1 files changed, 1009 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/src/dutil/pathutil.cpp b/src/dutil/pathutil.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c508dd32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/dutil/pathutil.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,1009 @@
+// Copyright (c) .NET Foundation and contributors. All rights reserved. Licensed under the Microsoft Reciprocal License. See LICENSE.TXT file in the project root for full license information.
+
+#include "precomp.h"
+
+#define PATH_GOOD_ENOUGH 64
+
+
+DAPI_(HRESULT) PathCommandLineAppend(
+    __deref_out_z LPWSTR* psczCommandLine,
+    __in_z LPCWSTR wzArgument
+    )
+{
+    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
+    LPWSTR sczQuotedArg = NULL;
+    BOOL fRequiresQuoting = FALSE;
+    DWORD dwMaxEscapedSize = 0;
+
+    // Loop through the argument determining if it needs to be quoted and what the maximum
+    // size would be if there are escape characters required.
+    for (LPCWSTR pwz = wzArgument; *pwz; ++pwz)
+    {
+        // Arguments with whitespace need quoting.
+        if (L' ' == *pwz || L'\t' == *pwz || L'\n' == *pwz || L'\v' == *pwz)
+        {
+            fRequiresQuoting = TRUE;
+        }
+        else if (L'"' == *pwz) // quotes need quoting and sometimes escaping.
+        {
+            fRequiresQuoting = TRUE;
+            ++dwMaxEscapedSize;
+        }
+        else if (L'\\' == *pwz) // some backslashes need escaping, so we'll count them all to make sure there is room.
+        {
+            ++dwMaxEscapedSize;
+        }
+
+        ++dwMaxEscapedSize;
+    }
+
+    // If we found anything in the argument that requires our argument to be quoted
+    if (fRequiresQuoting)
+    {
+        hr = StrAlloc(&sczQuotedArg, dwMaxEscapedSize + 3); // plus three for the start and end quote plus null terminator.
+        ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to allocate argument to be quoted.");
+
+        LPCWSTR pwz = wzArgument; 
+        LPWSTR pwzQuoted = sczQuotedArg;
+
+        *pwzQuoted = L'"';
+        ++pwzQuoted;
+        while (*pwz)
+        {
+            DWORD dwBackslashes = 0;
+            while (L'\\' == *pwz)
+            {
+                ++dwBackslashes;
+                ++pwz;
+            }
+
+            // Escape all backslashes at the end of the string.
+            if (!*pwz)
+            {
+                dwBackslashes *= 2;
+            }
+            else if (L'"' == *pwz) // escape all backslashes before the quote and escape the quote itself.
+            {
+                dwBackslashes = dwBackslashes * 2 + 1;
+            }
+            // the backslashes don't have to be escaped.
+
+            // Add the appropriate number of backslashes
+            for (DWORD i = 0; i < dwBackslashes; ++i)
+            {
+                *pwzQuoted = L'\\';
+                ++pwzQuoted;
+            }
+
+            // If there is a character, add it after all the escaped backslashes
+            if (*pwz)
+            {
+                *pwzQuoted = *pwz;
+                ++pwz;
+                ++pwzQuoted;
+            }
+        }
+
+        *pwzQuoted = L'"';
+        ++pwzQuoted;
+        *pwzQuoted = L'\0'; // ensure the arg is null terminated.
+    }
+
+    // If there is already data in the command line, append a space before appending the
+    // argument.
+    if (*psczCommandLine && **psczCommandLine)
+    {
+        hr = StrAllocConcat(psczCommandLine, L" ", 0);
+        ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to append space to command line with existing data.");
+    }
+
+    hr = StrAllocConcat(psczCommandLine, sczQuotedArg ? sczQuotedArg : wzArgument, 0);
+    ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to copy command line argument.");
+
+LExit:
+    ReleaseStr(sczQuotedArg);
+
+    return hr;
+}
+
+
+DAPI_(LPWSTR) PathFile(
+    __in_z LPCWSTR wzPath
+    )
+{
+    if (!wzPath)
+    {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    LPWSTR wzFile = const_cast<LPWSTR>(wzPath);
+    for (LPWSTR wz = wzFile; *wz; ++wz)
+    {
+        // valid delineators 
+        //     \ => Windows path
+        //     / => unix and URL path
+        //     : => relative path from mapped root
+        if (L'\\' == *wz || L'/' == *wz || (L':' == *wz && wz == wzPath + 1))
+        {
+            wzFile = wz + 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return wzFile;
+}
+
+
+DAPI_(LPCWSTR) PathExtension(
+    __in_z LPCWSTR wzPath
+    )
+{
+    if (!wzPath)
+    {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    // Find the last dot in the last thing that could be a file.
