update docs.

6 files changed, 2074 insertions, 16 deletions

diff --git a/LICENSE b/LICENSE
index 6c2fbc6..12fe1df 100644
--- a/LICENSE
+++ b/LICENSE
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 MIT License
 
-Copyright (c) 2020 Li Jin
+Copyright (c) 2021 Li Jin
 
 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 2bbd979..641b3d4 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 # YueScript
 
+<img src="doc/docs/.vuepress/public/image/yuescript.svg" width="300" height="300" alt="logo"/>
+
 [![Ubuntu](https://github.com/pigpigyyy/Yuescript/actions/workflows/ubuntu.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/pigpigyyy/Yuescript/actions/workflows/ubuntu.yml) [![Windows](https://github.com/pigpigyyy/Yuescript/actions/workflows/windows.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/pigpigyyy/Yuescript/actions/workflows/windows.yml) [![macOS](https://github.com/pigpigyyy/Yuescript/actions/workflows/macos.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/pigpigyyy/Yuescript/actions/workflows/macos.yml)
 
 Yuescript is a Moonscript dialect. It is derived from [Moonscript language](https://github.com/leafo/moonscript) 0.5.0 and continuously adopting new features to be more up to date. 
diff --git a/doc/docs/.vuepress/components/YueCompiler.vue b/doc/docs/.vuepress/components/YueCompiler.vue
index 4d72b92..9c09297 100755
--- a/doc/docs/.vuepress/components/YueCompiler.vue
+++ b/doc/docs/.vuepress/components/YueCompiler.vue
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@
         }
         .childTitle {
                 width: 100%;
-                font-size: 1.5em;
+                font-size: 1.2em;
                 color: #b7ae8f;
                 text-align: center;
                 padding: 0.2em;
@@ -195,8 +195,7 @@
                 hyphens: none;
                 background: #f5f7ff;
                 color: #5e6687;
-                font-size: 1em;
-                overflow: scroll;
+                font-size: 15px;
         }
 
         .my-editor >>> .prism-editor__textarea:focus {
diff --git a/doc/docs/.vuepress/theme/styles/code.styl b/doc/docs/.vuepress/theme/styles/code.styl
index 0cb4081..a89c18e 100644
--- a/doc/docs/.vuepress/theme/styles/code.styl
+++ b/doc/docs/.vuepress/theme/styles/code.styl
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ Original Base16 color scheme by Chris Kempson (https://github.com/chriskempson/b
 code[class*="language-"],
 pre[class*="language-"] {
         font-family: Consolas, Menlo, Monaco, "Andale Mono WT", "Andale Mono", "Lucida Console", "Lucida Sans Typewriter", "DejaVu Sans Mono", "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Liberation Mono", "Nimbus Mono L", "Courier New", Courier, monospace;
-        font-size: 1em;
+        font-size: 15px;
         line-height: 1.375;
         direction: ltr;
         text-align: left;
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ pre[class*="language-"] {
 }
 
 pre > code[class*="language-"] {
-        font-size: 1em;
+        font-size: 15px;
 }
 
 pre[class*="language-"]::-moz-selection, pre[class*="language-"] ::-moz-selection,
diff --git a/doc/docs/README.md b/doc/docs/README.md
index dfc01d1..f98df6c 100755
--- a/doc/docs/README.md
+++ b/doc/docs/README.md
@@ -4,5 +4,6 @@ heroImage: ./image/yuescript.svg
 tagline: A language that compiles to Lua
 actionText: Quick Start →
 actionLink: /doc/
-footer: Made by Jin with ❤️
+footer: MIT Licensed | Copyright © 2021 Li Jin
 ---
+
diff --git a/doc/docs/doc/README.md b/doc/docs/doc/README.md
index 0d43d04..ec76612 100755
--- a/doc/docs/doc/README.md
+++ b/doc/docs/doc/README.md
@@ -2,14 +2,12 @@
 sidebar: auto
 ---
 
-<CompilerModal />
-
 # Yuescript
 <img src="/image/yuescript.svg" width="300" height="300" alt="logo"/>
 
 ## Introduction
 
-Yuescript is a dynamic language that compiles to Lua. The codes written in Yuescript are expressive and extremely concise. And it is suitable for writing some changing application logic with more maintainable codes and runs in a Lua embeded environment such as games or website servers.
+Yuescript is a dynamic language that compiles to Lua. And it's a [Moonscript](https://github.com/leafo/moonscript) dialect. The codes written in Yuescript are expressive and extremely concise. And it is suitable for writing some changing application logic with more maintainable codes and runs in a Lua embeded environment such as games or website servers.
 
 Yue (月) is the name of moon in Chinese and it's pronounced as [jyɛ].
 
@@ -232,8 +230,8 @@ macro luaFunc = (var)-> {
 $luaFunc funcB
 funcB = -> "assign the Lua defined variable"
 
-macro lua = (code)-> {
-  :code
+macro lua = (codes)-> {
+  :codes
   type: "lua"
 }
 
@@ -261,8 +259,8 @@ macro luaFunc = (var)-> {
 $luaFunc funcB
 funcB = -> "assign the Lua defined variable"
 
-macro lua = (code)-> {
-  :code
+macro lua = (codes)-> {
+  :codes
   type: "lua"
 }
 
@@ -313,7 +311,9 @@ import "utils" as {
 </pre>
 </YueDisplay>
 
-## Special Operator
+## Operator
+
+All of Lua’s binary and unary operators are available. Additionally **!=** is as an alias for **~=**. And Yuescipt offers some special operator to write more expressive codes.
 
