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1=pod
2
3=head1 NAME
4
5engine - ENGINE cryptographic module support
6
7=head1 SYNOPSIS
8
9 #include <openssl/engine.h>
10
11 ENGINE *ENGINE_get_first(void);
12 ENGINE *ENGINE_get_last(void);
13 ENGINE *ENGINE_get_next(ENGINE *e);
14 ENGINE *ENGINE_get_prev(ENGINE *e);
15
16 int ENGINE_add(ENGINE *e);
17 int ENGINE_remove(ENGINE *e);
18
19 ENGINE *ENGINE_by_id(const char *id);
20
21 int ENGINE_init(ENGINE *e);
22 int ENGINE_finish(ENGINE *e);
23
24 void ENGINE_load_openssl(void);
25 void ENGINE_load_dynamic(void);
26 void ENGINE_load_cryptodev(void);
27 void ENGINE_load_builtin_engines(void);
28
29 void ENGINE_cleanup(void);
30
31 ENGINE *ENGINE_get_default_RSA(void);
32 ENGINE *ENGINE_get_default_DSA(void);
33 ENGINE *ENGINE_get_default_ECDH(void);
34 ENGINE *ENGINE_get_default_ECDSA(void);
35 ENGINE *ENGINE_get_default_DH(void);
36 ENGINE *ENGINE_get_default_RAND(void);
37 ENGINE *ENGINE_get_cipher_engine(int nid);
38 ENGINE *ENGINE_get_digest_engine(int nid);
39
40 int ENGINE_set_default_RSA(ENGINE *e);
41 int ENGINE_set_default_DSA(ENGINE *e);
42 int ENGINE_set_default_ECDH(ENGINE *e);
43 int ENGINE_set_default_ECDSA(ENGINE *e);
44 int ENGINE_set_default_DH(ENGINE *e);
45 int ENGINE_set_default_RAND(ENGINE *e);
46 int ENGINE_set_default_ciphers(ENGINE *e);
47 int ENGINE_set_default_digests(ENGINE *e);
48 int ENGINE_set_default_string(ENGINE *e, const char *list);
49
50 int ENGINE_set_default(ENGINE *e, unsigned int flags);
51
52 unsigned int ENGINE_get_table_flags(void);
53 void ENGINE_set_table_flags(unsigned int flags);
54
55 int ENGINE_register_RSA(ENGINE *e);
56 void ENGINE_unregister_RSA(ENGINE *e);
57 void ENGINE_register_all_RSA(void);
58 int ENGINE_register_DSA(ENGINE *e);
59 void ENGINE_unregister_DSA(ENGINE *e);
60 void ENGINE_register_all_DSA(void);
61 int ENGINE_register_ECDH(ENGINE *e);
62 void ENGINE_unregister_ECDH(ENGINE *e);
63 void ENGINE_register_all_ECDH(void);
64 int ENGINE_register_ECDSA(ENGINE *e);
65 void ENGINE_unregister_ECDSA(ENGINE *e);
66 void ENGINE_register_all_ECDSA(void);
67 int ENGINE_register_DH(ENGINE *e);
68 void ENGINE_unregister_DH(ENGINE *e);
69 void ENGINE_register_all_DH(void);
70 int ENGINE_register_RAND(ENGINE *e);
71 void ENGINE_unregister_RAND(ENGINE *e);
72 void ENGINE_register_all_RAND(void);
73 int ENGINE_register_STORE(ENGINE *e);
74 void ENGINE_unregister_STORE(ENGINE *e);
75 void ENGINE_register_all_STORE(void);
76 int ENGINE_register_ciphers(ENGINE *e);
77 void ENGINE_unregister_ciphers(ENGINE *e);
78 void ENGINE_register_all_ciphers(void);
79 int ENGINE_register_digests(ENGINE *e);
80 void ENGINE_unregister_digests(ENGINE *e);
81 void ENGINE_register_all_digests(void);
82 int ENGINE_register_complete(ENGINE *e);
83 int ENGINE_register_all_complete(void);
84
85 int ENGINE_ctrl(ENGINE *e, int cmd, long i, void *p, void (*f)(void));
86 int ENGINE_cmd_is_executable(ENGINE *e, int cmd);
87 int ENGINE_ctrl_cmd(ENGINE *e, const char *cmd_name,
