10 files changed, 214 insertions, 65 deletions

diff --git a/doc/ext_buffer.html b/doc/ext_buffer.html
index 94af757d..2443fc90 100644
--- a/doc/ext_buffer.html
+++ b/doc/ext_buffer.html
@@ -175,14 +175,19 @@ object itself as a convenience. This allows method chaining, e.g.:
 
 <h2 id="create">Buffer Creation and Management</h2>
 
-<h3 id="buffer_new"><tt>local buf = buffer.new([size])</tt></h3>
+<h3 id="buffer_new"><tt>local buf = buffer.new([size [,options]])<br>
+local buf = buffer.new([options])</tt></h3>
 <p>
 Creates a new buffer object.
 </p>
 <p>
 The optional <tt>size</tt> argument ensures a minimum initial buffer
-size. This is strictly an optimization for cases where the required
-buffer size is known beforehand.
+size. This is strictly an optimization when the required buffer size is
+known beforehand. The buffer space will grow as needed, in any case.
+</p>
+<p>
+The optional table <tt>options</tt> sets various
+<a href="#serialize_options">serialization options</a>.
 </p>
 
 <h3 id="buffer_reset"><tt>buf = buf:reset()</tt></h3>
@@ -205,7 +210,7 @@ immediately.
 
 <h2 id="write">Buffer Writers</h2>
 
-<h3 id="buffer_put"><tt>buf = buf:put([str|num|obj] [, ...])</tt></h3>
+<h3 id="buffer_put"><tt>buf = buf:put([str|num|obj] [,…])</tt></h3>
 <p>
 Appends a string <tt>str</tt>, a number <tt>num</tt> or any object
 <tt>obj</tt> with a <tt>__tostring</tt> metamethod to the buffer.
@@ -217,7 +222,7 @@ internally. But it still involves a copy. Better combine the buffer
 writes to use a single buffer.
 </p>
 
-<h3 id="buffer_putf"><tt>buf = buf:putf(format, ...)</tt></h3>
+<h3 id="buffer_putf"><tt>buf = buf:putf(format, …)</tt></h3>
 <p>
 Appends the formatted arguments to the buffer. The <tt>format</tt>
 string supports the same options as <tt>string.format()</tt>.
@@ -298,7 +303,7 @@ method, if nothing is added to the buffer (e.g. on error).
 Returns the current length of the buffer data in bytes.
 </p>
 
-<h3 id="buffer_concat"><tt>res = str|num|buf .. str|num|buf [...]</tt></h3>
+<h3 id="buffer_concat"><tt>res = str|num|buf .. str|num|buf […]</tt></h3>
 <p>
 The Lua concatenation operator <tt>..</tt> also accepts buffers, just
 like strings or numbers. It always returns a string and not a buffer.
@@ -319,7 +324,7 @@ Skips (consumes) <tt>len</tt> bytes from the buffer up to the current
 length of the buffer data.
 </p>
 
-<h3 id="buffer_get"><tt>str, ... = buf:get([len|nil] [,...])</tt></h3>
+<h3 id="buffer_get"><tt>str, … = buf:get([len|nil] [,…])</tt></h3>
 <p>
 Consumes the buffer data and returns one or more strings. If called
 without arguments, the whole buffer data is consumed. If called with a
@@ -444,6 +449,56 @@ data after decoding a single top-level object. The buffer method leaves
 any left-over data in the buffer.
 </p>
 