 ### Metatable
 
@@ -591,4 +591,2060 @@ export default ->
   print "hello"
   123
 </pre>
-</YueDisplay>
\ No newline at end of file
+</YueDisplay>
+
+## Whitespace
+
+Yuescript is a whitespace significant language. You have to write some code block in the same indent with space **' '** or tab **'\t'** like function body, value list and some control blocks. And expressions containing different whitespaces might mean different things. Tab is treated like 4 space, but it's better not mix the use of spaces and tabs.
+
+## Assignment
+
+The variable is dynamic typed and is defined as local by default. But you can change the scope of declaration by **local** and **global** statement.
+
+* **Common Use**
+```moonscript
+hello = "world"
+a, b, c = 1, 2, 3
+hello = 123 -- uses the existing variable
+
+-- update Assignment
+x = 0
+x += 10
+
+s = "hello "
+s ..= "world"
+
+arg or= "default value"
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+hello = "world"
+a, b, c = 1, 2, 3
+hello = 123 -- uses the existing variable
+
+-- update Assignment
+x = 0
+x += 10
+
+s = "hello "
+s ..= "world"
+
+arg or= "default value"
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+* **Explicit Locals**
+```moonscript
+do
+  local *
+  print "forward declare all variables as locals"
+  x = -> 1 + y + z
+  y, z = 2, 3
+  global instance = Item\new!
+
+do
+  local ^
+  print "only forward declare upper case variables"
+  a = 1
+  B = 2
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+do
+  local *
+  print "forward declare all variables as locals"
+  x = -> 1 + y + z
+  y, z = 2, 3
+  global instance = Item\new!
+
+do
+  local ^
+  print "only forward declare upper case variables"
+  a = 1
+  B = 2
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+* **Explicit Globals**
+```moonscript
+do
+  global *
+  print "declare all variables as globals"
+  x = -> 1 + y + z
+  y, z = 2, 3
+
+do
+  global ^
+  print "only declare upper case variables as globals"
+  a = 1
+  B = 2
+  local Temp = "a local value"
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+do
+  global *
+  print "declare all variables as globals"
+  x = -> 1 + y + z
+  y, z = 2, 3
+
+do
+  global ^
+  print "only declare upper case variables as globals"
+  a = 1
+  B = 2
+  local Temp = "a local value"
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+## Comment
+```moonscript
+-- I am a comment
+
+str = --[[
+This is a multi-line comment.
+It's OK.
+]] strA \ -- comment 1
+  .. strB \ -- comment 2
+  .. strC
+
+func --[[port]] 3000, --[[ip]] "192.168.1.1"
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+-- I am a comment
+
+str = --[[
+This is a multi-line comment.
+It's OK.
+]] strA \ -- comment 1
+  .. strB \ -- comment 2
+  .. strC
+
+func --[[port]] 3000, --[[ip]] "192.168.1.1"
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+::: warning NOTICE
+The rest of the document is describing mostly the same syntax taken from Moonscript. So you may as well refer to the [Moonscript Reference](http://moonscript.org/reference) to get the same explanation.
+:::
+
+## Literals
+
+All of the primitive literals in Lua can be used. This applies to numbers, strings, booleans, and **nil**.
+
+Unlike Lua, Line breaks are allowed inside of single and double quote strings without an escape sequence:
+
+```moonscript
+some_string = "Here is a string
+  that has a line break in it."
+
+-- You can mix expressions into string literals using #{} syntax.
+print "I am #{math.random! * 100}% sure."
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+some_string = "Here is a string
+  that has a line break in it."
+
+-- You can mix expressions into string literals using #{} syntax.
+print "I am #{math.random! * 100}% sure."
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+## Function Literals
+
+All functions are created using a function expression. A simple function is denoted using the arrow: **->**.
+
+```moonscript
+my_function = ->
+my_function() -- call the empty function
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+my_function = ->
+my_function() -- call the empty function
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+The body of the function can either be one statement placed directly after the arrow, or it can be a series of statements indented on the following lines:
+
+```moonscript
+func_a = -> print "hello world"
+
+func_b = ->
+  value = 100
+  print "The value:", value
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+func_a = -> print "hello world"
+
+func_b = ->
+  value = 100
+  print "The value:", value
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+If a function has no arguments, it can be called using the ! operator, instead of empty parentheses. The ! invocation is the preferred way to call functions with no arguments.
+
+```moonscript
+func_a!
+func_b()
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+func_a!
+func_b()
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+Functions with arguments can be created by preceding the arrow with a list of argument names in parentheses:
+
+```moonscript
+sum = (x, y)-> print "sum", x + y
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+sum = (x, y)-> print "sum", x + y
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+Functions can be called by listing the arguments after the name of an expression that evaluates to a function. When chaining together function calls, the arguments are applied to the closest function to the left.
+
+```moonscript
+sum 10, 20
+print sum 10, 20
+
+a b c "a", "b", "c"
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+sum 10, 20
+print sum 10, 20
+
+a b c "a", "b", "c"
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+In order to avoid ambiguity in when calling functions, parentheses can also be used to surround the arguments. This is required here in order to make sure the right arguments get sent to the right functions.
+
+```moonscript
+print "x:", sum(10, 20), "y:", sum(30, 40)
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+print "x:", sum(10, 20), "y:", sum(30, 40)
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+There must not be any space between the opening parenthesis and the function.
+
+Functions will coerce the last statement in their body into a return statement, this is called implicit return:
+
+```moonscript
+sum = (x, y)-> x + y
+print "The sum is ", sum 10, 20
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+sum = (x, y) -> x + y
+print "The sum is ", sum 10, 20
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+And if you need to explicitly return, you can use the return keyword:
+
+```moonscript
+sum = (x, y)-> return x + y
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+sum = (x, y)-> return x + y
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+Just like in Lua, functions can return multiple values. The last statement must be a list of values separated by commas:
+
+```moonscript
+mystery = (x, y)-> x + y, x - y
+a, b = mystery 10, 20
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+mystery = (x, y)-> x + y, x - y
+a, b = mystery 10, 20
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+### Fat Arrows
+
+Because it is an idiom in Lua to send an object as the first argument when calling a method, a special syntax is provided for creating functions which automatically includes a self argument.
+
+```moonscript
+func = (num)=> @value + num
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+func = (num)=> @value + num
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+### Argument Defaults
+
+It is possible to provide default values for the arguments of a function. An argument is determined to be empty if its value is nil. Any nil arguments that have a default value will be replace before the body of the function is run.
