fn srandom
+(with the desired seed).
+The advantage of calling both
+.Fn setstate
+and
+.Fn srandom
+is that the size of the state array does not have to be remembered after
+it is initialized.
+.Pp
+With 256 bytes of state information, the period of the random number
+generator is greater than
+.if t 2\u\s769\s10\d,
+.if n 2**69
+which should be sufficient for most purposes.
+.Sh AUTHOR
+Earl T. Cohen
+.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
+If
+.Fn initstate
+is called with less than 8 bytes of state information, or if
+.Fn setstate
+detects that the state information has been garbled, error
+messages are printed on the standard error output.
+.Sh SEE ALSO
+.Xr arc4random 3 ,
+.Xr drand48 3 ,
+.Xr rand 3
+.Sh STANDARDS
+The
+.Fn random ,                                                           
+.Fn srandom ,                                                           
+.Fn initstate ,                                                           
+and
+.Fn setstate
+functions conform to
+.St -xpg4.2 .
+.Sh HISTORY
+These
+functions appeared in 
+.Bx 4.2 .
+.Sh BUGS
+About 2/3 the speed of
+.Xr rand 3 .