+<h3 id="serialize_options">Serialization Options</h3>
+<p>
+The <tt>options</tt> table passed to <tt>buffer.new()</tt> may contain
+the following members (all optional):
+</p>
+<ul>
+<li>
+<tt>dict</tt> is a Lua table holding a <b>dictionary of strings</b> that
+commonly occur as table keys of objects you are serializing. These keys
+are compactly encoded as indexes during serialization. A well chosen
+dictionary saves space and improves serialization performance.
+</li>
+</ul>
+<p>
+<tt>dict</tt> needs to be an array of strings, starting at index 1 and
+without holes (no <tt>nil</tt> inbetween). The table is anchored in the
+buffer object and internally modified into a two-way index (don't do
+this yourself, just pass a plain array). The table must not be modified
+after it has been passed to <tt>buffer.new()</tt>.
+</p>
+<p>
+The <tt>dict</tt> tables used by the encoder and decoder must be the
+same. Put the most common entries at the front. Extend at the end to
+ensure backwards-compatibility &mdash; older encodings can then still be
+read. You may also set some indexes to <tt>false</tt> to explicitly drop
+backwards-compatibility. Old encodings that use these indexes will throw
+an error when decoded.
+</p>
+<p>
+Note: parsing and preparation of the options table is somewhat
+expensive. Create a buffer object only once and recycle it for multiple
+uses. Avoid mixing encoder and decoder buffers, since the
+<tt>buf:set()</tt> method frees the already allocated buffer space:
+</p>
+<pre class="code">
+local options = {
+  dict = { "commonly", "used", "string", "keys" },
+}
+local buf_enc = buffer.new(options)
+local buf_dec = buffer.new(options)
+
+local function encode(obj)
+  return buf_enc:reset():encode(obj):get()
+end
+
+local function decode(str)
+  return buf_dec:set(str):decode()
+end
+</pre>
+
 <h3 id="serialize_stream">Streaming Serialization</h3>
 <p>
 In some contexts, it's desirable to do piecewise serialization of large
@@ -536,6 +591,7 @@ uint64    → 0x11 uint.L                           // FFI uint64_t
 complex   → 0x12 re.L im.L                         // FFI complex
 
 string    → (0x20+len).U len*char.B
+          | 0x0f (index-1).U                        // Dict entry
 
 .B = 8 bit
 .I = 32 bit little-endian
diff --git a/src/lib_buffer.c b/src/lib_buffer.c
index 78c4eeb9..f13320c4 100644
--- a/src/lib_buffer.c
+++ b/src/lib_buffer.c
@@ -29,9 +29,7 @@
 #include "lj_serialize.h"
 #include "lj_lib.h"
 
-/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
-
-#define LJLIB_MODULE_buffer_method
+/* -- Helper functions ---------------------------------------------------- */
 
 /* Check that the first argument is a string buffer. */
 static SBufExt *buffer_tobuf(lua_State *L)
@@ -49,11 +47,16 @@ static LJ_AINLINE SBufExt *buffer_tobufw(lua_State *L)
   return sbx;
 }
 
+#define buffer_toudata(sbx)     ((GCudata *)(sbx)-1)
+
+/* -- Buffer methods ------------------------------------------------------ */
+
+#define LJLIB_MODULE_buffer_method
+
 LJLIB_CF(buffer_method_free)
 {
   SBufExt *sbx = buffer_tobuf(L);
-  lj_bufx_free(G(L), sbx);
-  lj_bufx_init(L, sbx);
+  lj_bufx_free(L, sbx);
   L->top = L->base+1;  /* Chain buffer object. */
   return 1;
 }
@@ -83,6 +86,7 @@ LJLIB_CF(buffer_method_skip)
 LJLIB_CF(buffer_method_set)
 {
   SBufExt *sbx = buffer_tobuf(L);
+  GCobj *ref;
   const char *p;
   MSize len;
 #if LJ_HASFFI
@@ -98,9 +102,11 @@ LJLIB_CF(buffer_method_set)
     p = strdata(str);
     len = str->len;
   }
-  lj_bufx_free(G(L), sbx);
-  lj_bufx_init_cow(L, sbx, p, len);
-  setgcref(sbx->cowref, gcV(L->base+1));
+  lj_bufx_free(L, sbx);
+  lj_bufx_set_cow(L, sbx, p, len);
+  ref = gcV(L->base+1);
+  setgcref(sbx->cowref, ref);
+  lj_gc_objbarrier(L, buffer_toudata(sbx), ref);
   L->top = L->base+1;  /* Chain buffer object. */
   return 1;
 }
@@ -249,8 +255,7 @@ LJLIB_CF(buffer_method_decode)
 LJLIB_CF(buffer_method___gc)
 {
   SBufExt *sbx = buffer_tobuf(L);
-  lj_bufx_free(G(L), sbx);
-  lj_bufx_init(L, sbx);
+  lj_bufx_free(L, sbx);
   return 0;
 }
 