88 long i, void *p, void (*f)(void), int cmd_optional);
89 int ENGINE_ctrl_cmd_string(ENGINE *e, const char *cmd_name, const char *arg,
90 int cmd_optional);
91
92 int ENGINE_set_ex_data(ENGINE *e, int idx, void *arg);
93 void *ENGINE_get_ex_data(const ENGINE *e, int idx);
94
95 int ENGINE_get_ex_new_index(long argl, void *argp, CRYPTO_EX_new *new_func,
96 CRYPTO_EX_dup *dup_func, CRYPTO_EX_free *free_func);
97
98 ENGINE *ENGINE_new(void);
99 int ENGINE_free(ENGINE *e);
100 int ENGINE_up_ref(ENGINE *e);
101
102 int ENGINE_set_id(ENGINE *e, const char *id);
103 int ENGINE_set_name(ENGINE *e, const char *name);
104 int ENGINE_set_RSA(ENGINE *e, const RSA_METHOD *rsa_meth);
105 int ENGINE_set_DSA(ENGINE *e, const DSA_METHOD *dsa_meth);
106 int ENGINE_set_ECDH(ENGINE *e, const ECDH_METHOD *dh_meth);
107 int ENGINE_set_ECDSA(ENGINE *e, const ECDSA_METHOD *dh_meth);
108 int ENGINE_set_DH(ENGINE *e, const DH_METHOD *dh_meth);
109 int ENGINE_set_RAND(ENGINE *e, const RAND_METHOD *rand_meth);
110 int ENGINE_set_STORE(ENGINE *e, const STORE_METHOD *rand_meth);
111 int ENGINE_set_destroy_function(ENGINE *e, ENGINE_GEN_INT_FUNC_PTR destroy_f);
112 int ENGINE_set_init_function(ENGINE *e, ENGINE_GEN_INT_FUNC_PTR init_f);
113 int ENGINE_set_finish_function(ENGINE *e, ENGINE_GEN_INT_FUNC_PTR finish_f);
114 int ENGINE_set_ctrl_function(ENGINE *e, ENGINE_CTRL_FUNC_PTR ctrl_f);
115 int ENGINE_set_load_privkey_function(ENGINE *e, ENGINE_LOAD_KEY_PTR loadpriv_f);
116 int ENGINE_set_load_pubkey_function(ENGINE *e, ENGINE_LOAD_KEY_PTR loadpub_f);
117 int ENGINE_set_ciphers(ENGINE *e, ENGINE_CIPHERS_PTR f);
118 int ENGINE_set_digests(ENGINE *e, ENGINE_DIGESTS_PTR f);
119 int ENGINE_set_flags(ENGINE *e, int flags);
120 int ENGINE_set_cmd_defns(ENGINE *e, const ENGINE_CMD_DEFN *defns);
121
122 const char *ENGINE_get_id(const ENGINE *e);
123 const char *ENGINE_get_name(const ENGINE *e);
124 const RSA_METHOD *ENGINE_get_RSA(const ENGINE *e);
125 const DSA_METHOD *ENGINE_get_DSA(const ENGINE *e);
126 const ECDH_METHOD *ENGINE_get_ECDH(const ENGINE *e);
127 const ECDSA_METHOD *ENGINE_get_ECDSA(const ENGINE *e);
128 const DH_METHOD *ENGINE_get_DH(const ENGINE *e);
129 const RAND_METHOD *ENGINE_get_RAND(const ENGINE *e);
130 const STORE_METHOD *ENGINE_get_STORE(const ENGINE *e);
131 ENGINE_GEN_INT_FUNC_PTR ENGINE_get_destroy_function(const ENGINE *e);
132 ENGINE_GEN_INT_FUNC_PTR ENGINE_get_init_function(const ENGINE *e);
133 ENGINE_GEN_INT_FUNC_PTR ENGINE_get_finish_function(const ENGINE *e);
134 ENGINE_CTRL_FUNC_PTR ENGINE_get_ctrl_function(const ENGINE *e);
135 ENGINE_LOAD_KEY_PTR ENGINE_get_load_privkey_function(const ENGINE *e);
136 ENGINE_LOAD_KEY_PTR ENGINE_get_load_pubkey_function(const ENGINE *e);
137 ENGINE_CIPHERS_PTR ENGINE_get_ciphers(const ENGINE *e);
138 ENGINE_DIGESTS_PTR ENGINE_get_digests(const ENGINE *e);
139 const EVP_CIPHER *ENGINE_get_cipher(ENGINE *e, int nid);
140 const EVP_MD *ENGINE_get_digest(ENGINE *e, int nid);