+
+```moonscript
+my_function = (name = "something", height = 100)->
+  print "Hello I am", name
+  print "My height is", height
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+my_function = (name = "something", height = 100)->
+  print "Hello I am", name
+  print "My height is", height
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+An argument default value expression is evaluated in the body of the function in the order of the argument declarations. For this reason default values have access to previously declared arguments.
+
+```moonscript
+some_args = (x = 100, y = x + 1000)->
+  print x + y
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+some_args = (x = 100, y = x + 1000)->
+  print x + y
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+### Considerations
+
+Because of the expressive parentheses-less way of calling functions, some restrictions must be put in place to avoid parsing ambiguity involving whitespace.
+
+The minus sign plays two roles, a unary negation operator and a binary subtraction operator. Consider how the following examples compile:
+
+```moonscript
+a = x - 10
+b = x-10
+c = x -y
+d = x- z
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+a = x - 10
+b = x-10
+c = x -y
+d = x- z
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+The precedence of the first argument of a function call can be controlled using whitespace if the argument is a literal string. In Lua, it is common to leave off parentheses when calling a function with a single string or table literal.
+
+When there is no space between a variable and a string literal, the function call takes precedence over any following expressions. No other arguments can be passed to the function when it is called this way.
+
+Where there is a space following a variable and a string literal, the function call acts as show above. The string literal belongs to any following expressions (if they exist), which serves as the argument list.
+
+```moonscript
+x = func"hello" + 100
+y = func "hello" + 100
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+x = func"hello" + 100
+y = func "hello" + 100
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+### Multi-line arguments
+
+When calling functions that take a large number of arguments, it is convenient to split the argument list over multiple lines. Because of the white-space sensitive nature of the language, care must be taken when splitting up the argument list.
+
+If an argument list is to be continued onto the next line, the current line must end in a comma. And the following line must be indented more than the current indentation. Once indented, all other argument lines must be at the same level of indentation to be part of the argument list
+
+```moonscript
+my_func 5, 4, 3,
+  8, 9, 10
+
+cool_func 1, 2,
+  3, 4,
+  5, 6,
+  7, 8
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+my_func 5, 4, 3,
+  8, 9, 10
+
+cool_func 1, 2,
+  3, 4,
+  5, 6,
+  7, 8
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+This type of invocation can be nested. The level of indentation is used to determine to which function the arguments belong to.
+
+```moonscript
+my_func 5, 6, 7,
+  6, another_func 6, 7, 8,
+    9, 1, 2,
+  5, 4
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+my_func 5, 6, 7,
+  6, another_func 6, 7, 8,
+    9, 1, 2,
+  5, 4
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+Because tables also use the comma as a delimiter, this indentation syntax is helpful for letting values be part of the argument list instead of being part of the table.
+
+```moonscript
+x = {
+  1, 2, 3, 4, a_func 4, 5,
+    5, 6,
+  8, 9, 10
+}
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+x = {
+  1, 2, 3, 4, a_func 4, 5,
+    5, 6,
+  8, 9, 10
+}
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+Although uncommon, notice how we can give a deeper indentation for function arguments if we know we will be using a lower indentation further on.
+
+```moonscript
+y = { my_func 1, 2, 3,
+   4, 5,
+  5, 6, 7
+}
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+y = { my_func 1, 2, 3,
+   4, 5,
+  5, 6, 7
+}
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+The same thing can be done with other block level statements like conditionals. We can use indentation level to determine what statement a value belongs to:
+
+```moonscript
+if func 1, 2, 3,
+  "hello",
+  "world"
+    print "hello"
+    print "I am inside if"
+
+if func 1, 2, 3,
+    "hello",
+    "world"
+  print "hello"
+  print "I am inside if"
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+if func 1, 2, 3,
+  "hello",
+  "world"
+    print "hello"
+    print "I am inside if"
+
+if func 1, 2, 3,
+    "hello",
+    "world"
+  print "hello"
+  print "I am inside if"
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+## Table Literals
+
+Like in Lua, tables are delimited in curly braces.
+
+```moonscript
+some_values = { 1, 2, 3, 4 }
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+some_values = { 1, 2, 3, 4 }
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+Unlike Lua, assigning a value to a key in a table is done with **:** (instead of **=**).
+
+```moonscript
+some_values = {
+  name: "Bill",
+  age: 200,
+  ["favorite food"]: "rice"
+}
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+some_values = {
+  name: "Bill",
+  age: 200,
+  ["favorite food"]: "rice"
+}
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+The curly braces can be left off if a single table of key value pairs is being assigned.
+
+```moonscript
+profile =
+  height: "4 feet",
+  shoe_size: 13,
+  favorite_foods: {"ice cream", "donuts"}
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+profile =
+  height: "4 feet",
+  shoe_size: 13,
+  favorite_foods: {"ice cream", "donuts"}
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+Newlines can be used to delimit values instead of a comma (or both):
+
+```moonscript
+values = {
+  1, 2, 3, 4
+  5, 6, 7, 8
+  name: "superman"
+  occupation: "crime fighting"
+}
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+values = {
+  1, 2, 3, 4
+  5, 6, 7, 8
+  name: "superman"
+  occupation: "crime fighting"
+}
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+When creating a single line table literal, the curly braces can also be left off:
+
+```moonscript
+my_function dance: "Tango", partner: "none"
+
+y = type: "dog", legs: 4, tails: 1
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+my_function dance: "Tango", partner: "none"
+
+y = type: "dog", legs: 4, tails: 1
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+The keys of a table literal can be language keywords without being escaped:
+
+```moonscript
+tbl = {
+  do: "something"
+  end: "hunger"
+}
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+tbl = {
+  do: "something"
+  end: "hunger"
+}
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+If you are constructing a table out of variables and wish the keys to be the same as the variable names, then the **:** prefix operator can be used:
+
+```moonscript
+hair = "golden"
+height = 200
+person = { :hair, :height, shoe_size: 40 }
+
+print_table :hair, :height
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+hair = "golden"
+height = 200
+person = { :hair, :height, shoe_size: 40 }
+
+print_table :hair, :height
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+If you want the key of a field in the table to to be result of an expression, then you can wrap it in **[ ]**, just like in Lua. You can also use a string literal directly as a key, leaving out the square brackets. This is useful if your key has any special characters.
