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authorErik Andersen <andersen@codepoet.org>2000-04-15 16:34:54 +0000
committerErik Andersen <andersen@codepoet.org>2000-04-15 16:34:54 +0000
commit5e1189e187f6a7957dadb8eda2c271c4a0777a23 (patch)
tree140cd30d77342c730afbc1df863bec93c63978a8 /docs
parent95c1c1e05f290ccbcc2ff863a62bcee5d57bf5c8 (diff)
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More documentation updates, and minor fixes to make things sync
up with the docs. -Erik
Diffstat (limited to 'docs')
-rw-r--r--docs/busybox.pod755
1 files changed, 692 insertions, 63 deletions
diff --git a/docs/busybox.pod b/docs/busybox.pod
index 0e36e3172..7d185fa15 100644
--- a/docs/busybox.pod
+++ b/docs/busybox.pod
@@ -36,16 +36,15 @@ tries to make itself useful to small systems with limited resources.
36 36
37Currently defined functions include: 37Currently defined functions include:
38 38
39basename, cat, chmod, chown, chgrp, chroot, clear, chvt, cp, date, 39basename, cat, chgrp, chmod, chown, chroot, clear, chvt, cp, date, dd, df,
40dd, df, dirname, dmesg, du, dutmp, echo, false, fbset, fdflush, find, free, 40dirname, dmesg, du, dutmp, echo, false, fbset, fdflush, find, free,
41freeramdisk, deallocvt, fsck.minix, mkfs.minix, grep, gunzip, gzip, 41freeramdisk, deallocvt, fsck.minix, grep, gunzip, gzip, halt, head, hostid,
42halt, head, hostid, hostname, init, kill, killall, length, ln, loadacm, 42hostname, init, kill, killall, length, ln, loadacm, loadfont, loadkmap, logger,
43loadfont, loadkmap, ls, lsmod, makedevs, math, mkdir, mkfifo, mknod, 43logname, ls, lsmod, makedevs, math, mkdir, mkfifo, mkfs.minix, mknod, mkswap,
44mkswap, mnc, more, mount, mt, mv, nslookup, poweroff, ping, printf, ps, 44mnc, more, mount, mt, mv, nslookup, ping, poweroff, printf, ps, pwd, reboot,
45pwd, reboot, rm, rmdir, rmmod, sed, sh, fdisk, sfdisk, sleep, sort, 45rm, rmdir, rmmod, sed, sh, sfdisk, sleep, sort, sync, syslogd, swapon, swapoff,
46sync, syslogd, logger, logname, swapon, swapoff, tail, tar, [, test, 46tail, tar, test, tee, touch, tr, true, tty, umount, uname, uniq, update,
47tee, touch, tr, true, tty, umount, uname, uptime, uniq, update, 47uptime, usleep, wc, whoami, yes, zcat, [
48usleep, wc, whoami, yes, zcat
49 48
50=head1 COMMON OPTIONS 49=head1 COMMON OPTIONS
51 50
@@ -82,6 +81,26 @@ Example:
82 81
83------------------------------- 82-------------------------------
84 83
84=item chgrp
85
86Usage: chgrp [OPTION]... GROUP FILE...
87
88Change the group membership of each FILE to GROUP.
89
90Options:
91
92 -R change files and directories recursively
93
94Example:
95
96 $ ls -l /tmp/foo
97 -r--r--r-- 1 andersen andersen 0 Apr 12 18:25 /tmp/foo
98 $ chgrp root /tmp/foo
99 $ ls -l /tmp/foo
100 -r--r--r-- 1 andersen root 0 Apr 12 18:25 /tmp/foo
101
102-------------------------------
103
85=item chmod 104=item chmod
86 105
87Usage: chmod [B<-R>] MODE[,MODE]... FILE... 106Usage: chmod [B<-R>] MODE[,MODE]... FILE...