@@ -272,7 +277,7 @@ LJLIB_CF(buffer_method___len)
 LJLIB_PUSH("buffer") LJLIB_SET(__metatable)
 LJLIB_PUSH(top-1) LJLIB_SET(__index)
 
-/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+/* -- Buffer library functions -------------------------------------------- */
 
 #define LJLIB_MODULE_buffer
 
@@ -280,16 +285,33 @@ LJLIB_PUSH(top-2) LJLIB_SET(!)  /* Set environment. */
 
 LJLIB_CF(buffer_new)
 {
-  MSize sz = L->base == L->top ? 0u :
-             (MSize)lj_lib_checkintrange(L, 1, 0, LJ_MAX_BUF);
-  GCtab *env = tabref(curr_func(L)->c.env);
-  GCudata *ud = lj_udata_new(L, sizeof(SBufExt), env);
-  SBufExt *sbx = (SBufExt *)uddata(ud);
+  MSize sz = 0;
+  int targ = 1;
+  GCtab *env, *dict = NULL;
+  GCudata *ud;
+  SBufExt *sbx;
+  if (L->base < L->top && !tvistab(L->base)) {
+    targ = 2;
+    if (!tvisnil(L->base))
+      sz = (MSize)lj_lib_checkintrange(L, 1, 0, LJ_MAX_BUF);
+  }
+  if (L->base+targ-1 < L->top) {
+    GCtab *options = lj_lib_checktab(L, targ);
+    cTValue *opt_dict = lj_tab_getstr(options, lj_str_newlit(L, "dict"));
+    if (opt_dict && tvistab(opt_dict)) {
+      dict = tabV(opt_dict);
+      lj_serialize_dict_prep(L, dict);
+    }
+  }
+  env = tabref(curr_func(L)->c.env);
+  ud = lj_udata_new(L, sizeof(SBufExt), env);
   ud->udtype = UDTYPE_BUFFER;
   /* NOBARRIER: The GCudata is new (marked white). */
   setgcref(ud->metatable, obj2gco(env));
   setudataV(L, L->top++, ud);
+  sbx = (SBufExt *)uddata(ud);
   lj_bufx_init(L, sbx);
+  setgcref(sbx->dict, obj2gco(dict));
   if (sz > 0) lj_buf_need2((SBuf *)sbx, sz);
   return 1;
 }
@@ -298,7 +320,8 @@ LJLIB_CF(buffer_encode)
 {
   cTValue *o = lj_lib_checkany(L, 1);
   SBufExt sbx;
-  lj_bufx_init_borrow(L, &sbx, &G(L)->tmpbuf);
+  memset(&sbx, 0, sizeof(SBufExt));
+  lj_bufx_set_borrow(L, &sbx, &G(L)->tmpbuf);
   lj_serialize_put(&sbx, o);
   setstrV(L, L->top++, lj_buf_str(L, (SBuf *)&sbx));
   lj_gc_check(L);
@@ -309,7 +332,8 @@ LJLIB_CF(buffer_decode)
 {
   GCstr *str = lj_lib_checkstrx(L, 1);
   SBufExt sbx;
-  lj_bufx_init_cow(L, &sbx, strdata(str), str->len);
+  memset(&sbx, 0, sizeof(SBufExt));
+  lj_bufx_set_cow(L, &sbx, strdata(str), str->len);
   /* No need to set sbx.cowref here. */
   setnilV(L->top++);
   lj_serialize_get(&sbx, L->top-1);
diff --git a/src/lj_buf.h b/src/lj_buf.h
index 02f0ac61..b97d55ef 100644
--- a/src/lj_buf.h
+++ b/src/lj_buf.h
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ typedef struct SBufExt {
     MRef bsb;           /* Borrowed string buffer. */
   };
   char *r;              /* Read pointer. */
+  GCRef dict;           /* Serialization string dictionary table. */
   int depth;            /* Remaining recursion depth. */
 } SBufExt;
 
