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1.\" $OpenBSD: SSL_shutdown.3,v 1.5 2018/03/27 17:35:50 schwarze Exp $
2.\" OpenSSL b97fdb57 Nov 11 09:33:09 2016 +0100
3.\"
4.\" This file was written by Lutz Jaenicke <jaenicke@openssl.org>.
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52.Dd $Mdocdate: March 27 2018 $
53.Dt SSL_SHUTDOWN 3
54.Os
55.Sh NAME
56.Nm SSL_shutdown
57.Nd shut down a TLS/SSL connection
58.Sh SYNOPSIS
59.In openssl/ssl.h
60.Ft int
61.Fn SSL_shutdown "SSL *ssl"
62.Sh DESCRIPTION
63.Fn SSL_shutdown
64shuts down an active TLS/SSL connection.
65It sends the
66.Dq close notify
67shutdown alert to the peer.
68.Pp
69.Fn SSL_shutdown
70tries to send the
71.Dq close notify
72shutdown alert to the peer.
73Whether the operation succeeds or not, the
74.Dv SSL_SENT_SHUTDOWN
75flag is set and a currently open session is considered closed and good and will
76be kept in the session cache for further reuse.
77.Pp
78The shutdown procedure consists of 2 steps: the sending of the
79.Dq close notify
80shutdown alert and the reception of the peer's
81.Dq close notify
82shutdown alert.
83According to the TLS standard, it is acceptable for an application to only send
84its shutdown alert and then close the underlying connection without waiting for
85the peer's response (this way resources can be saved, as the process can
86already terminate or serve another connection).
87When the underlying connection shall be used for more communications,
88the complete shutdown procedure (bidirectional
89.Dq close notify
90alerts) must be performed, so that the peers stay synchronized.
91.Pp
92.Fn SSL_shutdown
93supports both uni- and bidirectional shutdown by its 2 step behavior.
94.Pp
95When the application is the first party to send the
96.Dq close notify
97alert,
98.Fn SSL_shutdown
99will only send the alert and then set the
100.Dv SSL_SENT_SHUTDOWN
101flag (so that the session is considered good and will be kept in cache).
102.Fn SSL_shutdown
103will then return 0.
104If a unidirectional shutdown is enough
105(the underlying connection shall be closed anyway), this first call to
106.Fn SSL_shutdown
107is sufficient.
108In order to complete the bidirectional shutdown handshake,
109.Fn SSL_shutdown
110must be called again.
111The second call will make
112.Fn SSL_shutdown
113wait for the peer's
114.Dq close notify
115shutdown alert.
116On success, the second call to
117.Fn SSL_shutdown
118will return 1.
119.Pp
120If the peer already sent the
121.Dq close notify
122alert and it was already processed implicitly inside another function
123.Pq Xr SSL_read 3 ,
124the
125.Dv SSL_RECEIVED_SHUTDOWN
126flag is set.
127.Fn SSL_shutdown
128will send the
129.Dq close notify
130alert, set the
131.Dv SSL_SENT_SHUTDOWN
132flag and will immediately return with 1.
133Whether
134.Dv SSL_RECEIVED_SHUTDOWN
135is already set can be checked using the
136.Fn SSL_get_shutdown
137(see also the
138.Xr SSL_set_shutdown 3
139call).
140.Pp
141It is therefore recommended to check the return value of
142.Fn SSL_shutdown
143and call
144.Fn SSL_shutdown
145again, if the bidirectional shutdown is not yet complete (return value of the
146first call is 0).
147.Pp
148The behaviour of
149.Fn SSL_shutdown
150additionally depends on the underlying
151.Vt BIO .
152.Pp
153If the underlying
154.Vt BIO
155is
156.Em blocking ,
157.Fn SSL_shutdown
158will only return once the
159handshake step has been finished or an error occurred.
160.Pp
161If the underlying
162.Vt BIO
163is
164.Em non-blocking ,
165.Fn SSL_shutdown
166will also return when the underlying
167.Vt BIO
168could not satisfy the needs of
169.Fn SSL_shutdown
170to continue the handshake.
171In this case a call to
172.Xr SSL_get_error 3
173with the
174return value of
175.Fn SSL_shutdown
176will yield
177.Dv SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ
178or
179.Dv SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE .
180The calling process then must repeat the call after taking appropriate action
181to satisfy the needs of
182.Fn SSL_shutdown .
183The action depends on the underlying
184.Vt BIO .
185When using a non-blocking socket, nothing is to be done, but
186.Xr select 2
187can be used to check for the required condition.
188When using a buffering
189.Vt BIO ,
190like a
191.Vt BIO
192pair, data must be written into or retrieved out of the
193.Vt BIO
194before being able to continue.
195.Pp
196.Fn SSL_shutdown
197can be modified to only set the connection to
198.Dq shutdown
199state but not actually send the
200.Dq close notify
201alert messages; see
202.Xr SSL_CTX_set_quiet_shutdown 3 .
203When
204.Dq quiet shutdown
205is enabled,
206.Fn SSL_shutdown
207will always succeed and return 1.
208.Sh RETURN VALUES
209The following return values can occur:
210.Bl -tag -width Ds
211.It 0
212The shutdown is not yet finished.
213Call
214.Fn SSL_shutdown
215for a second time, if a bidirectional shutdown shall be performed.
216The output of
217.Xr SSL_get_error 3
218may be misleading, as an erroneous
219.Dv SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL
220may be flagged even though no error occurred.
221.It 1
222The shutdown was successfully completed.
223The
224.Dq close notify
225alert was sent and the peer's
226.Dq close notify
227alert was received.
228.It \(mi1
229The shutdown was not successful because a fatal error occurred either
230at the protocol level or a connection failure occurred.
231It can also occur if action is need to continue the operation for non-blocking
232.Vt BIO Ns
233s.
234Call
235.Xr SSL_get_error 3
236with the return value
237.Fa ret
238to find out the reason.
239.El
240.Sh SEE ALSO
241.Xr BIO_new 3 ,
242.Xr ssl 3 ,
243.Xr SSL_accept 3 ,
244.Xr SSL_clear 3 ,
245.Xr SSL_connect 3 ,
246.Xr SSL_CTX_set_quiet_shutdown 3 ,
247.Xr SSL_free 3 ,
248.Xr SSL_get_error 3 ,
249.Xr SSL_set_shutdown 3
250.Sh HISTORY
251.Fn SSL_shutdown
252first appeared in SSLeay 0.8.0 and has been available since
253.Ox 2.4 .