@@ -165,26 +184,6 @@ Example:
165 184
166------------------------------- 185-------------------------------
167 186
168=item chgrp
169
170Usage: chgrp [OPTION]... GROUP FILE...
171
172Change the group membership of each FILE to GROUP.
173
174Options:
175
176 -R change files and directories recursively
177
178Example:
179
180 $ ls -l /tmp/foo
181 -r--r--r-- 1 andersen andersen 0 Apr 12 18:25 /tmp/foo
182 $ chgrp root /tmp/foo
183 $ ls -l /tmp/foo
184 -r--r--r-- 1 andersen root 0 Apr 12 18:25 /tmp/foo
185
186-------------------------------
187
188=item chroot 187=item chroot
189 188
190Usage: chroot NEWROOT [COMMAND...] 189Usage: chroot NEWROOT [COMMAND...]
@@ -391,6 +390,14 @@ Example:
391 390
392=item false 391=item false
393 392
393Returns an exit code of FALSE (1)
394
395Example:
396
397 $ false
398 $ echo $?
399 1
400
394------------------------------- 401-------------------------------
395 402
396=item fbset 403=item fbset
@@ -465,7 +472,7 @@ Displays the amount of free and used memory in the system.
465Example: 472Example:
466 473
467 $ free 474 $ free
468 total used free shared buffers 475 total used free shared buffers
469 Mem: 257628 248724 8904 59644 93124 476 Mem: 257628 248724 8904 59644 93124
470 Swap: 128516 8404 120112 477 Swap: 128516 8404 120112
471 Total: 386144 257128 129016 478 Total: 386144 257128 129016
@@ -510,22 +517,6 @@ OPTIONS:
510 517
511------------------------------- 518-------------------------------
512 519
513=item mkfs.minix
514
515Usage: mkfs.minix [B<-c> | B<-l> filename] [B<-nXX>] [B<-iXX>] /dev/name [blocks]
516
517Make a MINIX filesystem.
518
519OPTIONS:
520
521 -c Check the device for bad blocks
522 -n [14|30] Specify the maximum length of filenames
523 -i Specify the number of inodes for the filesystem
524 -l FILENAME Read the bad blocks list from FILENAME
525 -v Make a Minix version 2 filesystem
526
527-------------------------------
528
529=item grep 520=item grep
530 521
531Usage: grep [OPTIONS]... PATTERN [FILE]... 522Usage: grep [OPTIONS]... PATTERN [FILE]...
@@ -552,16 +543,52 @@ Example:
552 543
553=item gunzip 544=item gunzip
554 545
546Usage: gunzip [OPTION]... FILE
547
548Uncompress FILE (or standard input if FILE is '-').
549
550Options:
551
552 -c Write output to standard output
553 -t Test compressed file integrity
554
555Example:
556
557 $ ls -la /tmp/busybox*
558 -rw-rw-r-- 1 andersen andersen 557009 Apr 11 10:55 /tmp/busybox-0.43.tar.gz
559 $ gunzip /tmp/busybox-0.43.tar.gz
560 $ ls -la /tmp/busybox*
561 -rw-rw-r-- 1 andersen andersen 1761280 Apr 14 17:47 /tmp/busybox-0.43.tar
555 562
556------------------------------- 563-------------------------------
557 564
558=item gzip 565=item gzip
559 566
567Usage: gzip [OPTION]... FILE
568
569Compress FILE with maximum compression.
570When FILE is '-', reads standard input. Implies -c.
571
572Options:
573
574 -c Write output to standard output instead of FILE.gz
575
576Example:
577
578 $ ls -la /tmp/busybox*
579 -rw-rw-r-- 1 andersen andersen 1761280 Apr 14 17:47 /tmp/busybox-0.43.tar
580 $ gzip /tmp/busybox-0.43.tar
581 $ ls -la /tmp/busybox*
582 -rw-rw-r-- 1 andersen andersen 554058 Apr 14 17:49 /tmp/busybox-0.43.tar.gz
583
560 584
561------------------------------- 585-------------------------------
562 586
563=item halt 587=item halt
564 588
589Usage: halt
590
591This comand halts the system.