+    LPCWSTR wzExtension = NULL;
+    for (LPCWSTR wz = wzPath; *wz; ++wz)
+    {
+        if (L'\\' == *wz || L'/' == *wz || L':' == *wz)
+        {
+            wzExtension = NULL;
+        }
+        else if (L'.' == *wz)
+        {
+            wzExtension = wz;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return wzExtension;
+}
+
+
+DAPI_(HRESULT) PathGetDirectory(
+    __in_z LPCWSTR wzPath,
+    __out LPWSTR *psczDirectory
+    )
+{
+    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
+    DWORD cchDirectory = DWORD_MAX;
+
+    for (LPCWSTR wz = wzPath; *wz; ++wz)
+    {
+        // valid delineators:
+        //     \ => Windows path
+        //     / => unix and URL path
+        //     : => relative path from mapped root
+        if (L'\\' == *wz || L'/' == *wz || (L':' == *wz && wz == wzPath + 1))
+        {
+            cchDirectory = static_cast<DWORD>(wz - wzPath) + 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (DWORD_MAX == cchDirectory)
+    {
+        // we were given just a file name, so there's no directory available
+        return S_FALSE;
+    }
+
+    if (wzPath[0] == L'\"')
+    {
+        ++wzPath;
+        --cchDirectory;
+    }
+
+    hr = StrAllocString(psczDirectory, wzPath, cchDirectory);
+    ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to copy directory.");
+
+LExit:
+    return hr;
+}
+
+
+DAPI_(HRESULT) PathExpand(
+    __out LPWSTR *psczFullPath,
+    __in_z LPCWSTR wzRelativePath,
+    __in DWORD dwResolveFlags
+    )
+{
+    Assert(wzRelativePath && *wzRelativePath);
+
+    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
+    DWORD cch = 0;
+    LPWSTR sczExpandedPath = NULL;
+    DWORD cchExpandedPath = 0;
+
+    LPWSTR sczFullPath = NULL;
+
+    //
+    // First, expand any environment variables.
+    //
+    if (dwResolveFlags & PATH_EXPAND_ENVIRONMENT)
+    {
+        cchExpandedPath = PATH_GOOD_ENOUGH;
+
+        hr = StrAlloc(&sczExpandedPath, cchExpandedPath);
+        ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to allocate space for expanded path.");
+
+        cch = ::ExpandEnvironmentStringsW(wzRelativePath, sczExpandedPath, cchExpandedPath);
+        if (0 == cch)
+        {
+            ExitWithLastError(hr, "Failed to expand environment variables in string: %ls", wzRelativePath);
+        }
+        else if (cchExpandedPath < cch)
+        {
+            cchExpandedPath = cch;
+            hr = StrAlloc(&sczExpandedPath, cchExpandedPath);
+            ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to re-allocate more space for expanded path.");
+
+            cch = ::ExpandEnvironmentStringsW(wzRelativePath, sczExpandedPath, cchExpandedPath);
+            if (0 == cch)
+            {
+                ExitWithLastError(hr, "Failed to expand environment variables in string: %ls", wzRelativePath);
+            }
+            else if (cchExpandedPath < cch)
+            {
+                hr = HRESULT_FROM_WIN32(ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER);
+                ExitOnRootFailure(hr, "Failed to allocate buffer for expanded path.");
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (MAX_PATH < cch)
+        {
+            hr = PathPrefix(&sczExpandedPath); // ignore invald arg from path prefix because this may not be a complete path yet
+            if (E_INVALIDARG == hr)
+            {
+                hr = S_OK;
+            }
+            ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to prefix long path after expanding environment variables.");
+
+            hr = StrMaxLength(sczExpandedPath, reinterpret_cast<DWORD_PTR *>(&cchExpandedPath));
+            ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to get max length of expanded path.");
+        }
+    }
+
+    //
+    // Second, get the full path.