+
+```moonscript
+t = {
+  [1 + 2]: "hello"
+  "hello world": true
+}
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+t = {
+  [1 + 2]: "hello"
+  "hello world": true
+}
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+## Comprehensions
+
+Comprehensions provide a convenient syntax for constructing a new table by iterating over some existing object and applying an expression to its values. There are two kinds of comprehensions: list comprehensions and table comprehensions. They both produce Lua tables; list comprehensions accumulate values into an array-like table, and table comprehensions let you set both the key and the value on each iteration.
+
+### List Comprehensions
+
+The following creates a copy of the items table but with all the values doubled.
+
+```moonscript
+items = { 1, 2, 3, 4 }
+doubled = [item * 2 for i, item in ipairs items]
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+items = { 1, 2, 3, 4 }
+doubled = [item * 2 for i, item in ipairs items]
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+The items included in the new table can be restricted with a when clause:
+
+```moonscript
+iter = ipairs items
+slice = [item for i, item in iter when i > 1 and i < 3]
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+iter = ipairs items
+slice = [item for i, item in iter when i > 1 and i < 3]
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+Because it is common to iterate over the values of a numerically indexed table, an **\*** operator is introduced. The doubled example can be rewritten as:
+
+```moonscript
+doubled = [item * 2 for item in *items]
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+doubled = [item * 2 for item in *items]
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+The for and when clauses can be chained as much as desired. The only requirement is that a comprehension has at least one for clause.
+
+Using multiple for clauses is the same as using nested loops:
+
+```moonscript
+x_coords = {4, 5, 6, 7}
+y_coords = {9, 2, 3}
+
+points = [{x, y} for x in *x_coords \
+for y in *y_coords]
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+x_coords = {4, 5, 6, 7}
+y_coords = {9, 2, 3}
+
+points = [{x, y} for x in *x_coords \
+for y in *y_coords]
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+Numeric for loops can also be used in comprehensions:
+
+```moonscript
+evens = [i for i = 1, 100 when i % 2 == 0]
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+evens = [i for i = 1, 100 when i % 2 == 0]
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+### Table Comprehensions
+
+The syntax for table comprehensions is very similar, only differing by using **{** and **}** and taking two values from each iteration.
+
+This example makes a copy of the tablething:
+
+```moonscript
+thing = {
+  color: "red"
+  name: "fast"
+  width: 123
+}
+
+thing_copy = {k, v for k, v in pairs thing}
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+thing = {
+  color: "red"
+  name: "fast"
+  width: 123
+}
+
+thing_copy = {k, v for k, v in pairs thing}
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+```moonscript
+no_color = {k, v for k, v in pairs thing when k != "color"}
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+no_color = {k, v for k, v in pairs thing when k != "color"}
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+The **\*** operator is also supported. Here we create a square root look up table for a few numbers.
+
+```moonscript
+numbers = {1, 2, 3, 4}
+sqrts = {i, math.sqrt i for i in *numbers}
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+numbers = {1, 2, 3, 4}
+sqrts = {i, math.sqrt i for i in *numbers}
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+The key-value tuple in a table comprehension can also come from a single expression, in which case the expression should return two values. The first is used as the key and the second is used as the value:
+
+In this example we convert an array of pairs to a table where the first item in the pair is the key and the second is the value.
+
+```moonscript
+tuples = {{"hello", "world"}, {"foo", "bar"}}
+tbl = {unpack tuple for tuple in *tuples}
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+tuples = { {"hello", "world"}, {"foo", "bar"} }
+tbl = {unpack tuple for tuple in *tuples}
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+### Slicing
+
+A special syntax is provided to restrict the items that are iterated over when using the **\*** operator. This is equivalent to setting the iteration bounds and a step size in a for loop.
+
+Here we can set the minimum and maximum bounds, taking all items with indexes between 1 and 5 inclusive:
+
+```moonscript
+slice = [item for item in *items[1, 5]]
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+slice = [item for item in *items[1, 5]]
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+Any of the slice arguments can be left off to use a sensible default. In this example, if the max index is left off it defaults to the length of the table. This will take everything but the first element:
+
+```moonscript
+slice = [item for item in *items[2,]]
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+slice = [item for item in *items[2,]]
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+If the minimum bound is left out, it defaults to 1. Here we only provide a step size and leave the other bounds blank. This takes all odd indexed items: (1, 3, 5, …)
+
+```moonscript
+slice = [item for item in *items[,,2]]
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+slice = [item for item in *items[,,2]]
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+## For Loop
+
+There are two for loop forms, just like in Lua. A numeric one and a generic one:
+
+```moonscript
+for i = 10, 20
+  print i
+
+for k = 1, 15, 2 -- an optional step provided
+  print k
+
+for key, value in pairs object
+  print key, value
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+for i = 10, 20
+  print i
+
+for k = 1, 15, 2 -- an optional step provided
+  print k
+
+for key, value in pairs object
+  print key, value
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+The slicing and **\*** operators can be used, just like with comprehensions:
+
+```moonscript
+for item in *items[2, 4]
+  print item
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+for item in *items[2, 4]
+  print item
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+A shorter syntax is also available for all variations when the body is only a single line:
+
+```moonscript
+for item in *items do print item
+
+for j = 1, 10, 3 do print j
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+for item in *items do print item
+
+for j = 1, 10, 3 do print j
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+A for loop can also be used as an expression. The last statement in the body of the for loop is coerced into an expression and appended to an accumulating array table.
+
+Doubling every even number:
+
+```moonscript
+doubled_evens = for i = 1, 20
+  if i % 2 == 0
+    i * 2
+  else
+    i
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+doubled_evens = for i = 1, 20
+  if i % 2 == 0
+    i * 2
+  else
+    i
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+You can also filter values by combining the for loop expression with the continue statement.
+
+For loops at the end of a function body are not accumulated into a table for a return value (Instead the function will return nil). Either an explicit return statement can be used, or the loop can be converted into a list comprehension.
+
+```moonscript
+func_a = -> for i = 1, 10 do print i
+func_b = -> return for i = 1, 10 do i
+
+print func_a! -- prints nil