565 592
566------------------------------- 593-------------------------------
567 594
@@ -587,6 +614,11 @@ Example:
587 614
588=item hostid 615=item hostid
589 616
617Usage: hostid
618
619Prints out a unique 32-bit identifier for the current
620machine. The 32-bit identifier is intended to be unique
621among all UNIX systems in existence.
590 622
591------------------------------- 623-------------------------------
592 624
@@ -613,6 +645,94 @@ Example:
613 645
614=item init 646=item init
615 647
648Usage: init
649
650Init is the parent of all processes.
651
652This version of init is designed to be run only by the kernel.
653
654BusyBox init doesn't support multiple runlevels. The runlevels field of
655the /etc/inittab file is completely ignored by BusyBox init. If you want
656runlevels, use sysvinit.
657
658BusyBox init works just fine without an inittab. If no inittab is found,
659it has the following default behavior:
660
661 ::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS
662 ::askfirst:/bin/sh
663
664if it detects that /dev/console is _not_ a serial console, it will also run:
665
666 tty2::askfirst:/bin/sh
667
668If you choose to use an /etc/inittab file, the inittab entry format is as follows:
669
670 <id>:<runlevels>:<action>:<process>
671
672 <id>:
673
674 WARNING: This field has a non-traditional meaning for BusyBox init!
675 The id field is used by BusyBox init to specify the controlling tty for
676 the specified process to run on. The contents of this field are
677 appended to "/dev/" and used as-is. There is no need for this field to
678 be unique, although if it isn't you may have strange results. If this
679 field is left blank, it is completely ignored. Also note that if
680 BusyBox detects that a serial console is in use, then all entries
681 containing non-empty id fields will _not_ be run. BusyBox init does
682 nothing with utmp. We don't need no stinkin' utmp.
683
684 <runlevels>:
685
686 The runlevels field is completely ignored.
687
688 <action>:
689
690 Valid actions include: sysinit, respawn, askfirst, wait,
691 once, and ctrlaltdel.
692
693 askfirst acts just like respawn, but before running the specified
694 process it displays the line "Please press Enter to activate this
695 console." and then waits for the user to press enter before starting
696 the specified process.
697
698 Unrecognised actions (like initdefault) will cause init to emit
699 an error message, and then go along with its business.
700
701 <process>:
702
703 Specifies the process to be executed and it's command line.
704
705
706Example /etc/inittab file:
707
708 # This is run first except when booting in single-user mode.
709 #
710 ::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS
711
712 # /bin/sh invocations on selected ttys
713 #
714 # Start an "askfirst" shell on the console (whatever that may be)
715 ::askfirst:/bin/sh
716 # Start an "askfirst" shell on /dev/tty2
717 tty2::askfirst:/bin/sh
718
719 # /sbin/getty invocations for selected ttys
720 #
721 tty4::respawn:/sbin/getty 38400 tty4
722 tty5::respawn:/sbin/getty 38400 tty5
723
724
725 # Example of how to put a getty on a serial line (for a terminal)
726 #
727 #ttyS0::respawn:/sbin/getty -L ttyS0 9600 vt100
728 #ttyS1::respawn:/sbin/getty -L ttyS1 9600 vt100
729 #
730 # Example how to put a getty on a modem line.
731 #ttyS2::respawn:/sbin/getty -x0 -s 57600 ttyS2
732
733 # Stuff to do before rebooting
734 ::ctrlaltdel:/bin/umount -a -r > /dev/null 2>&1
735 ::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/swapoff -a > /dev/null 2>&1
616 736
617------------------------------- 737-------------------------------
618 738
@@ -641,10 +761,28 @@ Example:
641 761
642=item killall 762=item killall
643 763
764Usage: killall [-signal] process-name [process-name ...]