+    //
+    if (dwResolveFlags & PATH_EXPAND_FULLPATH)
+    {
+        LPWSTR wzFileName = NULL;
+        LPCWSTR wzPath = sczExpandedPath ? sczExpandedPath : wzRelativePath;
+        DWORD cchFullPath = PATH_GOOD_ENOUGH < cchExpandedPath ? cchExpandedPath : PATH_GOOD_ENOUGH;
+
+        hr = StrAlloc(&sczFullPath, cchFullPath);
+        ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to allocate space for full path.");
+
+        cch = ::GetFullPathNameW(wzPath, cchFullPath, sczFullPath, &wzFileName);
+        if (0 == cch)
+        {
+            ExitWithLastError(hr, "Failed to get full path for string: %ls", wzPath);
+        }
+        else if (cchFullPath < cch)
+        {
+            cchFullPath = cch < MAX_PATH ? cch : cch + 7; // ensure space for "\\?\UNC" prefix if needed
+            hr = StrAlloc(&sczFullPath, cchFullPath);
+            ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to re-allocate more space for full path.");
+
+            cch = ::GetFullPathNameW(wzPath, cchFullPath, sczFullPath, &wzFileName);
+            if (0 == cch)
+            {
+                ExitWithLastError(hr, "Failed to get full path for string: %ls", wzPath);
+            }
+            else if (cchFullPath < cch)
+            {
+                hr = HRESULT_FROM_WIN32(ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER);
+                ExitOnRootFailure(hr, "Failed to allocate buffer for full path.");
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (MAX_PATH < cch)
+        {
+            hr = PathPrefix(&sczFullPath);
+            ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to prefix long path after expanding.");
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        sczFullPath = sczExpandedPath;
+        sczExpandedPath = NULL;
+    }
+
+    hr = StrAllocString(psczFullPath, sczFullPath? sczFullPath : wzRelativePath, 0);
+    ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to copy relative path into full path.");
+
+LExit:
+    ReleaseStr(sczFullPath);
+    ReleaseStr(sczExpandedPath);
+
+    return hr;
+}
+
+
+DAPI_(HRESULT) PathPrefix(
+    __inout LPWSTR *psczFullPath
+    )
+{
+    Assert(psczFullPath && *psczFullPath);
+
+    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
+    LPWSTR wzFullPath = *psczFullPath;
+    DWORD_PTR cbFullPath = 0;
+
+    if (((L'a' <= wzFullPath[0] && L'z' >= wzFullPath[0]) ||
+         (L'A' <= wzFullPath[0] && L'Z' >= wzFullPath[0])) &&
+        L':' == wzFullPath[1] &&
+        L'\\' == wzFullPath[2]) // normal path
+    {
+        hr = StrAllocPrefix(psczFullPath, L"\\\\?\\", 4);
+        ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to add prefix to file path.");
+    }
+    else if (L'\\' == wzFullPath[0] && L'\\' == wzFullPath[1]) // UNC
+    {
+        // ensure that we're not already prefixed
+        if (!(L'?' == wzFullPath[2] && L'\\' == wzFullPath[3]))
+        {
+            hr = StrSize(*psczFullPath, &cbFullPath);
+            ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to get size of full path.");
+
+            memmove_s(wzFullPath, cbFullPath, wzFullPath + 1, cbFullPath - sizeof(WCHAR));
+
+            hr = StrAllocPrefix(psczFullPath, L"\\\\?\\UNC", 7);
+            ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to add prefix to UNC path.");
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        hr = E_INVALIDARG;
+        ExitOnFailure(hr, "Invalid path provided to prefix: %ls.", wzFullPath);
+    }
+
+LExit:
+    return hr;
+}
+
+
+DAPI_(HRESULT) PathFixedBackslashTerminate(
+    __inout_ecount_z(cchPath) LPWSTR wzPath,
+    __in DWORD_PTR cchPath
+    )
+{
+    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
+    size_t cchLength = 0;
+
+    hr = ::StringCchLengthW(wzPath, cchPath, &cchLength);
+    ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to get length of path.");
+
+    if (cchLength >= cchPath)
+    {
+        hr = HRESULT_FROM_WIN32(ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER);
+    }
+    else if (L'\\' != wzPath[cchLength - 1])
+    {
+        wzPath[cchLength] = L'\\';
+        wzPath[cchLength + 1] = L'\0';
+    }
+
+LExit:
+    return hr;
+}
+
+
+DAPI_(HRESULT) PathBackslashTerminate(
+    __inout LPWSTR* psczPath
+    )
+{
+    Assert(psczPath && *psczPath);
+
+    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
+    DWORD_PTR cchPath = 0;
+    size_t cchLength = 0;
+
+    hr = StrMaxLength(*psczPath, &cchPath);
+    ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to get size of path string.");