@@ -114,19 +115,17 @@ static LJ_AINLINE void lj_bufx_init(lua_State *L, SBufExt *sbx)
   setsbufXL(sbx, L, SBUF_FLAG_EXT);
 }
 
-static LJ_AINLINE void lj_bufx_init_borrow(lua_State *L, SBufExt *sbx, SBuf *sb)
+static LJ_AINLINE void lj_bufx_set_borrow(lua_State *L, SBufExt *sbx, SBuf *sb)
 {
-  memset(sbx, 0, sizeof(SBufExt));
   setsbufXL(sbx, L, SBUF_FLAG_EXT | SBUF_FLAG_BORROW);
   setmref(sbx->bsb, sb);
   sbx->r = sbx->w = sbx->b = sb->b;
   sbx->e = sb->e;
 }
 
-static LJ_AINLINE void lj_bufx_init_cow(lua_State *L, SBufExt *sbx,
-                                        const char *p, MSize len)
+static LJ_AINLINE void lj_bufx_set_cow(lua_State *L, SBufExt *sbx,
+                                       const char *p, MSize len)
 {
-  memset(sbx, 0, sizeof(SBufExt));
   setsbufXL(sbx, L, SBUF_FLAG_EXT | SBUF_FLAG_COW);
   sbx->r = sbx->b = (char *)p;
   sbx->w = sbx->e = (char *)p + len;
@@ -142,9 +141,12 @@ static LJ_AINLINE void lj_bufx_reset(SBufExt *sbx)
   sbx->r = sbx->w = sbx->b;
 }
 
-static LJ_AINLINE void lj_bufx_free(global_State *g, SBufExt *sbx)
+static LJ_AINLINE void lj_bufx_free(lua_State *L, SBufExt *sbx)
 {
-  if (!sbufiscow(sbx)) lj_mem_free(g, sbx->b, sbufsz(sbx));
+  if (!sbufiscow(sbx)) lj_mem_free(G(L), sbx->b, sbufsz(sbx));
+  setsbufXL(sbx, L, SBUF_FLAG_EXT);
+  setgcrefnull(sbx->cowref);
+  sbx->r = sbx->w = sbx->b = sbx->e = NULL;
 }
 
 /* Low-level buffer put operations */
diff --git a/src/lj_errmsg.h b/src/lj_errmsg.h
index af4a03dd..56be4bb9 100644
--- a/src/lj_errmsg.h
+++ b/src/lj_errmsg.h
@@ -182,8 +182,10 @@ ERRDEF(FFI_NYICALL,	"NYI: cannot call this C function (yet)")
 