765
766Send a signal (default is SIGTERM) to the specified process(es).
767
768Options:
769 -l List all signal names and numbers.
770
771Example:
772
773 $ killall apache
774
644------------------------------- 775-------------------------------
645 776
646=item length 777=item length
647 778
779Usage: length string
780
781Prints out the length of the specified string.
782
783Example:
784 $ length "Hello"
785 5
648 786
649------------------------------- 787-------------------------------
650 788
@@ -668,14 +806,52 @@ Example:
668 806
669=item loadacm 807=item loadacm
670 808
809FIXME
810
671------------------------------- 811-------------------------------
672 812
673=item loadfont 813=item loadfont
674 814
815FIXME
816
675------------------------------- 817-------------------------------
676 818
677=item loadkmap 819=item loadkmap
678 820
821FIXME
822
823-------------------------------
824
825=item logger
826
827Usage: logger [OPTION]... [MESSAGE]
828
829Write MESSAGE to the system log. If MESSAGE is '-', log stdin.
830
831Options:
832
833 -s Log to stderr as well as the system log.
834 -t Log using the specified tag (defaults to user name).
835 -p Enter the message with the specified priority.
836 This may be numerical or a ``facility.level'' pair.
837
838Example:
839
840 $ logger "hello"
841
842-------------------------------
843
844=item logname
845
846Usage: logname
847
848Print the name of the current user.
849
850Example:
851
852 $ logname
853 root
854
679------------------------------- 855-------------------------------
680 856
681=item ls 857=item ls
@@ -705,16 +881,53 @@ Options:
705 881
706Usage: lsmod 882Usage: lsmod
707 883
708Shows information about all loaded modules. 884Shows a list of all currently loaded kernel modules.
709 885
710------------------------------- 886-------------------------------
711 887
712=item makedevs 888=item makedevs
713 889
890Usage: makedevs NAME TYPE MAJOR MINOR FIRST LAST [s]
891
892Creates a range of block or character special files
893
894TYPEs include:
895
896 b: Make a block (buffered) device.
897 c or u: Make a character (un-buffered) device.
898 p: Make a named pipe. MAJOR and MINOR are ignored for named pipes.
899
900FIRST specifies the number appended to NAME to create the first device.
901LAST specifies the number of the last item that should be created.
902If 's' is the last argument, the base device is created as well.
903
904Example:
905
906 $ makedevs /dev/ttyS c 4 66 2 63
907 [creates ttyS2-ttyS63]
908 $ makedevs /dev/hda b 3 0 0 8 s
909 [creates hda,hda1-hda8]
910
714------------------------------- 911-------------------------------
715 912
716=item math 913=item math
717 914
915Usage: math expression ...
916
917This is a Tiny RPN calculator that understands the
918following operations: +, -, /, *, and, or, not, eor.
919
920Example:
921
922 $ math 2 2 add
923 4
924 $ math 8 8 \* 2 2 + /
925 16
926 $ math 0 1 and
927 0
928 $ math 0 1 or
929 1
930
718------------------------------- 931-------------------------------
719 932
720=item mkdir 933=item mkdir
@@ -741,23 +954,49 @@ Example:
741 954
742=item mkfifo 955=item mkfifo
743 956
957Usage: mkfifo [OPTIONS] name
958
959Creates a named pipe (identical to 'mknod name p')
960
961Options:
962 -m create the pipe using the specified mode (default a=rw)
963
964-------------------------------
965
966=item mkfs.minix
967
968Usage: mkfs.minix [B<-c> | B<-l> filename] [B<-nXX>] [B<-iXX>] /dev/name [blocks]
969
970Make a MINIX filesystem.