+
+    hr = ::StringCchLengthW(*psczPath, cchPath, &cchLength);
+    ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to get length of path.");
+
+    if (L'\\' != (*psczPath)[cchLength - 1])
+    {
+        hr = StrAllocConcat(psczPath, L"\\", 1);
+        ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to concat backslash onto string.");
+    }
+
+LExit:
+    return hr;
+}
+
+
+DAPI_(HRESULT) PathForCurrentProcess(
+    __inout LPWSTR *psczFullPath,
+    __in_opt HMODULE hModule
+    )
+{
+    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
+    DWORD cch = MAX_PATH;
+
+    do
+    {
+        hr = StrAlloc(psczFullPath, cch);
+        ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to allocate string for module path.");
+
+        DWORD cchRequired = ::GetModuleFileNameW(hModule, *psczFullPath, cch);
+        if (0 == cchRequired)
+        {
+            ExitWithLastError(hr, "Failed to get path for executing process.");
+        }
+        else if (cchRequired == cch)
+        {
+            cch = cchRequired + 1;
+            hr = HRESULT_FROM_WIN32(ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            hr = S_OK;
+        }
+    } while (HRESULT_FROM_WIN32(ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER) == hr);
+
+LExit:
+    return hr;
+}
+
+
+DAPI_(HRESULT) PathRelativeToModule(
+    __inout LPWSTR *psczFullPath,
+    __in_opt LPCWSTR wzFileName,
+    __in_opt HMODULE hModule
+    )
+{
+    HRESULT hr = PathForCurrentProcess(psczFullPath, hModule);
+    ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to get current module path.");
+
+    hr = PathGetDirectory(*psczFullPath, psczFullPath);
+    ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to get current module directory.");
+
+    if (wzFileName)
+    {
+        hr = PathConcat(*psczFullPath, wzFileName, psczFullPath);
+        ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to append filename.");
+    }
+
+LExit:
+    return hr;
+}
+
+
+DAPI_(HRESULT) PathCreateTempFile(
+    __in_opt LPCWSTR wzDirectory,
+    __in_opt __format_string LPCWSTR wzFileNameTemplate,
+    __in DWORD dwUniqueCount,
+    __in DWORD dwFileAttributes,
+    __out_opt LPWSTR* psczTempFile,
+    __out_opt HANDLE* phTempFile
+    )
+{
+    AssertSz(0 < dwUniqueCount, "Must specify a non-zero unique count.");
+
+    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
+
+    LPWSTR sczTempPath = NULL;
+    DWORD cchTempPath = MAX_PATH;
+
+    HANDLE hTempFile = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
+    LPWSTR scz = NULL;
+    LPWSTR sczTempFile = NULL;
+
+    if (wzDirectory && *wzDirectory)
+    {
+        hr = StrAllocString(&sczTempPath, wzDirectory, 0);
+        ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to copy temp path.");
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        hr = StrAlloc(&sczTempPath, cchTempPath);
+        ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to allocate memory for the temp path.");
+
+        if (!::GetTempPathW(cchTempPath, sczTempPath))
+        {
+            ExitWithLastError(hr, "Failed to get temp path.");
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (wzFileNameTemplate && *wzFileNameTemplate)
+    {
+        for (DWORD i = 1; i <= dwUniqueCount && INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE == hTempFile; ++i)
+        {
+            hr = StrAllocFormatted(&scz, wzFileNameTemplate, i);
+            ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to allocate memory for file template.");
+
+            hr = StrAllocFormatted(&sczTempFile, L"%s%s", sczTempPath, scz);
+            ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to allocate temp file name.");
+
+            hTempFile = ::CreateFileW(sczTempFile, GENERIC_WRITE, FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_DELETE, NULL, CREATE_NEW, dwFileAttributes, NULL);
+            if (INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE == hTempFile)
+            {
+                // if the file already exists, just try again
+                hr = HRESULT_FROM_WIN32(::GetLastError());
+                if (HRESULT_FROM_WIN32(ERROR_FILE_EXISTS) == hr)
+                {
+                    hr = S_OK;
+                }
+                ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to create file: %ls", sczTempFile);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // If we were not able to or we did not try to create a temp file, ask
+    // the system to provide us a temp file using its built-in mechanism.