141 int ENGINE_get_flags(const ENGINE *e);
142 const ENGINE_CMD_DEFN *ENGINE_get_cmd_defns(const ENGINE *e);
143
144 EVP_PKEY *ENGINE_load_private_key(ENGINE *e, const char *key_id,
145 UI_METHOD *ui_method, void *callback_data);
146 EVP_PKEY *ENGINE_load_public_key(ENGINE *e, const char *key_id,
147 UI_METHOD *ui_method, void *callback_data);
148
149 void ENGINE_add_conf_module(void);
150
151=head1 DESCRIPTION
152
153These functions create, manipulate, and use cryptographic modules in the
154form of B<ENGINE> objects. These objects act as containers for
155implementations of cryptographic algorithms, and support a
156reference-counted mechanism to allow them to be dynamically loaded in and
157out of the running application.
158
159The cryptographic functionality that can be provided by an B<ENGINE>
160implementation includes the following abstractions;
161
162 RSA_METHOD - for providing alternative RSA implementations
163 DSA_METHOD, DH_METHOD, RAND_METHOD, ECDH_METHOD, ECDSA_METHOD,
164 STORE_METHOD - similarly for other OpenSSL APIs
165 EVP_CIPHER - potentially multiple cipher algorithms (indexed by 'nid')
166 EVP_DIGEST - potentially multiple hash algorithms (indexed by 'nid')
167 key-loading - loading public and/or private EVP_PKEY keys
168
169=head2 Reference counting and handles
170
171Due to the modular nature of the ENGINE API, pointers to ENGINEs need to be
172treated as handles - ie. not only as pointers, but also as references to
173the underlying ENGINE object. Ie. one should obtain a new reference when
174making copies of an ENGINE pointer if the copies will be used (and
175released) independently.
176
177ENGINE objects have two levels of reference-counting to match the way in
178which the objects are used. At the most basic level, each ENGINE pointer is
179inherently a B<structural> reference - a structural reference is required
180to use the pointer value at all, as this kind of reference is a guarantee
181that the structure can not be deallocated until the reference is released.
182
183However, a structural reference provides no guarantee that the ENGINE is
184initiliased and able to use any of its cryptographic
185implementations. Indeed it's quite possible that most ENGINEs will not
186initialise at all in typical environments, as ENGINEs are typically used to
187support specialised hardware. To use an ENGINE's functionality, you need a
188B<functional> reference. This kind of reference can be considered a
189specialised form of structural reference, because each functional reference
190implicitly contains a structural reference as well - however to avoid
191difficult-to-find programming bugs, it is recommended to treat the two
192kinds of reference independently. If you have a functional reference to an
193ENGINE, you have a guarantee that the ENGINE has been initialised ready to
194perform cryptographic operations and will remain uninitialised
195until after you have released your reference.
