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1.\" Copyright (c) 1989, 1991 The Regents of the University of California.
2.\" All rights reserved.
3.\"
4.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
5.\" the American National Standards Committee X3, on Information
6.\" Processing Systems.
7.\"
8.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10.\" are met:
11.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
17.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
18.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
19.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
20.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
21.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
22.\" without specific prior written permission.
23.\"
24.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
25.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
26.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
27.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
28.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
29.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
30.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
31.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
32.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
33.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
34.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
35.\"
36.\" from: @(#)strftime.3 5.12 (Berkeley) 6/29/91
37.\" $Id: strftime.3,v 1.1.1.1 1995/10/18 08:42:22 deraadt Exp $
38.\"
39.Dd June 29, 1991
40.Dt STRFTIME 3
41.Os
42.Sh NAME
43.Nm strftime
44.Nd format date and time
45.Sh SYNOPSIS
46.Fd #include <time.h>
47.Ft size_t
48.Fn strftime "char *buf" "size_t maxsize" "const char *format" "const struct tm *timeptr"
49.Sh DESCRIPTION
50The
51.Fn strftime
52function formats the information from
53.Fa timeptr
54into the buffer
55.Fa buf
56according to the string pointed to by
57.Fa format .
58.Pp
59The
60.Fa format
61string consists of zero or more conversion specifications and
62ordinary characters.
63All ordinary characters are copied directly into the buffer.
64A conversion specification consists of a percent sign
65.Ql %
66and one other character.
67.Pp
68No more than
69.Fa maxsize
70characters will be placed into the array.
71If the total number of resulting characters, including the terminating
72null character, is not more than
73.Fa maxsize ,
74.Fn strftime
75returns the number of characters in the array, not counting the
76terminating null.
77Otherwise, zero is returned.
78.Pp
79Each conversion specification is replaced by the characters as
80follows which are then copied into the buffer.
81.Bl -tag -width "xxxx"
82.It Cm \&%A
83is replaced by the locale's full weekday name.
84.It Cm %a
85is replaced by the locale's abbreviated weekday name.
86.It Cm \&%B
87is replaced by the locale's full month name.
88.It Cm \&%b No or Cm \&%h
89is replaced by the locale's abbreviated month name.
90.It Cm \&%C
91is replaced by the century (a year divided by 100 and truncated to an integer)
92as a decimal number (00-99).
93.It Cm \&%c
94is replaced by the locale's appropriate date and time representation.
95.It Cm \&%D
96is replaced by the date in the format
97.Dq Li %m/%d/%y .
98.It Cm \&%d
99is replaced by the day of the month as a decimal number (01-31).
100.It Cm \&%e
101is replaced by the day of month as a decimal number (1-31);
102single digits are preceded by a blank.
103.It Cm \&%H
104is replaced by the hour (24-hour clock) as a decimal number (00-23).
105.It Cm \&%I
106is replaced by the hour (12-hour clock) as a decimal number (01-12).
107.It Cm \&%j
108is replaced by the day of the year as a decimal number (001-366).
109.It Cm \&%k
110is replaced by the hour (24-hour clock) as a decimal number (0-23);
111single digits are preceded by a blank.
112.It Cm \&%l
113is replaced by the hour (12-hour clock) as a decimal number (1-12);
114single digits are preceded by a blank.
115.It Cm \&%M
116is replaced by the minute as a decimal number (00-59).
117.It Cm %m
118is replaced by the month as a decimal number (01-12).
119.It Cm %n
120is replaced by a newline.
121.It Cm %p
122is replaced by the locale's equivalent of either
123.Dq Tn AM
124or
125.Dq Tn PM .
126.It Cm \&%R
127is replaced by the time in the format
128.Dq Li %H:%M .
129.It Cm \&%r
130is replaced by the locale's representation of 12-hour clock time
131using AM/PM notation.
132.It Cm \&%T
133is replaced by the time in the format
134.Dq Li %H:%M:%S .
135.It Cm \&%t
136is replaced by a tab.
137.It Cm \&%S
138is replaced by the second as a decimal number (00-60).
139.It Cm %s
140is replaced by the number of seconds since the Epoch, UCT (see
141.Xr mktime 3 ) .
142.It Cm \&%U
143is replaced by the week number of the year (Sunday as the first day of
144the week) as a decimal number (00-53).
145.It Cm \&%u
146is replaced by the weekday (Monday as the first day of the week)
147as a decimal number (1-7).
148.It Cm \&%V
149is replaced by the week number of the year (Monday as the first day of
150the week) as a decimal number (01-53). If the week containing January
1511 has four or more days in the new year, then it is week 1; otherwise
152it is week 53 of the previous year, and the next week is week 1.
153.It Cm \&%W
154is replaced by the week number of the year (Monday as the first day of
155the week) as a decimal number (00-53).
156.It Cm \&%w
157is replaced by the weekday (Sunday as the first day of the week)
158as a decimal number (0-6).
159.It Cm \&%X
160is replaced by the locale's appropriate date representation.
161.It Cm \&%x
162is replaced by the locale's appropriate time representation.
163.It Cm \&%Y
164is replaced by the year with century as a decimal number.
165.It Cm \&%y
166is replaced by the year without century as a decimal number (00-99).
167.It Cm \&%Z
168is replaced by the time zone name.
169.It Cm %%
170is replaced by
171.Ql % .
172.El
173.Sh SEE ALSO
174.Xr date 1 ,
175.Xr ctime 3 ,
176.Xr printf 1 ,
177.Xr printf 3
178.Sh STANDARDS
179The
180.Fn strftime
181function
182conforms to
183.St -ansiC .
184The
185.Ql \&%C ,
186.Ql \&%D ,
187.Ql \&%e ,
188.Ql \&%h ,
189.Ql \&%k ,
190.Ql \&%l ,
191.Ql \&%n ,
192.Ql \&%r ,
193.Ql \&%R ,
194.Ql \&%s .
195.Ql \&%t ,
196.Ql \&%T ,
197.Ql \&%u ,
198and
199.Ql \&%V
200conversion specifications are extensions.
201.Sh BUGS
202There is no conversion specification for the phase of the moon.
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