+    if (INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE == hTempFile)
+    {
+        hr = StrAlloc(&sczTempFile, MAX_PATH);
+        ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to allocate memory for the temp path");
+
+        if (!::GetTempFileNameW(sczTempPath, L"TMP", 0, sczTempFile))
+        {
+            ExitWithLastError(hr, "Failed to create new temp file name.");
+        }
+
+        hTempFile = ::CreateFileW(sczTempFile, GENERIC_WRITE, FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_DELETE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, dwFileAttributes, NULL);
+        if (INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE == hTempFile)
+        {
+            ExitWithLastError(hr, "Failed to open new temp file: %ls", sczTempFile);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // If the caller wanted the temp file name or handle, return them here.
+    if (psczTempFile)
+    {
+        hr = StrAllocString(psczTempFile, sczTempFile, 0);
+        ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to copy temp file string.");
+    }
+
+    if (phTempFile)
+    {
+        *phTempFile = hTempFile;
+        hTempFile = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
+    }
+
+LExit:
+    if (INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE != hTempFile)
+    {
+        ::CloseHandle(hTempFile);
+    }
+
+    ReleaseStr(scz);
+    ReleaseStr(sczTempFile);
+    ReleaseStr(sczTempPath);
+
+    return hr;
+}
+
+
+DAPI_(HRESULT) PathCreateTimeBasedTempFile(
+    __in_z_opt LPCWSTR wzDirectory,
+    __in_z LPCWSTR wzPrefix,
+    __in_z_opt LPCWSTR wzPostfix,
+    __in_z LPCWSTR wzExtension,
+    __deref_opt_out_z LPWSTR* psczTempFile,
+    __out_opt HANDLE* phTempFile
+    )
+{
+    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
+    BOOL fRetry = FALSE;
+    WCHAR wzTempPath[MAX_PATH] = { };
+    LPWSTR sczPrefix = NULL;
+    LPWSTR sczPrefixFolder = NULL;
+    SYSTEMTIME time = { };
+
+    LPWSTR sczTempPath = NULL;
+    HANDLE hTempFile = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
+    DWORD dwAttempts = 0;
+
+    if (wzDirectory && *wzDirectory)
+    {
+        hr = PathConcat(wzDirectory, wzPrefix, &sczPrefix);
+        ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to combine directory and log prefix.");
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        if (!::GetTempPathW(countof(wzTempPath), wzTempPath))
+        {
+            ExitWithLastError(hr, "Failed to get temp folder.");
+        }
+
+        hr = PathConcat(wzTempPath, wzPrefix, &sczPrefix);
+        ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to concatenate the temp folder and log prefix.");
+    }
+
+    hr = PathGetDirectory(sczPrefix, &sczPrefixFolder);
+    if (S_OK == hr)
+    {
+        hr = DirEnsureExists(sczPrefixFolder, NULL);
+        ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to ensure temp file path exists: %ls", sczPrefixFolder);
+    }
+
+    if (!wzPostfix)
+    {
+        wzPostfix = L"";
+    }
+
+    do
+    {
+        fRetry = FALSE;
+        ++dwAttempts;
+
+        ::GetLocalTime(&time);
+
+        // Log format:                         pre YYYY MM  dd  hh  mm  ss post ext
+        hr = StrAllocFormatted(&sczTempPath, L"%ls_%04u%02u%02u%02u%02u%02u%ls%ls%ls", sczPrefix, time.wYear, time.wMonth, time.wDay, time.wHour, time.wMinute, time.wSecond, wzPostfix, L'.' == *wzExtension ? L"" : L".", wzExtension);
+        ExitOnFailure(hr, "failed to allocate memory for the temp path");
+
+        hTempFile = ::CreateFileW(sczTempPath, GENERIC_WRITE, FILE_SHARE_READ, NULL, CREATE_NEW, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
+        if (INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE == hTempFile)
+        {
+            // If the file already exists, just try again.