196
197I<Structural references>
198
199This basic type of reference is used for instantiating new ENGINEs,
200iterating across OpenSSL's internal linked-list of loaded
201ENGINEs, reading information about an ENGINE, etc. Essentially a structural
202reference is sufficient if you only need to query or manipulate the data of
203an ENGINE implementation rather than use its functionality.
204
205The ENGINE_new() function returns a structural reference to a new (empty)
206ENGINE object. There are other ENGINE API functions that return structural
207references such as; ENGINE_by_id(), ENGINE_get_first(), ENGINE_get_last(),
208ENGINE_get_next(), ENGINE_get_prev(). All structural references should be
209released by a corresponding to call to the ENGINE_free() function - the
210ENGINE object itself will only actually be cleaned up and deallocated when
211the last structural reference is released.
212
213It should also be noted that many ENGINE API function calls that accept a
214structural reference will internally obtain another reference - typically
215this happens whenever the supplied ENGINE will be needed by OpenSSL after
216the function has returned. Eg. the function to add a new ENGINE to
217OpenSSL's internal list is ENGINE_add() - if this function returns success,
218then OpenSSL will have stored a new structural reference internally so the
219caller is still responsible for freeing their own reference with
220ENGINE_free() when they are finished with it. In a similar way, some
221functions will automatically release the structural reference passed to it
222if part of the function's job is to do so. Eg. the ENGINE_get_next() and
223ENGINE_get_prev() functions are used for iterating across the internal
224ENGINE list - they will return a new structural reference to the next (or
225previous) ENGINE in the list or NULL if at the end (or beginning) of the
226list, but in either case the structural reference passed to the function is
227released on behalf of the caller.
228
229To clarify a particular function's handling of references, one should
230always consult that function's documentation "man" page, or failing that
231the openssl/engine.h header file includes some hints.
232
233I<Functional references>
234
235As mentioned, functional references exist when the cryptographic
236functionality of an ENGINE is required to be available. A functional
237reference can be obtained in one of two ways; from an existing structural
238reference to the required ENGINE, or by asking OpenSSL for the default
239operational ENGINE for a given cryptographic purpose.
240
241To obtain a functional reference from an existing structural reference,
242call the ENGINE_init() function. This returns zero if the ENGINE was not
243already operational and couldn't be successfully initialised (eg. lack of
244system drivers, no special hardware attached, etc), otherwise it will
245return non-zero to indicate that the ENGINE is now operational and will
246have allocated a new B<functional> reference to the ENGINE. All functional
247references are released by calling ENGINE_finish() (which removes the
248implicit structural reference as well).
249
250The second way to get a functional reference is by asking OpenSSL for a
251default implementation for a given task, eg. by ENGINE_get_default_RSA(),
252ENGINE_get_default_cipher_engine(), etc. These are discussed in the next
253section, though they are not usually required by application programmers as
254they are used automatically when creating and using the relevant
255algorithm-specific types in OpenSSL, such as RSA, DSA, EVP_CIPHER_CTX, etc.
256
257=head2 Default implementations
258
259For each supported abstraction, the ENGINE code maintains an internal table
260of state to control which implementations are available for a given
261abstraction and which should be used by default. These implementations are
262registered in the tables and indexed by an 'nid' value, because
263abstractions like EVP_CIPHER and EVP_DIGEST support many distinct
264algorithms and modes, and ENGINEs can support arbitrarily many of them.
265In the case of other abstractions like RSA, DSA, etc, there is only one
266"algorithm" so all implementations implicitly register using the same 'nid'
267index.
268
269When a default ENGINE is requested for a given abstraction/algorithm/mode, (eg.
270when calling RSA_new_method(NULL)), a "get_default" call will be made to the
271ENGINE subsystem to process the corresponding state table and return a
272functional reference to an initialised ENGINE whose implementation should be
273used. If no ENGINE should (or can) be used, it will return NULL and the caller
274will operate with a NULL ENGINE handle - this usually equates to using the
275conventional software implementation. In the latter case, OpenSSL will from
276then on behave the way it used to before the ENGINE API existed.