+print func_b! -- prints table object
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+func_a = -> for i = 1, 10 do print i
+func_b = -> return for i = 1, 10 do i
+
+print func_a! -- prints nil
+print func_b! -- prints table object
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+This is done to avoid the needless creation of tables for functions that don’t need to return the results of the loop.
+
+## While Loop
+
+The while loop also comes in two variations:
+
+```moonscript
+i = 10
+while i > 0
+  print i
+  i -= 1
+
+while running == true do my_function!
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+i = 10
+while i > 0
+  print i
+  i -= 1
+
+while running == true do my_function!
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+Like for loops, the while loop can also be used an expression. Additionally, for a function to return the accumulated value of a while loop, the statement must be explicitly returned.
+
+## Continue
+
+A continue statement can be used to skip the current iteration in a loop.
+
+```moonscript
+i = 0
+while i < 10
+  i += 1
+  continue if i % 2 == 0
+  print i
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+i = 0
+while i < 10
+  i += 1
+  continue if i % 2 == 0
+  print i
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+continue can also be used with loop expressions to prevent that iteration from accumulating into the result. This examples filters the array table into just even numbers:
+
+```moonscript
+my_numbers = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
+odds = for x in *my_numbers
+  continue if x % 2 == 1
+  x
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+my_numbers = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
+odds = for x in *my_numbers
+  continue if x % 2 == 1
+  x
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+## Conditionals
+
+```moonscript
+have_coins = false
+if have_coins
+  print "Got coins"
+else
+  print "No coins"
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+have_coins = false
+if have_coins
+  print "Got coins"
+else
+  print "No coins"
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+A short syntax for single statements can also be used:
+
+```moonscript
+have_coins = false
+if have_coins then print "Got coins" else print "No coins"
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+have_coins = false
+if have_coins then print "Got coins" else print "No coins"
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+Because if statements can be used as expressions, this can also be written as:
+
+```moonscript
+have_coins = false
+print if have_coins then "Got coins" else "No coins"
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+have_coins = false
+print if have_coins then "Got coins" else "No coins"
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+Conditionals can also be used in return statements and assignments:
+
+```moonscript
+is_tall = (name) ->
+  if name == "Rob"
+    true
+  else
+    false
+
+message = if is_tall "Rob"
+  "I am very tall"
+else
+  "I am not so tall"
+
+print message -- prints: I am very tall
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+is_tall = (name) ->
+  if name == "Rob"
+    true
+  else
+    false
+
+message = if is_tall "Rob"
+  "I am very tall"
+else
+  "I am not so tall"
+
+print message -- prints: I am very tall
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+The opposite of if is unless:
+
+```moonscript
+unless os.date("%A") == "Monday"
+  print "it is not Monday!"
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+unless os.date("%A") == "Monday"
+  print "it is not Monday!"
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+```moonscript
+print "You're lucky!" unless math.random! > 0.1
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+print "You're lucky!" unless math.random! > 0.1
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+## If Assignment
+
+if and elseif blocks can take an assignment in place of a conditional expression. Upon evaluating the conditional, the assignment will take place and the value that was assigned to will be used as the conditional expression. The assigned variable is only in scope for the body of the conditional, meaning it is never available if the value is not truthy.
+
+```moonscript
+if user = database.find_user "moon"
+  print user.name
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+if user = database.find_user "moon"
+  print user.name
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+```moonscript
+if hello = os.getenv "hello"
+  print "You have hello", hello
+elseif world = os.getenv "world"
+  print "you have world", world
+else
+  print "nothing :("
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+if hello = os.getenv "hello"
+  print "You have hello", hello
+elseif world = os.getenv "world"
+  print "you have world", world
+else
+  print "nothing :("
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+## Line Decorators
+
+For convenience, the for loop and if statement can be applied to single statements at the end of the line:
+
+```moonscript
+print "hello world" if name == "Rob"
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+print "hello world" if name == "Rob"
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+And with basic loops:
+
+```moonscript
+print "item: ", item for item in *items
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+print "item: ", item for item in *items
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+## Switch
+
+The switch statement is shorthand for writing a series of if statements that check against the same value. Note that the value is only evaluated once. Like if statements, switches can have an else block to handle no matches. Comparison is done with the == operator.
+
+```moonscript
+name = "Dan"
+switch name
+  when "Robert"
+    print "You are Robert"
+  when "Dan", "Daniel"
+    print "Your name, it's Dan"
+  else
+    print "I don't know about your name"
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+name = "Dan"
+switch name
+  when "Robert"
+    print "You are Robert"
+  when "Dan", "Daniel"
+    print "Your name, it's Dan"
+  else
+    print "I don't know about your name"
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+A switch when clause can match against multiple values by listing them out comma separated.
+
+Switches can be used as expressions as well, here we can assign the result of the switch to a variable:
+
+```moonscript
+b = 1
+next_number = switch b
+  when 1
+    2
+  when 2
+    3
+  else
+    error "can't count that high!"
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+b = 1
+next_number = switch b
+  when 1
+    2
+  when 2
+    3
+  else
+    error "can't count that high!"
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+We can use the then keyword to write a switch’s when block on a single line. No extra keyword is needed to write the else block on a single line.
+
+```moonscript
+msg = switch math.random(1, 5)
+  when 1 then "you are lucky"
+  when 2 then "you are almost lucky"
+  else "not so lucky"
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+msg = switch math.random(1, 5)
+  when 1 then "you are lucky"
+  when 2 then "you are almost lucky"
+  else "not so lucky"
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+It is worth noting the order of the case comparison expression. The case’s expression is on the left hand side. This can be useful if the case’s expression wants to overwrite how the comparison is done by defining an eq metamethod.
+
+## Object Oriented Programming
+
+In these examples, the generated Lua code may appear overwhelming. It is best to focus on the meaning of the Yuescript code at first, then look into the Lua code if you wish to know the implementation details.