 #if LJ_HASBUFFER
 /* String buffer errors. */
+ERRDEF(BUFFER_BADOPT,   "bad options table")
 ERRDEF(BUFFER_BADENC,   "cannot serialize " LUA_QS)
 ERRDEF(BUFFER_BADDEC,   "cannot deserialize tag 0x%02x")
+ERRDEF(BUFFER_BADDICTX, "cannot deserialize dictionary index %d")
 ERRDEF(BUFFER_DEPTH,    "too deep to serialize")
 ERRDEF(BUFFER_DUPKEY,   "duplicate table key")
 ERRDEF(BUFFER_EOB,      "unexpected end of buffer")
diff --git a/src/lj_gc.c b/src/lj_gc.c
index 1f382ea0..646a27b2 100644
--- a/src/lj_gc.c
+++ b/src/lj_gc.c
@@ -67,9 +67,10 @@ static void gc_mark(global_State *g, GCobj *o)
     gc_markobj(g, tabref(gco2ud(o)->env));
     if (LJ_HASBUFFER && gco2ud(o)->udtype == UDTYPE_BUFFER) {
       SBufExt *sbx = (SBufExt *)uddata(gco2ud(o));
-      if (sbufiscow(sbx) && gcref(sbx->cowref) != NULL) {
+      if (sbufiscow(sbx) && gcref(sbx->cowref))
         gc_markobj(g, gcref(sbx->cowref));
-      }
+      if (gcref(sbx->dict))
+        gc_markobj(g, gcref(sbx->dict));
     }
   } else if (LJ_UNLIKELY(gct == ~LJ_TUPVAL)) {
     GCupval *uv = gco2uv(o);
diff --git a/src/lj_obj.h b/src/lj_obj.h
index 0dae5fec..5547a79b 100644
--- a/src/lj_obj.h
+++ b/src/lj_obj.h
@@ -923,7 +923,7 @@ static LJ_AINLINE void setgcV(lua_State *L, TValue *o, GCobj *v, uint32_t it)
 }
 
 #define define_setV(name, type, tag) \
-static LJ_AINLINE void name(lua_State *L, TValue *o, type *v) \
+static LJ_AINLINE void name(lua_State *L, TValue *o, const type *v) \
 { \
   setgcV(L, o, obj2gco(v), tag); \
 }
diff --git a/src/lj_serialize.c b/src/lj_serialize.c
index 49a25a7c..d84ebcb8 100644
--- a/src/lj_serialize.c
+++ b/src/lj_serialize.c
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ enum {
   SER_TAG_NUM,
   SER_TAG_TAB,          /* 0x08 */
   SER_TAG_0x0e = SER_TAG_TAB+6,
-  SER_TAG_0x0f,
+  SER_TAG_DICT,
   SER_TAG_INT64,        /* 0x10 */
   SER_TAG_UINT64,
   SER_TAG_COMPLEX,
@@ -120,6 +120,26 @@ static LJ_AINLINE char *serialize_ru124(char *r, char *w, uint32_t *pv)
   return NULL;
 }
 
+/* Prepare string dictionary for use (once). */
+void LJ_FASTCALL lj_serialize_dict_prep(lua_State *L, GCtab *dict)
+{
+  if (!dict->hmask) {  /* No hash part means not prepared, yet. */
+    MSize i, len = lj_tab_len(dict);
+    if (!len) return;
+    lj_tab_resize(L, dict, dict->asize, hsize2hbits(len));
+    for (i = 1; i <= len && i < dict->asize; i++) {
+      cTValue *o = arrayslot(dict, i);
+      if (tvisstr(o)) {
+        if (!lj_tab_getstr(dict, strV(o))) {  /* Ignore dups. */
+          lj_tab_newkey(L, dict, o)->u64 = (uint64_t)(i-1);
+        }
+      } else if (!tvisfalse(o)) {
+        lj_err_caller(L, LJ_ERR_BUFFER_BADOPT);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 /* -- Internal serializer ------------------------------------------------- */
 