+            DWORD er = ::GetLastError();
+            if (ERROR_FILE_EXISTS == er || ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED == er)
+            {
+                ::Sleep(100);
+
+                if (10 > dwAttempts)
+                {
+                    er = ERROR_SUCCESS;
+                    fRetry = TRUE;
+                }
+            }
+
+            hr = HRESULT_FROM_WIN32(er);
+            ExitOnFailureDebugTrace(hr, "Failed to create temp file: %ls", sczTempPath);
+        }
+    } while (fRetry);
+
+    if (psczTempFile)
+    {
+        hr = StrAllocString(psczTempFile, sczTempPath, 0);
+        ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to copy temp path to return.");
+    }
+
+    if (phTempFile)
+    {
+        *phTempFile = hTempFile;
+        hTempFile = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
+    }
+
+LExit:
+    ReleaseFile(hTempFile);
+    ReleaseStr(sczTempPath);
+    ReleaseStr(sczPrefixFolder);
+    ReleaseStr(sczPrefix);
+
+    return hr;
+}
+
+
+DAPI_(HRESULT) PathCreateTempDirectory(
+    __in_opt LPCWSTR wzDirectory,
+    __in __format_string LPCWSTR wzDirectoryNameTemplate,
+    __in DWORD dwUniqueCount,
+    __out LPWSTR* psczTempDirectory
+    )
+{
+    AssertSz(wzDirectoryNameTemplate && *wzDirectoryNameTemplate, "DirectoryNameTemplate must be specified.");
+    AssertSz(0 < dwUniqueCount, "Must specify a non-zero unique count.");
+
+    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
+
+    LPWSTR sczTempPath = NULL;
+    DWORD cchTempPath = MAX_PATH;
+
+    LPWSTR scz = NULL;
+
+    if (wzDirectory && *wzDirectory)
+    {
+        hr = StrAllocString(&sczTempPath, wzDirectory, 0);
+        ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to copy temp path.");
+
+        hr = PathBackslashTerminate(&sczTempPath);
+        ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to ensure path ends in backslash: %ls", wzDirectory);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        hr = StrAlloc(&sczTempPath, cchTempPath);
+        ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to allocate memory for the temp path.");
+
+        if (!::GetTempPathW(cchTempPath, sczTempPath))
+        {
+            ExitWithLastError(hr, "Failed to get temp path.");
+        }
+    }
+
+    for (DWORD i = 1; i <= dwUniqueCount; ++i)
+    {
+        hr = StrAllocFormatted(&scz, wzDirectoryNameTemplate, i);
+        ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to allocate memory for directory name template.");
+
+        hr = StrAllocFormatted(psczTempDirectory, L"%s%s", sczTempPath, scz);
+        ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to allocate temp directory name.");
+
+        if (!::CreateDirectoryW(*psczTempDirectory, NULL))
+        {
+            DWORD er = ::GetLastError();
+            if (ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS == er)
+            {
+                hr = HRESULT_FROM_WIN32(ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS);
+                continue;
+            }
+            else if (ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND == er)
+            {
+                hr = DirEnsureExists(*psczTempDirectory, NULL);
+                break;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                hr = HRESULT_FROM_WIN32(er);
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            hr = S_OK;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to create temp directory.");
+
+    hr = PathBackslashTerminate(psczTempDirectory);