971
972OPTIONS:
973
974 -c Check the device for bad blocks
975 -n [14|30] Specify the maximum length of filenames
976 -i Specify the number of inodes for the filesystem
977 -l FILENAME Read the bad blocks list from FILENAME
978 -v Make a Minix version 2 filesystem
979
744------------------------------- 980-------------------------------
745 981
746=item mknod 982=item mknod
747 983
748Usage: mknod NAME TYPE MAJOR MINOR 984Usage: mknod [OPTIONS] NAME TYPE MAJOR MINOR
749 985
750Make block or character special files. 986Create a special file (block, character, or pipe).
751 987
752TYPEs include: 988Options:
989 -m create the special file using the specified mode (default a=rw)
753 990
754 b: Make a block (buffered) device. 991TYPEs include:
755 c or u: Make a character (un-buffered) device. 992 b: Make a block (buffered) device.
756 p: Make a named pipe. Major and minor are ignored for named pipes. 993 c or u: Make a character (un-buffered) device.
994 p: Make a named pipe. MAJOR and MINOR are ignored for named pipes.
757 995
758Example: 996Example:
759 997
760 $ mknod /dev/fd0 b 2 0 998 $ mknod /dev/fd0 b 2 0
999 $ mknod -m 644 /tmp/pipe p
761 1000
762------------------------------- 1001-------------------------------
763 1002
@@ -778,6 +1017,21 @@ Options:
778 1017
779=item mnc 1018=item mnc
780 1019
1020Usage: mnc [IP] [port]
1021
1022mini-netcat opens a pipe to IP:port
1023
1024Example:
1025
1026 $ mnc foobar.somedomain.com 25
1027 220 foobar ESMTP Exim 3.12 #1 Sat, 15 Apr 2000 00:03:02 -0600
1028 help
1029 214-Commands supported:
1030 214- HELO EHLO MAIL RCPT DATA AUTH
1031 214 NOOP QUIT RSET HELP
1032 quit
1033 221 foobar closing connection
1034
781------------------------------- 1035-------------------------------
782 1036
783=item more 1037=item more
@@ -830,6 +1084,10 @@ Example:
830 1084
831=item mt 1085=item mt
832 1086
1087Usage: mt [-f device] opcode value
1088
1089Control magnetic tape drive operation
1090
833------------------------------- 1091-------------------------------
834 1092
835=item mv 1093=item mv
@@ -848,9 +1106,18 @@ Example:
848 1106
849=item nslookup 1107=item nslookup
850 1108
851------------------------------- 1109Usage: nslookup [HOST]
852 1110
853=item poweroff 1111Queries the nameserver for the IP address of the given HOST
1112
1113Example:
1114
1115 $ nslookup localhost
1116 Server: default
1117 Address: default
1118
1119 Name: debian
1120 Address: 127.0.0.1
854 1121
855------------------------------- 1122-------------------------------
856 1123
@@ -877,116 +1144,478 @@ Example:
877 1144
878------------------------------- 1145-------------------------------
879 1146
1147=item poweroff
1148
1149Shuts down the system, and requests that the kernel turn off power upon halting.
1150
1151-------------------------------
1152
880=item printf 1153=item printf
881 1154
1155Usage: printf format [argument...]
1156
1157Formats and prints the given data in a manner similar to the C printf command.
1158
1159Example:
1160
1161 $ printf "Val=%d\n" 5
1162 Val=5
1163
882------------------------------- 1164-------------------------------
883 1165
884=item ps 1166=item ps
885 1167
1168Usage: ps
1169
1170Report process status
1171
1172This version of ps accepts no options.
1173
1174Example:
1175
1176 $ ps
1177 PID Uid Gid State Command
1178 1 root root S init
1179 2 root root S [kflushd]
1180 3 root root S [kupdate]
1181 4 root root S [kpiod]
1182 5 root root S [kswapd]
1183 742 andersen andersen S [bash]
1184 743 andersen andersen S -bash
1185 745 root root S [getty]
1186 2990 andersen andersen R ps
1187
886------------------------------- 1188-------------------------------
887 1189
888=item pwd 1190=item pwd
889 1191
1192Prints the full filename of the current working directory.