+
+A simple class:
+
+```moonscript
+class Inventory
+  new: =>
+    @items = {}
+
+  add_item: (name)=>
+    if @items[name]
+      @items[name] += 1
+    else
+      @items[name] = 1
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+class Inventory
+  new: =>
+    @items = {}
+
+  add_item: (name)=>
+    if @items[name]
+      @items[name] += 1
+    else
+      @items[name] = 1
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+A class is declared with a class statement followed by a table-like declaration where all of the methods and properties are listed.
+
+The new property is special in that it will become the constructor.
+
+Notice how all the methods in the class use the fat arrow function syntax. When calling methods on a instance, the instance itself is sent in as the first argument. The fat arrow handles the creation of a self argument.
+
+The @ prefix on a variable name is shorthand for self.. @items becomes self.items.
+
+Creating an instance of the class is done by calling the name of the class as a function.
+
+```moonscript
+inv = Inventory!
+inv\add_item "t-shirt"
+inv\add_item "pants"
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+inv = Inventory!
+inv\add_item "t-shirt"
+inv\add_item "pants"
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+Because the instance of the class needs to be sent to the methods when they are called, the \ operator is used.
+
+All properties of a class are shared among the instances. This is fine for functions, but for other types of objects, undesired results may occur.
+
+Consider the example below, the clothes property is shared amongst all instances, so modifications to it in one instance will show up in another:
+
+```moonscript
+class Person
+  clothes: {}
+  give_item: (name)=>
+    table.insert @clothes, name
+
+a = Person!
+b = Person!
+
+a\give_item "pants"
+b\give_item "shirt"
+
+-- will print both pants and shirt
+print item for item in *a.clothes
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+class Person
+  clothes: {}
+  give_item: (name)=>
+    table.insert @clothes, name
+
+a = Person!
+b = Person!
+
+a\give_item "pants"
+b\give_item "shirt"
+
+-- will print both pants and shirt
+print item for item in *a.clothes
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+The proper way to avoid this problem is to create the mutable state of the object in the constructor:
+
+```moonscript
+class Person
+  new: =>
+    @clothes = {}
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+class Person
+  new: =>
+    @clothes = {}
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+### Inheritance
+
+The extends keyword can be used in a class declaration to inherit the properties and methods from another class.
+
+```moonscript
+class BackPack extends Inventory
+  size: 10
+  add_item: (name)=>
+    if #@items > size then error "backpack is full"
+    super name
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+class BackPack extends Inventory
+  size: 10
+  add_item: (name)=>
+    if #@items > size then error "backpack is full"
+    super name
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+Here we extend our Inventory class, and limit the amount of items it can carry.
+
+In this example, we don’t define a constructor on the subclass, so the parent class' constructor is called when we make a new instance. If we did define a constructor then we can use the super method to call the parent constructor.
+
+Whenever a class inherits from another, it sends a message to the parent class by calling the method __inherited on the parent class if it exists. The function receives two arguments, the class that is being inherited and the child class.
+
+```moonscript
+class Shelf
+  @__inherited: (child)=>
+    print @__name, "was inherited by", child.__name
+
+-- will print: Shelf was inherited by Cupboard
+class Cupboard extends Shelf
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+class Shelf
+  @__inherited: (child)=>
+    print @__name, "was inherited by", child.__name
+
+-- will print: Shelf was inherited by Cupboard
+class Cupboard extends Shelf
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+### Super
+
+**super** is a special keyword that can be used in two different ways: It can be treated as an object, or it can be called like a function. It only has special functionality when inside a class.
+
+When called as a function, it will call the function of the same name in the parent class. The current self will automatically be passed as the first argument. (As seen in the inheritance example above)
+
+When super is used as a normal value, it is a reference to the parent class object.
+
+It can be accessed like any of object in order to retrieve values in the parent class that might have been shadowed by the child class.
+
+When the \ calling operator is used with super, self is inserted as the first argument instead of the value of super itself. When using . to retrieve a function, the raw function is returned.
+
+A few examples of using super in different ways:
+
+```moonscript
+class MyClass extends ParentClass
+  a_method: =>
+    -- the following have the same effect:
+    super "hello", "world"
+    super\a_method "hello", "world"
+    super.a_method self, "hello", "world"
+
+    -- super as a value is equal to the parent class:
+    assert super == ParentClass
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+class MyClass extends ParentClass
+  a_method: =>
+    -- the following have the same effect:
+    super "hello", "world"
+    super\a_method "hello", "world"
+    super.a_method self, "hello", "world"
+
+    -- super as a value is equal to the parent class:
+    assert super == ParentClass
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+**super** can also be used on left side of a Function Stub. The only major difference is that instead of the resulting function being bound to the value of super, it is bound to self.
+
+### Types
+
+Every instance of a class carries its type with it. This is stored in the special __class property. This property holds the class object. The class object is what we call to build a new instance. We can also index the class object to retrieve class methods and properties.
+
+```moonscript
+b = BackPack!
+assert b.__class == BackPack
+
+print BackPack.size -- prints 10
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+b = BackPack!
+assert b.__class == BackPack
+
+print BackPack.size -- prints 10
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+### Class Objects
+
+The class object is what we create when we use a class statement. The class object is stored in a variable of the same name of the class.
+
+The class object can be called like a function in order to create new instances. That’s how we created instances of classes in the examples above.
+
+A class is made up of two tables. The class table itself, and the base table. The base is used as the metatable for all the instances. All properties listed in the class declaration are placed in the base.
+
+The class object’s metatable reads properties from the base if they don’t exist in the class object. This means we can access functions and properties directly from the class.
+
+It is important to note that assigning to the class object does not assign into the base, so it’s not a valid way to add new methods to instances. Instead the base must explicitly be changed. See the __base field below.
+
+The class object has a couple special properties:
+
+The name of the class as when it was declared is stored as a string in the __name field of the class object.
+
+```moonscript
+print BackPack.__name -- prints Backpack