 /* Put serialized object into buffer. */
@@ -174,12 +194,45 @@ static char *serialize_put(char *w, SBufExt *sbx, cTValue *o)
     }
     if (nhash) {  /* Write hash entries. */
       const Node *node = noderef(t->node) + t->hmask;
-      for (;; node--)
-        if (!tvisnil(&node->val)) {
-          w = serialize_put(w, sbx, &node->key);
-          w = serialize_put(w, sbx, &node->val);
-          if (--nhash == 0) break;
-        }
+      GCtab *dict = tabref(sbx->dict);
+      if (LJ_UNLIKELY(dict)) {
+        for (;; node--)
+          if (!tvisnil(&node->val)) {
+            if (LJ_LIKELY(tvisstr(&node->key))) {
+              /* Inlined lj_tab_getstr is 30% faster. */
+              const GCstr *str = strV(&node->key);
+              Node *n = hashstr(dict, str);
+              do {
+                if (tvisstr(&n->key) && strV(&n->key) == str) {
+                  uint32_t idx = n->val.u32.lo;
+                  w = serialize_more(w, sbx, 1+5);
+                  *w++ = SER_TAG_DICT;
+                  w = serialize_wu124(w, idx);
+                  break;
+                }
+                n = nextnode(n);
+                if (!n) {
+                  MSize len = str->len;
+                  w = serialize_more(w, sbx, 5+len);
+                  w = serialize_wu124(w, SER_TAG_STR + len);
+                  w = lj_buf_wmem(w, strdata(str), len);
+                  break;
+                }
+              } while (1);
+            } else {
+              w = serialize_put(w, sbx, &node->key);
+            }
+            w = serialize_put(w, sbx, &node->val);
+            if (--nhash == 0) break;
+          }
+      } else {
+        for (;; node--)
+          if (!tvisnil(&node->val)) {
+            w = serialize_put(w, sbx, &node->key);
+            w = serialize_put(w, sbx, &node->val);
+            if (--nhash == 0) break;
+          }
+      }
     }
     sbx->depth++;
 #if LJ_HASFFI
@@ -266,6 +319,16 @@ static char *serialize_get(char *r, SBufExt *sbx, TValue *o)
     if (!tvisnum(o)) setnanV(o);
   } else if (tp <= SER_TAG_TRUE) {
     setpriV(o, ~tp);
+  } else if (tp == SER_TAG_DICT) {
+    GCtab *dict;
+    uint32_t idx;
+    r = serialize_ru124(r, w, &idx);
+    idx++;
+    dict = tabref(sbx->dict);
+    if (dict && idx < dict->asize && tvisstr(arrayslot(dict, idx)))
+      copyTV(sbufL(sbx), o, arrayslot(dict, idx));
+    else
+      lj_err_callerv(sbufL(sbx), LJ_ERR_BUFFER_BADDICTX, idx);
   } else if (tp >= SER_TAG_TAB && tp < SER_TAG_TAB+6) {
     uint32_t narray = 0, nhash = 0;
     GCtab *t;
diff --git a/src/lj_serialize.h b/src/lj_serialize.h
index f5617790..ccf1d63d 100644
--- a/src/lj_serialize.h
+++ b/src/lj_serialize.h
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 
 #define LJ_SERIALIZE_DEPTH      100     /* Default depth. */
 
+LJ_FUNC void LJ_FASTCALL lj_serialize_dict_prep(lua_State *L, GCtab *dict);
 LJ_FUNC SBufExt * LJ_FASTCALL lj_serialize_put(SBufExt *sbx, cTValue *o);
 LJ_FUNC SBufExt * LJ_FASTCALL lj_serialize_get(SBufExt *sbx, TValue *o);
 
diff --git a/src/lj_tab.c b/src/lj_tab.c
index 27e58f0a..ed5fd2dd 100644
--- a/src/lj_tab.c
+++ b/src/lj_tab.c
@@ -16,25 +16,6 @@
 
 /* -- Object hashing ------------------------------------------------------ */
 
-/* Hash values are masked with the table hash mask and used as an index. */
-static LJ_AINLINE Node *hashmask(const GCtab *t, uint32_t hash)
-{
-  Node *n = noderef(t->node);
-  return &n[hash & t->hmask];
-}
-
-/* String IDs are generated when a string is interned. */
-#define hashstr(t, s)           hashmask(t, (s)->sid)
-
-#define hashlohi(t, lo, hi)     hashmask((t), hashrot((lo), (hi)))
-#define hashnum(t, o)           hashlohi((t), (o)->u32.lo, ((o)->u32.hi << 1))
-#if LJ_GC64
-#define hashgcref(t, r) \
-  hashlohi((t), (uint32_t)gcrefu(r), (uint32_t)(gcrefu(r) >> 32))
-#else
-#define hashgcref(t, r)         hashlohi((t), gcrefu(r), gcrefu(r) + HASH_BIAS)
-#endif
-
 /* Hash an arbitrary key and return its anchor position in the hash table. */
 static Node *hashkey(const GCtab *t, cTValue *key)
 {
@@ -413,7 +394,7 @@ cTValue * LJ_FASTCALL lj_tab_getinth(GCtab *t, int32_t key)
   return NULL;
 }
 