277
278Each state table has a flag to note whether it has processed this
279"get_default" query since the table was last modified, because to process
280this question it must iterate across all the registered ENGINEs in the
281table trying to initialise each of them in turn, in case one of them is
282operational. If it returns a functional reference to an ENGINE, it will
283also cache another reference to speed up processing future queries (without
284needing to iterate across the table). Likewise, it will cache a NULL
285response if no ENGINE was available so that future queries won't repeat the
286same iteration unless the state table changes. This behaviour can also be
287changed; if the ENGINE_TABLE_FLAG_NOINIT flag is set (using
288ENGINE_set_table_flags()), no attempted initialisations will take place,
289instead the only way for the state table to return a non-NULL ENGINE to the
290"get_default" query will be if one is expressly set in the table. Eg.
291ENGINE_set_default_RSA() does the same job as ENGINE_register_RSA() except
292that it also sets the state table's cached response for the "get_default"
293query. In the case of abstractions like EVP_CIPHER, where implementations are
294indexed by 'nid', these flags and cached-responses are distinct for each 'nid'
295value.
296
297=head2 Application requirements
298
299This section will explain the basic things an application programmer should
300support to make the most useful elements of the ENGINE functionality
301available to the user. The first thing to consider is whether the
302programmer wishes to make alternative ENGINE modules available to the
303application and user. OpenSSL maintains an internal linked list of
304"visible" ENGINEs from which it has to operate - at start-up, this list is
305empty and in fact if an application does not call any ENGINE API calls and
306it uses static linking against openssl, then the resulting application
307binary will not contain any alternative ENGINE code at all. So the first
308consideration is whether any/all available ENGINE implementations should be
309made visible to OpenSSL - this is controlled by calling the various "load"
310functions, eg.
311
312 /* Make ALL ENGINE implementations bundled with OpenSSL available */
313 ENGINE_load_builtin_engines();
314
315Note that ENGINE_load_dynamic(void) is a placeholder and does not enable
316dynamic engine loading support.
317
318Having called any of these functions, ENGINE objects would have been
319dynamically allocated and populated with these implementations and linked
320into OpenSSL's internal linked list. At this point it is important to
321mention an important API function;
322
323 void ENGINE_cleanup(void);
324
325If no ENGINE API functions are called at all in an application, then there
326are no inherent memory leaks to worry about from the ENGINE functionality,
327however if any ENGINEs are loaded, even if they are never registered or
328used, it is necessary to use the ENGINE_cleanup() function to
329correspondingly cleanup before program exit, if the caller wishes to avoid
330memory leaks. This mechanism uses an internal callback registration table
331so that any ENGINE API functionality that knows it requires cleanup can
332register its cleanup details to be called during ENGINE_cleanup(). This
333approach allows ENGINE_cleanup() to clean up after any ENGINE functionality
334at all that your program uses, yet doesn't automatically create linker
335dependencies to all possible ENGINE functionality - only the cleanup
336callbacks required by the functionality you do use will be required by the
337linker.
338
339The fact that ENGINEs are made visible to OpenSSL (and thus are linked into
340the program and loaded into memory at run-time) does not mean they are
341"registered" or called into use by OpenSSL automatically - that behaviour
342is something for the application to control. Some applications
343will want to allow the user to specify exactly which ENGINE they want used
344if any is to be used at all. Others may prefer to load all support and have
345OpenSSL automatically use at run-time any ENGINE that is able to
346successfully initialise - ie. to assume that this corresponds to
347acceleration hardware attached to the machine or some such thing. There are
348probably numerous other ways in which applications may prefer to handle
349things, so we will simply illustrate the consequences as they apply to a
350couple of simple cases and leave developers to consider these and the
351source code to openssl's builtin utilities as guides.