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+print BackPack.__name -- prints Backpack
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+The base object is stored in __base. We can modify this table to add functionality to instances that have already been created and ones that are yet to be created.
+
+If the class extends from anything, the parent class object is stored in __parent.
+
+### Class Variables
+
+We can create variables directly in the class object instead of in the base by using @ in the front of the property name in a class declaration.
+
+```moonscript
+class Things
+  @some_func: => print "Hello from", @__name
+
+Things\some_func!
+
+-- class variables not visible in instances
+assert Things().some_func == nil
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+class Things
+  @some_func: => print "Hello from", @__name
+
+Things\some_func!
+
+-- class variables not visible in instances
+assert Things().some_func == nil
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+In expressions, we can use @@ to access a value that is stored in the __class of self. Thus, @@hello is shorthand for self.__class.hello.
+
+```moonscript
+class Counter
+  @count: 0
+
+  new: =>
+    @@count += 1
+
+Counter!
+Counter!
+
+print Counter.count -- prints 2
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+class Counter
+  @count: 0
+
+  new: =>
+    @@count += 1
+
+Counter!
+Counter!
+
+print Counter.count -- prints 2
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+The calling semantics of @@ are similar to @. Calling a @@ name will pass the class in as the first argument using Lua’s colon syntax.
+
+```moonscript
+@@hello 1,2,3,4
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+@@hello 1,2,3,4
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+### Class Declaration Statements
+
+In the body of a class declaration, we can have normal expressions in addition to key/value pairs. In this context, self is equal to the class object.
+
+Here is an alternative way to create a class variable compared to what’s described above:
+
+```moonscript
+class Things
+  @class_var = "hello world"
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+class Things
+  @class_var = "hello world"
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+These expressions are executed after all the properties have been added to the base.
+
+All variables declared in the body of the class are local to the classes properties. This is convenient for placing private values or helper functions that only the class methods can access:
+
+```moonscript
+class MoreThings
+  secret = 123
+  log = (msg)-> print "LOG:", msg
+
+  some_method: =>
+    log "hello world: " .. secret
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+class MoreThings
+  secret = 123
+  log = (msg)-> print "LOG:", msg
+
+  some_method: =>
+    log "hello world: " .. secret
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+### @ and @@ Values
+
+When @ and @@ are prefixed in front of a name they represent, respectively, that name accessed in self and self.__class.
+
+If they are used all by themselves, they are aliases for self and self.__class.
+
+```moonscript
+assert @ == self
+assert @@ == self.__class
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+assert @ == self
+assert @@ == self.__class
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+For example, a quick way to create a new instance of the same class from an instance method using @@:
+
+```moonscript
+some_instance_method = (...)=> @@ ...
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+some_instance_method = (...)=> @@ ...
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+### Class Expressions
+
+The class syntax can also be used as an expression which can be assigned to a variable or explicitly returned.
+
+```moonscript
+x = class Bucket
+  drops: 0
+  add_drop: => @drops += 1
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+x = class Bucket
+  drops: 0
+  add_drop: => @drops += 1
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+### Anonymous classes
+
+The name can be left out when declaring a class. The __name attribute will be nil, unless the class expression is in an assignment. The name on the left hand side of the assignment is used instead of nil.
+
+```moonscript
+BigBucket = class extends Bucket
+  add_drop: => @drops += 10
+
+assert Bucket.__name == "BigBucket"
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+BigBucket = class extends Bucket
+  add_drop: => @drops += 10
+
+assert Bucket.__name == "BigBucket"
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+You can even leave off the body, meaning you can write a blank anonymous class like this:
+
+```moonscript
+x = class
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+x = class
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+## With Statement
+
+A common pattern involving the creation of an object is calling a series of functions and setting a series of properties immediately after creating it.
+
+This results in repeating the name of the object multiple times in code, adding unnecessary noise. A common solution to this is to pass a table in as an argument which contains a collection of keys and values to overwrite. The downside to this is that the constructor of this object must support this form.
+
+The with block helps to alleviate this. Within a with block we can use a special statements that begin with either . or \ which represent those operations applied to the object we are using with on.
+
+For example, we work with a newly created object:
+
+```moonscript
+with Person!
+  .name = "Oswald"
+  \add_relative my_dad
+  \save!
+  print .name
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+with Person!
+  .name = "Oswald"
+  \add_relative my_dad
+  \save!
+  print .name
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+The with statement can also be used as an expression which returns the value it has been giving access to.
+
+```moonscript
+file = with File "favorite_foods.txt"
+  \set_encoding "utf8"
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+file = with File "favorite_foods.txt"
+  \set_encoding "utf8"
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+Or…
+
+```moonscript
+create_person = (name,  relatives)->
+  with Person!
+    .name = name
+    \add_relative relative for relative in *relatives
+
+me = create_person "Leaf", {dad, mother, sister}
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+create_person = (name,  relatives)->
+  with Person!
+    .name = name
+    \add_relative relative for relative in *relatives
+
+me = create_person "Leaf", {dad, mother, sister}
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+In this usage, with can be seen as a special form of the K combinator.
+
+The expression in the with statement can also be an assignment, if you want to give a name to the expression.
+
+```moonscript
+with str = "Hello"
+  print "original:", str
+  print "upper:", \upper!
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+with str = "Hello"
+  print "original:", str
+  print "upper:", \upper!
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+## Do
+
+When used as a statement, do works just like it does in Lua.
+
+```moonscript
+do
+  var = "hello"
+  print var
+print var -- nil here
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+do
+  var = "hello"
+  print var
+print var -- nil here
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+Yuescript’s **do** can also be used an expression . Allowing you to combine multiple lines into one. The result of the do expression is the last statement in its body.
+
+```moonscript
+counter = do
+  i = 0
+  ->
+    i += 1
+    i
+