1193
1194Example:
1195
1196 $ pwd
1197 /root
1198
890------------------------------- 1199-------------------------------
891 1200
892=item reboot 1201=item reboot
893 1202
1203Instructs the kernel to reboot the system.
1204
894------------------------------- 1205-------------------------------
895 1206
896=item rm 1207=item rm
897 1208
1209Usage: rm [OPTION]... FILE...
1210
1211Remove (unlink) the FILE(s).
1212
1213Options:
1214
1215 -f remove existing destinations, never prompt
1216 -r or -R remove the contents of directories recursively
1217
1218Example:
1219
1220 $ rm -rf /tmp/foo
1221
898------------------------------- 1222-------------------------------
899 1223
900=item syslogd 1224=item rmdir
1225
1226Usage: rmdir [OPTION]... DIRECTORY...
1227
1228Remove the DIRECTORY(ies), if they are empty.
1229
1230Example:
1231
1232 # rmdir /tmp/foo
901 1233
902------------------------------- 1234-------------------------------
903 1235
904=item logger 1236=item rmmod
1237
1238Usage: rmmod [OPTION]... [MODULE]...
1239
1240Unloads the specified kernel modules from the kernel.
1241
1242Options:
1243
1244 -a Try to remove all unused kernel modules.
1245
1246Example:
1247
1248 $ rmmod tulip
905 1249
906------------------------------- 1250-------------------------------
907 1251
908=item logname 1252=item sed
1253
1254Usage: sed [-n] -e script [file...]
1255
1256Allowed sed scripts come in the following form:
1257
1258 'ADDR [!] COMMAND'
1259
1260 where address ADDR can be:
1261 NUMBER Match specified line number
1262 $ Match last line
1263 /REGEXP/ Match specified regexp
1264 (! inverts the meaning of the match)
1265
1266 and COMMAND can be:
1267 s/regexp/replacement/[igp]
1268 which attempt to match regexp against the pattern space
1269 and if successful replaces the matched portion with replacement.
1270
1271 aTEXT
1272 which appends TEXT after the pattern space
1273
1274Options:
1275
1276 -e add the script to the commands to be executed
1277 -n suppress automatic printing of pattern space
1278
1279This version of sed matches full regular expresions.
1280
1281Example:
1282
1283 $ echo "foo" | sed -e 's/f[a-zA-Z]o/bar/g'
1284 bar
1285
1286-------------------------------
1287
1288=item sh
1289
1290FIXME
1291
1292-------------------------------
1293
1294=item sfdisk
1295
1296Usage: sfdisk [options] device ...
1297
1298device: something like /dev/hda or /dev/sda
1299
1300useful options:
1301
1302 -s [or --show-size]: list size of a partition
1303 -c [or --id]: print or change partition Id
1304 -l [or --list]: list partitions of each device
1305 -d [or --dump]: idem, but in a format suitable for later input
1306 -i [or --increment]: number cylinders etc. from 1 instead of from 0
1307 -uS, -uB, -uC, -uM: accept/report in units of sectors/blocks/cylinders/MB
1308 -T [or --list-types]:list the known partition types
1309 -D [or --DOS]: for DOS-compatibility: waste a little space
1310 -R [or --re-read]: make kernel reread partition table
1311 -N# : change only the partition with number #
1312 -n : do not actually write to disk
1313 -O file : save the sectors that will be overwritten to file
1314 -I file : restore these sectors again
1315 -v [or --version]: print version
1316 -? [or --help]: print this message
1317
1318dangerous options:
1319
1320 -g [or --show-geometry]: print the kernel's idea of the geometry
1321 -x [or --show-extended]: also list extended partitions on output
1322
1323 or expect descriptors for them on input
1324 -L [or --Linux]: do not complain about things irrelevant for Linux
1325 -q [or --quiet]: suppress warning messages
1326 You can override the detected geometry using:
1327 -C# [or --cylinders #]:set the number of cylinders to use
1328 -H# [or --heads #]: set the number of heads to use
1329 -S# [or --sectors #]: set the number of sectors to use
1330
1331You can disable all consistency checking with:
1332
1333 -f [or --force]: do what I say, even if it is stupid
1334
1335-------------------------------
1336
1337=item sleep
1338
1339Usage: sleep N
1340
1341Pause for N seconds.