352
353I<Using a specific ENGINE implementation>
354
355Here we'll assume an application has been configured by its user or admin
356to want to use the "ACME" ENGINE if it is available in the version of
357OpenSSL the application was compiled with. If it is available, it should be
358used by default for all RSA, DSA, and symmetric cipher operation, otherwise
359OpenSSL should use its builtin software as per usual. The following code
360illustrates how to approach this;
361
362 ENGINE *e;
363 const char *engine_id = "ACME";
364 ENGINE_load_builtin_engines();
365 e = ENGINE_by_id(engine_id);
366 if (!e)
367 /* the engine isn't available */
368 return;
369 if (!ENGINE_init(e)) {
370 /* the engine couldn't initialise, release 'e' */
371 ENGINE_free(e);
372 return;
373 }
374 if (!ENGINE_set_default_RSA(e))
375 /* This should only happen when 'e' can't initialise, but the previous
376 * statement suggests it did. */
377 abort();
378 ENGINE_set_default_DSA(e);
379 ENGINE_set_default_ciphers(e);
380 /* Release the functional reference from ENGINE_init() */
381 ENGINE_finish(e);
382 /* Release the structural reference from ENGINE_by_id() */
383 ENGINE_free(e);
384
385I<Automatically using builtin ENGINE implementations>
386
387Here we'll assume we want to load and register all ENGINE implementations
388bundled with OpenSSL, such that for any cryptographic algorithm required by
389OpenSSL - if there is an ENGINE that implements it and can be initialise,
390it should be used. The following code illustrates how this can work;
391
392 /* Load all bundled ENGINEs into memory and make them visible */
393 ENGINE_load_builtin_engines();
394 /* Register all of them for every algorithm they collectively implement */
395 ENGINE_register_all_complete();
396
397That's all that's required. Eg. the next time OpenSSL tries to set up an
398RSA key, any bundled ENGINEs that implement RSA_METHOD will be passed to
399ENGINE_init() and if any of those succeed, that ENGINE will be set as the
400default for RSA use from then on.
401
402=head2 Advanced configuration support
403
404There is a mechanism supported by the ENGINE framework that allows each
405ENGINE implementation to define an arbitrary set of configuration
406"commands" and expose them to OpenSSL and any applications based on
407OpenSSL. This mechanism is entirely based on the use of name-value pairs
408and assumes ASCII input (no unicode or UTF for now!), so it is ideal if
409applications want to provide a transparent way for users to provide
410arbitrary configuration "directives" directly to such ENGINEs. It is also
411possible for the application to dynamically interrogate the loaded ENGINE
412implementations for the names, descriptions, and input flags of their
413available "control commands", providing a more flexible configuration
414scheme. However, if the user is expected to know which ENGINE device he/she
415is using (in the case of specialised hardware, this goes without saying)
416then applications may not need to concern themselves with discovering the
417supported control commands and simply prefer to pass settings into ENGINEs
418exactly as they are provided by the user.
419
420Before illustrating how control commands work, it is worth mentioning what
421they are typically used for. Broadly speaking there are two uses for
422control commands; the first is to provide the necessary details to the
423implementation (which may know nothing at all specific to the host system)
424so that it can be initialised for use. This could include the path to any
425driver or config files it needs to load, required network addresses,
426smart-card identifiers, passwords to initialise protected devices,
427logging information, etc etc. This class of commands typically needs to be
428passed to an ENGINE B<before> attempting to initialise it, ie. before
429calling ENGINE_init(). The other class of commands consist of settings or
430operations that tweak certain behaviour or cause certain operations to take
431place, and these commands may work either before or after ENGINE_init(), or
432in some cases both. ENGINE implementations should provide indications of
433this in the descriptions attached to builtin control commands and/or in
434external product documentation.