+    ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to ensure temp directory is backslash terminated.");
+
+LExit:
+    ReleaseStr(scz);
+    ReleaseStr(sczTempPath);
+
+    return hr;
+}
+
+
+DAPI_(HRESULT) PathGetKnownFolder(
+    __in int csidl,
+    __out LPWSTR* psczKnownFolder
+    )
+{
+    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
+
+    hr = StrAlloc(psczKnownFolder, MAX_PATH);
+    ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to allocate memory for known folder.");
+
+    hr = ::SHGetFolderPathW(NULL, csidl, NULL, SHGFP_TYPE_CURRENT, *psczKnownFolder);
+    ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to get known folder path.");
+
+    hr = PathBackslashTerminate(psczKnownFolder);
+    ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to ensure known folder path is backslash terminated.");
+
+LExit:
+    return hr;
+}
+
+
+DAPI_(BOOL) PathIsAbsolute(
+    __in_z LPCWSTR wzPath
+    )
+{
+    DWORD dwLength = lstrlenW(wzPath);
+    return (1 < dwLength) && (wzPath[0] == L'\\') || (wzPath[1] == L':');
+}
+
+
+DAPI_(HRESULT) PathConcat(
+    __in_opt LPCWSTR wzPath1,
+    __in_opt LPCWSTR wzPath2,
+    __deref_out_z LPWSTR* psczCombined
+    )
+{
+    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
+
+    if (!wzPath2 || !*wzPath2)
+    {
+        hr = StrAllocString(psczCombined, wzPath1, 0);
+        ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to copy just path1 to output.");
+    }
+    else if (!wzPath1 || !*wzPath1 || PathIsAbsolute(wzPath2))
+    {
+        hr = StrAllocString(psczCombined, wzPath2, 0);
+        ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to copy just path2 to output.");
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        hr = StrAllocString(psczCombined, wzPath1, 0);
+        ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to copy path1 to output.");
+
+        hr = PathBackslashTerminate(psczCombined);
+        ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to backslashify.");
+
+        hr = StrAllocConcat(psczCombined, wzPath2, 0);
+        ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to append path2 to output.");
+    }
+
+LExit:
+    return hr;
+}
+
+
+DAPI_(HRESULT) PathEnsureQuoted(
+    __inout LPWSTR* ppszPath,
+    __in BOOL fDirectory
+    )
+{
+    Assert(ppszPath && *ppszPath);
+
+    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
+    size_t cchPath = 0;
+
+    hr = ::StringCchLengthW(*ppszPath, STRSAFE_MAX_CCH, &cchPath);
+    ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to get the length of the path.");
+
+    // Handle simple special cases.
+    if (0 == cchPath || (1 == cchPath && L'"' == (*ppszPath)[0]))
+    {
+        hr = StrAllocString(ppszPath, L"\"\"", 2);
+        ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to allocate a quoted empty string.");
+
+        ExitFunction();
+    }
+
+    if (L'"' != (*ppszPath)[0])
+    {
+        hr = StrAllocPrefix(ppszPath, L"\"", 1);
+        ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to allocate an opening quote.");
+
+        // Add a char for the opening quote.
+        ++cchPath;
+    }
+
+    if (L'"' != (*ppszPath)[cchPath - 1])
+    {
+        hr = StrAllocConcat(ppszPath, L"\"", 1);
+        ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to allocate a closing quote.");
+
+        // Add a char for the closing quote.
+        ++cchPath;
+    }
+
+    if (fDirectory)
+    {
+        if (L'\\' != (*ppszPath)[cchPath - 2])
+        {
+            // Change the last char to a backslash and re-append the closing quote.
