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1.\" $OpenBSD: BN_new.3,v 1.31 2023/07/26 20:08:59 tb Exp $
2.\" full merge up to: OpenSSL man3/BN_new 2457c19d Mar 6 08:43:36 2004 +0000
3.\" selective merge up to: man3/BN_new 681acb31 Sep 29 13:10:34 2017 +0200
4.\" full merge up to: OpenSSL man7/bn 05ea606a May 20 20:52:46 2016 -0400
5.\"
6.\" This file was written by Ulf Moeller <ulf@openssl.org>.
7.\" Copyright (c) 2000, 2004 The OpenSSL Project. All rights reserved.
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53.Dd $Mdocdate: July 26 2023 $
54.Dt BN_NEW 3
55.Os
56.Sh NAME
57.Nm BN_new ,
58.Nm BN_clear ,
59.Nm BN_free ,
60.Nm BN_clear_free
61.Nd allocate and free BIGNUMs
62.Sh SYNOPSIS
63.In openssl/bn.h
64.Ft BIGNUM *
65.Fo BN_new
66.Fa void
67.Fc
68.Ft void
69.Fo BN_clear
70.Fa "BIGNUM *a"
71.Fc
72.Ft void
73.Fo BN_free
74.Fa "BIGNUM *a"
75.Fc
76.Ft void
77.Fo BN_clear_free
78.Fa "BIGNUM *a"
79.Fc
80.Sh DESCRIPTION
81The BN library performs arithmetic operations on integers of arbitrary
82size.
83It was written for use in public key cryptography, such as RSA and
84Diffie-Hellman.
85.Pp
86It uses dynamic memory allocation for storing its data structures.
87That means that there is no limit on the size of the numbers manipulated
88by these functions, but return values must always be checked in case a
89memory allocation error has occurred.
90.Pp
91The basic object in this library is a
92.Vt BIGNUM .
93It is used to hold a single large integer.
94This type should be considered opaque and fields should not be modified
95or accessed directly.
96.Pp
97.Fn BN_new
98allocates and initializes a
99.Vt BIGNUM
100structure, in particular setting the value to zero and the flags to
101.Dv BN_FLG_MALLOCED .
102The security-relevant flag
103.Dv BN_FLG_CONSTTIME
104is not set by default.
105.Pp
106.Fn BN_clear
107is used to destroy sensitive data such as keys when they are no longer
108needed.
109It erases the memory used by
110.Fa a
111and sets it to the value 0.
112.Pp
113.Fn BN_free
114frees the components of the
115.Vt BIGNUM
116and, if it was created by
117.Fn BN_new ,
118also the structure itself.
119.Fn BN_clear_free
120additionally overwrites the data before the memory is returned to the
121system.
122If
123.Fa a
124is a
125.Dv NULL
126pointer, no action occurs.
127.Sh RETURN VALUES
128.Fn BN_new
129returns a pointer to the
130.Vt BIGNUM .
131If the allocation fails, it returns
132.Dv NULL
133and sets an error code that can be obtained by
134.Xr ERR_get_error 3 .
135.Sh SEE ALSO
136.Xr BN_add 3 ,
137.Xr BN_add_word 3 ,
138.Xr BN_bn2bin 3 ,
139.Xr BN_cmp 3 ,
140.Xr BN_copy 3 ,
141.Xr BN_CTX_new 3 ,
142.Xr BN_CTX_start 3 ,
143.Xr BN_generate_prime 3 ,
144.Xr BN_get_rfc3526_prime_8192 3 ,
145.Xr BN_kronecker 3 ,
146.Xr BN_mod_inverse 3 ,
147.Xr BN_mod_mul_montgomery 3 ,
148.Xr BN_mod_sqrt 3 ,
149.Xr BN_num_bytes 3 ,
150.Xr BN_rand 3 ,
151.Xr BN_security_bits 3 ,
152.Xr BN_set_bit 3 ,
153.Xr BN_set_flags 3 ,
154.Xr BN_set_negative 3 ,
155.Xr BN_swap 3 ,
156.Xr BN_zero 3 ,
157.Xr crypto 3
158.Sh HISTORY
159.Fn BN_new ,
160.Fn BN_clear ,
161.Fn BN_free ,
162and
163.Fn BN_clear_free
164first appeared in SSLeay 0.5.1 and have been available since
165.Ox 2.4 .
generated by cgit v1.2.3-55-g6feb (git 2.39.1) at 2025-12-23 15:35:09 +0000