435
436I<Issuing control commands to an ENGINE>
437
438Let's illustrate by example; a function for which the caller supplies the
439name of the ENGINE it wishes to use, a table of string-pairs for use before
440initialisation, and another table for use after initialisation. Note that
441the string-pairs used for control commands consist of a command "name"
442followed by the command "parameter" - the parameter could be NULL in some
443cases but the name can not. This function should initialise the ENGINE
444(issuing the "pre" commands beforehand and the "post" commands afterwards)
445and set it as the default for everything except RAND and then return a
446boolean success or failure.
447
448 int
449 generic_load_engine_fn(const char *engine_id,
450 const char **pre_cmds, int pre_num,
451 const char **post_cmds, int post_num)
452 {
453 ENGINE *e = ENGINE_by_id(engine_id);
454
455 if (!e)
456 return 0;
457 while (pre_num--) {
458 if (!ENGINE_ctrl_cmd_string(e,
459 pre_cmds[0], pre_cmds[1], 0)) {
460 fprintf(stderr,
461 "Failed command (%s - %s:%s)\n",
462 engine_id, pre_cmds[0],
463 pre_cmds[1] ? pre_cmds[1] : "(NULL)");
464 ENGINE_free(e);
465 return 0;
466 }
467 pre_cmds += 2;
468 }
469 if (!ENGINE_init(e)) {
470 fprintf(stderr, "Failed initialisation\n");
471 ENGINE_free(e);
472 return 0;
473 }
474 /*
475 * ENGINE_init() returned a functional reference,
476 * so free the structural reference from
477 * ENGINE_by_id().
478 */
479 ENGINE_free(e);
480 while (post_num--) {
481 if (!ENGINE_ctrl_cmd_string(e,
482 post_cmds[0], post_cmds[1], 0)) {
483 fprintf(stderr,
484 "Failed command (%s - %s:%s)\n",
485 engine_id, post_cmds[0],
486 post_cmds[1] ? post_cmds[1] : "(NULL)");
487 ENGINE_finish(e);
488 return 0;
489 }
490 post_cmds += 2;
491 }
492 ENGINE_set_default(e, ENGINE_METHOD_ALL & ~ENGINE_METHOD_RAND);
493 /* Success */
494 return 1;
495}
496
497Note that ENGINE_ctrl_cmd_string() accepts a boolean argument that can
498relax the semantics of the function - if set non-zero it will only return
499failure if the ENGINE supported the given command name but failed while
500executing it, if the ENGINE doesn't support the command name it will simply
501return success without doing anything. In this case we assume the user is
502only supplying commands specific to the given ENGINE so we set this to
503FALSE.
504
505I<Discovering supported control commands>
506
507It is possible to discover at run-time the names, numerical-ids, descriptions
508and input parameters of the control commands supported by an ENGINE using a
509structural reference. Note that some control commands are defined by OpenSSL
510itself and it will intercept and handle these control commands on behalf of the
511ENGINE, ie. the ENGINE's ctrl() handler is not used for the control command.
512openssl/engine.h defines an index, ENGINE_CMD_BASE, that all control commands
513implemented by ENGINEs should be numbered from. Any command value lower than
514this symbol is considered a "generic" command is handled directly by the
515OpenSSL core routines.
516
517It is using these "core" control commands that one can discover the control
518commands implemented by a given ENGINE, specifically the commands;
519
520 #define ENGINE_HAS_CTRL_FUNCTION 10
521 #define ENGINE_CTRL_GET_FIRST_CMD_TYPE 11
522 #define ENGINE_CTRL_GET_NEXT_CMD_TYPE 12
523 #define ENGINE_CTRL_GET_CMD_FROM_NAME 13
524 #define ENGINE_CTRL_GET_NAME_LEN_FROM_CMD 14
525 #define ENGINE_CTRL_GET_NAME_FROM_CMD 15
526 #define ENGINE_CTRL_GET_DESC_LEN_FROM_CMD 16
527 #define ENGINE_CTRL_GET_DESC_FROM_CMD 17
528 #define ENGINE_CTRL_GET_CMD_FLAGS 18
529
530Whilst these commands are automatically processed by the OpenSSL framework code,
531they use various properties exposed by each ENGINE to process these
532queries. An ENGINE has 3 properties it exposes that can affect how this behaves;
533it can supply a ctrl() handler, it can specify ENGINE_FLAGS_MANUAL_CMD_CTRL in
534the ENGINE's flags, and it can expose an array of control command descriptions.