1342
1343Example:
1344
1345 $ sleep 2
1346 [2 second delay results]
1347
1348-------------------------------
1349
1350=item sort
1351
1352Usage: sort [-n] [-r] [FILE]...
1353
1354Sorts lines of text in the specified files
1355
1356Example:
1357
1358 $ echo -e "e\nf\nb\nd\nc\na" | sort
1359 a
1360 b
1361 c
1362 d
1363 e
1364 f
1365
1366-------------------------------
1367
1368=item sync
1369
1370Usage: sync
1371
1372Write all buffered filesystem blocks to disk.
1373
1374-------------------------------
1375
1376=item syslogd
1377
1378Usage: syslogd [OPTION]...
1379
1380Linux system and kernel (provides klogd) logging utility.
1381Note that this version of syslogd/klogd ignores /etc/syslog.conf.
1382
1383Options:
1384
1385 -m Change the mark timestamp interval. default=20min. 0=off
1386 -n Do not fork into the background (for when run by init)
1387 -K Do not start up the klogd process (by default syslogd spawns klogd).
1388 -O Specify an alternate log file. default=/var/log/messages
909 1389
910------------------------------- 1390-------------------------------
911 1391
912=item swapon 1392=item swapon
913 1393
1394Usage: swapon [OPTION] [device]
1395
1396Start swapping virtual memory pages on the given device.
1397
1398Options:
1399
1400 -a Start swapping on all swap devices
1401
914------------------------------- 1402-------------------------------
915 1403
916=item swapoff 1404=item swapoff
917 1405
1406Usage: swapoff [OPTION] [device]
1407
1408Stop swapping virtual memory pages on the given device.
1409
1410Options:
1411
1412 -a Stop swapping on all swap devices
1413
918------------------------------- 1414-------------------------------
919 1415
920=item tail 1416=item tail
921 1417
1418Usage: tail [OPTION] [FILE]...
1419
1420Print last 10 lines of each FILE to standard output.
1421With more than one FILE, precede each with a header giving the
1422file name. With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.
1423
1424Options:
1425
1426 -n NUM Print last NUM lines instead of first 10
1427 -f Output data as the file grows. This version
1428 of 'tail -f' supports only one file at a time.
1429
1430Example:
1431
1432 $ tail -n 1 /etc/resolv.conf
1433 nameserver 10.0.0.1
1434
922------------------------------- 1435-------------------------------
923 1436
924=item tar 1437=item tar
925 1438
1439Usage: tar -[cxtvO] [--exclude File] [-f tarFile] [FILE] ...
1440
1441Create, extract, or list files from a tar file. Note that
1442this version of tar treats hard links as separate files.
1443
1444Main operation mode:
1445
1446 c create
1447 x extract
1448 t list
1449
1450File selection:
1451
1452 f name of tarfile or "-" for stdin
1453 O extract to stdout
1454 --exclude file to exclude
1455
1456Informative output:
1457
1458 v verbosely list files processed
1459
1460Example:
1461
1462 $ zcat /tmp/tarball.tar.gz | tar -xf -
1463 $ tar -cf /tmp/tarball.tar /usr/local
1464
926------------------------------- 1465-------------------------------
927 1466
928=item test, [ 1467=item test, [
929 1468
1469Usage: test EXPRESSION
1470or [ EXPRESSION ]
1471
1472Checks file types and compares values returning an exit
1473code determined by the value of EXPRESSION.