+print counter!
+print counter!
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+counter = do
+  i = 0
+  ->
+    i += 1
+    i
+
+print counter!
+print counter!
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+```moonscript
+tbl = {
+  key: do
+    print "assigning key!"
+    1234
+}
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+tbl = {
+  key: do
+    print "assigning key!"
+    1234
+}
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+## Destructuring Assignment
+
+Destructuring assignment is a way to quickly extract values from a table by their name or position in array based tables.
+
+Typically when you see a table literal, {1,2,3}, it is on the right hand side of an assignment because it is a value. Destructuring assignment swaps the role of the table literal, and puts it on the left hand side of an assign statement.
+
+This is best explained with examples. Here is how you would unpack the first two values from a table:
+
+```moonscript
+thing = {1, 2}
+
+{a, b} = thing
+print a, b
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+thing = {1, 2}
+
+{a, b} = thing
+print a, b
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+In the destructuring table literal, the key represents the key to read from the right hand side, and the value represents the name the read value will be assigned to.
+
+```moonscript
+obj = {
+  hello: "world"
+  day: "tuesday"
+  length: 20
+}
+
+{hello: hello, day: the_day} = obj
+print hello, the_day
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+obj = {
+  hello: "world"
+  day: "tuesday"
+  length: 20
+}
+
+{hello: hello, day: the_day} = obj
+print hello, the_day
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+This also works with nested data structures as well:
+
+```moonscript
+obj2 = {
+  numbers: {1,2,3,4}
+  properties: {
+    color: "green"
+    height: 13.5
+  }
+}
+
+{numbers: {first, second}} = obj2
+print first, second, color
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+obj2 = {
+  numbers: {1,2,3,4}
+  properties: {
+    color: "green"
+    height: 13.5
+  }
+}
+
+{numbers: {first, second}} = obj2
+print first, second, color
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+If the destructuring statement is complicated, feel free to spread it out over a few lines. A slightly more complicated example:
+
+```moonscript
+{
+  numbers: {first, second}
+  properties: {
+    color: color
+  }
+} = obj2
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+{
+  numbers: {first, second}
+  properties: {
+    color: color
+  }
+} = obj2
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+It’s common to extract values from at table and assign them the local variables that have the same name as the key. In order to avoid repetition we can use the **:** prefix operator:
+
+```moonscript
+{:concat, :insert} = table
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+{:concat, :insert} = table
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+This is effectively the same as import, but we can rename fields we want to extract by mixing the syntax:
+
+```moonscript
+{:mix, :max, random: rand} = math
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+{:mix, :max, random: rand} = math
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+### Destructuring In Other Places
+
+Destructuring can also show up in places where an assignment implicitly takes place. An example of this is a for loop:
+
+```moonscript
+tuples = {
+  {"hello", "world"}
+  {"egg", "head"}
+}
+
+for {left, right} in *tuples
+  print left, right
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+tuples = {
+  {"hello", "world"}
+  {"egg", "head"}
+}
+
+for {left, right} in *tuples
+  print left, right
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+We know each element in the array table is a two item tuple, so we can unpack it directly in the names clause of the for statement using a destructure.
+
+## Function Stubs
+
+It is common to pass a function from an object around as a value, for example, passing an instance method into a function as a callback. If the function expects the object it is operating on as the first argument then you must somehow bundle that object with the function so it can be called properly.
+
+The function stub syntax is a shorthand for creating a new closure function that bundles both the object and function. This new function calls the wrapped function in the correct context of the object.
+
+Its syntax is the same as calling an instance method with the \ operator but with no argument list provided.
+
+```moonscript
+my_object = {
+  value: 1000
+  write: => print "the value:", @value
+}
+
+run_callback = (func)->
+  print "running callback..."
+  func!
+
+-- this will not work:
+-- the function has to no reference to my_object
+run_callback my_object.write
+
+-- function stub syntax
+-- lets us bundle the object into a new function
+run_callback my_object\write
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+my_object = {
+  value: 1000
+  write: => print "the value:", @value
+}
+
+run_callback = (func)->
+  print "running callback..."
+  func!
+
+-- this will not work:
+-- the function has to no reference to my_object
+run_callback my_object.write
+
+-- function stub syntax
+-- lets us bundle the object into a new function
+run_callback my_object\write
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+## The Using Clause; Controlling Destructive Assignment
+
+While lexical scoping can be a great help in reducing the complexity of the code we write, things can get unwieldy as the code size increases. Consider the following snippet:
+
+```moonscript
+i = 100
+
+-- many lines of code...
+
+my_func = ->
+  i = 10
+  while i > 0
+    print i
+    i -= 1
+
+my_func!
+
+print i -- will print 0
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+i = 100
+
+-- many lines of code...
+
+my_func = ->
+  i = 10
+  while i > 0
+    print i
+    i -= 1
+
+my_func!
+
+print i -- will print 0
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+In my_func, we've overwritten the value of i mistakenly. In this example it is quite obvious, but consider a large, or foreign code base where it isn’t clear what names have already been declared.
+
+It would be helpful to say which variables from the enclosing scope we intend on change, in order to prevent us from changing others by accident.
+
+The using keyword lets us do that. using nil makes sure that no closed variables are overwritten in assignment. The using clause is placed after the argument list in a function, or in place of it if there are no arguments.
+
+```moonscript
+i = 100
+
+my_func = (using nil)->
+  i = "hello" -- a new local variable is created here
+
+my_func!
+print i -- prints 100, i is unaffected
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+i = 100
+
+my_func = (using nil)->
+  i = "hello" -- a new local variable is created here
+
+my_func!
+print i -- prints 100, i is unaffected
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+Multiple names can be separated by commas. Closure values can still be accessed, they just cant be modified:
+
+```moonscript
+tmp = 1213
+i, k = 100, 50
+
+my_func = (add using k, i)->
+  tmp = tmp + add -- a new local tmp is created
+  i += tmp
+  k += tmp
+
+my_func(22)
+print i, k -- these have been updated
+```
+<YueDisplay>
+<pre>
+tmp = 1213
+i, k = 100, 50
+
+my_func = (add using k, i)->
+  tmp = tmp + add -- a new local tmp is created
+  i += tmp
+  k += tmp
+
+my_func(22)
+print i, k -- these have been updated
+</pre>
+</YueDisplay>
+
+## Licence: MIT
+
+Copyright (c) 2021 Li Jin
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
+
+<CompilerModal />
\ No newline at end of file