535If an ENGINE specifies the ENGINE_FLAGS_MANUAL_CMD_CTRL flag, then it will
536simply pass all these "core" control commands directly to the ENGINE's ctrl()
537handler (and thus, it must have supplied one), so it is up to the ENGINE to
538reply to these "discovery" commands itself. If that flag is not set, then the
539OpenSSL framework code will work with the following rules;
540
541 if no ctrl() handler supplied;
542 ENGINE_HAS_CTRL_FUNCTION returns FALSE (zero),
543 all other commands fail.
544 if a ctrl() handler was supplied but no array of control commands;
545 ENGINE_HAS_CTRL_FUNCTION returns TRUE,
546 all other commands fail.
547 if a ctrl() handler and array of control commands was supplied;
548 ENGINE_HAS_CTRL_FUNCTION returns TRUE,
549 all other commands proceed processing ...
550
551If the ENGINE's array of control commands is empty then all other commands will
552fail, otherwise; ENGINE_CTRL_GET_FIRST_CMD_TYPE returns the identifier of
553the first command supported by the ENGINE, ENGINE_GET_NEXT_CMD_TYPE takes the
554identifier of a command supported by the ENGINE and returns the next command
555identifier or fails if there are no more, ENGINE_CMD_FROM_NAME takes a string
556name for a command and returns the corresponding identifier or fails if no such
557command name exists, and the remaining commands take a command identifier and
558return properties of the corresponding commands. All except
559ENGINE_CTRL_GET_FLAGS return the string length of a command name or description,
560or populate a supplied character buffer with a copy of the command name or
561description. ENGINE_CTRL_GET_FLAGS returns a bitwise-OR'd mask of the following
562possible values;
563
564 #define ENGINE_CMD_FLAG_NUMERIC (unsigned int)0x0001
565 #define ENGINE_CMD_FLAG_STRING (unsigned int)0x0002
566 #define ENGINE_CMD_FLAG_NO_INPUT (unsigned int)0x0004
567 #define ENGINE_CMD_FLAG_INTERNAL (unsigned int)0x0008
568
569If the ENGINE_CMD_FLAG_INTERNAL flag is set, then any other flags are purely
570informational to the caller - this flag will prevent the command being usable
571for any higher-level ENGINE functions such as ENGINE_ctrl_cmd_string().
572"INTERNAL" commands are not intended to be exposed to text-based configuration
573by applications, administrations, users, etc. These can support arbitrary
574operations via ENGINE_ctrl(), including passing to and/or from the control
575commands data of any arbitrary type. These commands are supported in the
576discovery mechanisms simply to allow applications determinie if an ENGINE
577supports certain specific commands it might want to use (eg. application "foo"
578might query various ENGINEs to see if they implement "FOO_GET_VENDOR_LOGO_GIF" -
579and ENGINE could therefore decide whether or not to support this "foo"-specific
580extension).
581
582=head2 Future developments
583
584The ENGINE API and internal architecture is currently being reviewed. Slated for
585possible release in 0.9.8 is support for transparent loading of "dynamic"
586ENGINEs (built as self-contained shared-libraries). This would allow ENGINE
587implementations to be provided independently of OpenSSL libraries and/or
588OpenSSL-based applications, and would also remove any requirement for
589applications to explicitly use the "dynamic" ENGINE to bind to shared-library
590implementations.
591
592=head1 SEE ALSO
593
594L<rsa(3)|rsa(3)>, L<dsa(3)|dsa(3)>, L<dh(3)|dh(3)>, L<rand(3)|rand(3)>
595
596=cut