-cTValue *lj_tab_getstr(GCtab *t, GCstr *key)
+cTValue *lj_tab_getstr(GCtab *t, const GCstr *key)
 {
   Node *n = hashstr(t, key);
   do {
@@ -546,7 +527,7 @@ TValue *lj_tab_setinth(lua_State *L, GCtab *t, int32_t key)
   return lj_tab_newkey(L, t, &k);
 }
 
-TValue *lj_tab_setstr(lua_State *L, GCtab *t, GCstr *key)
+TValue *lj_tab_setstr(lua_State *L, GCtab *t, const GCstr *key)
 {
   TValue k;
   Node *n = hashstr(t, key);
diff --git a/src/lj_tab.h b/src/lj_tab.h
index 97436cc0..1efa9506 100644
--- a/src/lj_tab.h
+++ b/src/lj_tab.h
@@ -31,6 +31,25 @@ static LJ_AINLINE uint32_t hashrot(uint32_t lo, uint32_t hi)
   return hi;
 }
 
+/* Hash values are masked with the table hash mask and used as an index. */
+static LJ_AINLINE Node *hashmask(const GCtab *t, uint32_t hash)
+{
+  Node *n = noderef(t->node);
+  return &n[hash & t->hmask];
+}
+
+/* String IDs are generated when a string is interned. */
+#define hashstr(t, s)           hashmask(t, (s)->sid)
+
+#define hashlohi(t, lo, hi)     hashmask((t), hashrot((lo), (hi)))
+#define hashnum(t, o)           hashlohi((t), (o)->u32.lo, ((o)->u32.hi << 1))
+#if LJ_GC64
+#define hashgcref(t, r) \
+  hashlohi((t), (uint32_t)gcrefu(r), (uint32_t)(gcrefu(r) >> 32))
+#else
+#define hashgcref(t, r)         hashlohi((t), gcrefu(r), gcrefu(r) + HASH_BIAS)
+#endif
+
 #define hsize2hbits(s)  ((s) ? ((s)==1 ? 1 : 1+lj_fls((uint32_t)((s)-1))) : 0)
 
 LJ_FUNCA GCtab *lj_tab_new(lua_State *L, uint32_t asize, uint32_t hbits);
@@ -50,14 +69,14 @@ LJ_FUNCA void lj_tab_reasize(lua_State *L, GCtab *t, uint32_t nasize);
 /* Caveat: all getters except lj_tab_get() can return NULL! */
 
 LJ_FUNCA cTValue * LJ_FASTCALL lj_tab_getinth(GCtab *t, int32_t key);
-LJ_FUNC cTValue *lj_tab_getstr(GCtab *t, GCstr *key);
+LJ_FUNC cTValue *lj_tab_getstr(GCtab *t, const GCstr *key);
 LJ_FUNCA cTValue *lj_tab_get(lua_State *L, GCtab *t, cTValue *key);
 
 /* Caveat: all setters require a write barrier for the stored value. */
 
 LJ_FUNCA TValue *lj_tab_newkey(lua_State *L, GCtab *t, cTValue *key);
 LJ_FUNCA TValue *lj_tab_setinth(lua_State *L, GCtab *t, int32_t key);
-LJ_FUNC TValue *lj_tab_setstr(lua_State *L, GCtab *t, GCstr *key);
+LJ_FUNC TValue *lj_tab_setstr(lua_State *L, GCtab *t, const GCstr *key);
 LJ_FUNC TValue *lj_tab_set(lua_State *L, GCtab *t, cTValue *key);
 
 #define inarray(t, key)         ((MSize)(key) < (MSize)(t)->asize)