1474
1475Example:
1476
1477 $ test 1 -eq 2
1478 $ echo $?
1479 1
1480 $ test 1 -eq 1
1481 $ echo $?
1482 0
1483 $ [ -d /etc ]
1484 $ echo $?
1485 0
1486 $ [ -d /junk ]
1487 $ echo $?
1488 1
1489
930------------------------------- 1490-------------------------------
931 1491
932=item tee 1492=item tee
933 1493
1494Usage: tee [OPTION]... [FILE]...
1495
1496Copy standard input to each FILE, and also to standard output.
1497
1498Options:
1499
1500 -a append to the given FILEs, do not overwrite
1501
1502Example:
1503
1504 $ echo "Hello" | tee /tmp/foo
1505 $ cat /tmp/foo
1506 Hello
1507
934------------------------------- 1508-------------------------------
935 1509
936=item touch 1510=item touch
937 1511
1512Usage: touch [-c] file [file ...]
1513
1514Update the last-modified date on (or create) the selected file[s].
1515
1516Example:
1517
1518 $ ls -l /tmp/foo
1519 /bin/ls: /tmp/foo: No such file or directory
1520 $ touch /tmp/foo
1521 $ ls -l /tmp/foo
1522 -rw-rw-r-- 1 andersen andersen 0 Apr 15 01:11 /tmp/foo
1523
938------------------------------- 1524-------------------------------
939 1525
940=item tr 1526=item tr
941 1527
1528Usage: tr [-csu] string1 string2
1529 tr [-cu] -d string1
1530 tr [-cu] -s string1
1531 tr [-cu] -ds string1 string2
1532
1533Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters from standard
1534input, writing to standard output.
1535
1536Example:
1537
1538 $ echo "gdkkn vnqkc" | tr [a-y] [b-z]
1539 hello world
1540
942------------------------------- 1541-------------------------------
943 1542
944=item true 1543=item true
945 1544
1545Returns an exit code of TRUE (0)
1546
1547Example:
1548
1549 $ true
1550 $ echo $?
1551 0
1552
946------------------------------- 1553-------------------------------
947 1554
948=item tty 1555=item tty
949 1556
1557FIXME
1558
950------------------------------- 1559-------------------------------
951 1560
952=item umount 1561=item umount
953 1562
1563FIXME
1564
954------------------------------- 1565-------------------------------
955 1566
956=item uname 1567=item uname
957 1568
958------------------------------- 1569FIXME
959
960=item uptime
961 1570
962------------------------------- 1571-------------------------------
963 1572
964=item uniq 1573=item uniq
965 1574
1575FIXME
1576
966------------------------------- 1577-------------------------------
967 1578
968=item update 1579=item update
969 1580
1581FIXME
1582
1583-------------------------------
1584
1585=item uptime
1586
1587FIXME
1588
970------------------------------- 1589-------------------------------
971 1590
972=item usleep 1591=item usleep
973 1592
1593FIXME
1594
974------------------------------- 1595-------------------------------
975 1596
976=item wc 1597=item wc
977 1598
1599FIXME
1600
978------------------------------- 1601-------------------------------
979 1602
980=item whoami 1603=item whoami
981 1604
1605FIXME
1606
982------------------------------- 1607-------------------------------
983 1608
984=item yes 1609=item yes
985 1610
1611FIXME
1612
986------------------------------- 1613-------------------------------
987 1614
988=item zcat 1615=item zcat
989 1616
1617FIXME
1618
990------------------------------- 1619-------------------------------
991 1620
992=back 1621=back
@@ -1046,4 +1675,4 @@ Enrique Zanardi <ezanardi@ull.es>
1046 1675
1047=cut 1676=cut
1048 1677
1049# $Id: busybox.pod,v 1.9 2000/04/13 23:44:04 beppu Exp $ 1678# $Id: busybox.pod,v 1.10 2000/04/15 16:34:54 erik Exp $