+            (*ppszPath)[cchPath - 1] = L'\\';
+
+            hr = StrAllocConcat(ppszPath, L"\"", 1);
+            ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to allocate another closing quote after the backslash.");
+        }
+    }
+
+LExit:
+
+    return hr;
+}
+
+
+DAPI_(HRESULT) PathCompare(
+    __in_z LPCWSTR wzPath1,
+    __in_z LPCWSTR wzPath2,
+    __out int* pnResult
+    )
+{
+    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
+    LPWSTR sczPath1 = NULL;
+    LPWSTR sczPath2 = NULL;
+
+    hr = PathExpand(&sczPath1, wzPath1, PATH_EXPAND_ENVIRONMENT | PATH_EXPAND_FULLPATH);
+    ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to expand path1.");
+
+    hr = PathExpand(&sczPath2, wzPath2, PATH_EXPAND_ENVIRONMENT | PATH_EXPAND_FULLPATH);
+    ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to expand path2.");
+
+    *pnResult = ::CompareStringW(LOCALE_NEUTRAL, NORM_IGNORECASE, sczPath1, -1, sczPath2, -1);
+
+LExit:
+    ReleaseStr(sczPath2);
+    ReleaseStr(sczPath1);
+
+    return hr;
+}
+
+
+DAPI_(HRESULT) PathCompress(
+    __in_z LPCWSTR wzPath
+    )
+{
+    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
+    HANDLE hPath = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
+
+    hPath = ::CreateFileW(wzPath, GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_DELETE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS, NULL);
+    if (INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE == hPath)
+    {
+        ExitWithLastError(hr, "Failed to open path %ls for compression.", wzPath);
+    }
+
+    DWORD dwBytesReturned = 0;
+    USHORT usCompressionFormat = COMPRESSION_FORMAT_DEFAULT;
+    if (0 == ::DeviceIoControl(hPath, FSCTL_SET_COMPRESSION, &usCompressionFormat, sizeof(usCompressionFormat), NULL, 0, &dwBytesReturned, NULL))
+    {
+        // ignore compression attempts on file systems that don't support it
+        DWORD er = ::GetLastError();
+        if (ERROR_INVALID_FUNCTION != er)
+        {
+            ExitOnWin32Error(er, hr, "Failed to set compression state for path %ls.", wzPath);
+        }
+    }
+
+LExit:
+    ReleaseFile(hPath);
+
+    return hr;
+}
+
+DAPI_(HRESULT) PathGetHierarchyArray(
+    __in_z LPCWSTR wzPath,
+    __deref_inout_ecount_opt(*pcStrArray) LPWSTR **prgsczPathArray,
+    __inout LPUINT pcPathArray
+    )
+{
+    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
+    LPWSTR sczPathCopy = NULL;
+    LPWSTR sczNewPathCopy = NULL;
+    DWORD cArraySpacesNeeded = 0;
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < lstrlenW(wzPath); ++i)
+    {
+        if (wzPath[i] == L'\\')
+        {
+            ++cArraySpacesNeeded;
+        }
+    }
+    if (wzPath[lstrlenW(wzPath) - 1] != L'\\')
+    {
+        ++cArraySpacesNeeded;
+    }
+
+    // If it's a UNC path, cut off the first three paths, 2 because it starts with a double backslash, and another because the first ("\\servername\") isn't a path.
+    if (wzPath[0] == L'\\' && wzPath[1] == L'\\')
+    {
+        cArraySpacesNeeded -= 3;
+    }
+
+    Assert(cArraySpacesNeeded >= 1);
+
+    hr = MemEnsureArraySize(reinterpret_cast<void **>(prgsczPathArray), cArraySpacesNeeded, sizeof(LPWSTR), 0);
+    ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to allocate array of size %u for parent directories", cArraySpacesNeeded);
+    *pcPathArray = cArraySpacesNeeded;
+
+    hr = StrAllocString(&sczPathCopy, wzPath, 0);
+    ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to allocate copy of original path");
+
+    for (DWORD i = 0; i < cArraySpacesNeeded; ++i)
+    {
+        hr = StrAllocString((*prgsczPathArray) + cArraySpacesNeeded - 1 - i, sczPathCopy, 0);
+        ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to copy path");
+
+        // If it ends in a backslash, it's a directory path, so cut off everything the last backslash before we get the directory portion of the path
+        if (wzPath[lstrlenW(sczPathCopy) - 1] == L'\\')
+        {
+            sczPathCopy[lstrlenW(sczPathCopy) - 1] = L'\0';
+        }
+        
+        hr = PathGetDirectory(sczPathCopy, &sczNewPathCopy);
+        ExitOnFailure(hr, "Failed to get directory portion of path");
+
+        ReleaseStr(sczPathCopy);
+        sczPathCopy = sczNewPathCopy;
+        sczNewPathCopy = NULL;
+    }
+
+    hr = S_OK;
+
+LExit:
+    ReleaseStr(sczPathCopy);
+
+    return hr;
+}