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1.\" $OpenBSD: SSL_CTX_new.3,v 1.17 2022/07/13 22:05:53 schwarze Exp $
2.\" full merge up to: OpenSSL 21cd6e00 Oct 21 14:40:15 2015 +0100
3.\" selective merge up to: OpenSSL 8f75443f May 24 14:04:26 2019 +0200
4.\"
5.\" This file was written by Lutz Jaenicke <jaenicke@openssl.org>.
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53.Dd $Mdocdate: July 13 2022 $
54.Dt SSL_CTX_NEW 3
55.Os
56.Sh NAME
57.Nm SSL_CTX_new ,
58.Nm SSL_CTX_up_ref ,
59.Nm TLS_method ,
60.Nm TLS_server_method ,
61.Nm TLS_client_method ,
62.Nm SSLv23_method ,
63.Nm SSLv23_server_method ,
64.Nm SSLv23_client_method ,
65.Nm TLSv1_method ,
66.Nm TLSv1_server_method ,
67.Nm TLSv1_client_method ,
68.Nm TLSv1_1_method ,
69.Nm TLSv1_1_server_method ,
70.Nm TLSv1_1_client_method ,
71.Nm TLSv1_2_method ,
72.Nm TLSv1_2_server_method ,
73.Nm TLSv1_2_client_method ,
74.Nm DTLS_method ,
75.Nm DTLS_server_method ,
76.Nm DTLS_client_method ,
77.Nm DTLSv1_method ,
78.Nm DTLSv1_server_method ,
79.Nm DTLSv1_client_method ,
80.Nm DTLSv1_2_method ,
81.Nm DTLSv1_2_server_method ,
82.Nm DTLSv1_2_client_method
83.Nd create a new SSL_CTX object as a framework for TLS enabled functions
84.Sh SYNOPSIS
85.In openssl/ssl.h
86.Ft SSL_CTX *
87.Fn SSL_CTX_new "const SSL_METHOD *method"
88.Ft int
89.Fn SSL_CTX_up_ref "SSL_CTX *ctx"
90.Ft const SSL_METHOD *
91.Fn TLS_method void
92.Ft const SSL_METHOD *
93.Fn TLS_server_method void
94.Ft const SSL_METHOD *
95.Fn TLS_client_method void
96.Ft const SSL_METHOD *
97.Fn SSLv23_method void
98.Ft const SSL_METHOD *
99.Fn SSLv23_server_method void
100.Ft const SSL_METHOD *
101.Fn SSLv23_client_method void
102.Ft const SSL_METHOD *
103.Fn TLSv1_method void
104.Ft const SSL_METHOD *
105.Fn TLSv1_server_method void
106.Ft const SSL_METHOD *
107.Fn TLSv1_client_method void
108.Ft const SSL_METHOD *
109.Fn TLSv1_1_method void
110.Ft const SSL_METHOD *
111.Fn TLSv1_1_server_method void
112.Ft const SSL_METHOD *
113.Fn TLSv1_1_client_method void
114.Ft const SSL_METHOD *
115.Fn TLSv1_2_method void
116.Ft const SSL_METHOD *
117.Fn TLSv1_2_server_method void
118.Ft const SSL_METHOD *
119.Fn TLSv1_2_client_method void
120.Ft const SSL_METHOD *
121.Fn DTLS_method void
122.Ft const SSL_METHOD *
123.Fn DTLS_server_method void
124.Ft const SSL_METHOD *
125.Fn DTLS_client_method void
126.Ft const SSL_METHOD *
127.Fn DTLSv1_method void
128.Ft const SSL_METHOD *
129.Fn DTLSv1_server_method void
130.Ft const SSL_METHOD *
131.Fn DTLSv1_client_method void
132.Ft const SSL_METHOD *
133.Fn DTLSv1_2_method void
134.Ft const SSL_METHOD *
135.Fn DTLSv1_2_server_method void
136.Ft const SSL_METHOD *
137.Fn DTLSv1_2_client_method void
138.Sh DESCRIPTION
139.Fn SSL_CTX_new
140creates a new
141.Vt SSL_CTX
142object as a framework to establish TLS or DTLS enabled connections.
143It initializes the list of ciphers, the session cache setting, the
144callbacks, the keys and certificates, the options, and the security
145level to its default values.
146.Pp
147An
148.Vt SSL_CTX
149object is reference counted.
150Creating a new
151.Vt SSL_CTX
152object sets its reference count to 1.
153Calling
154.Fn SSL_CTX_up_ref
155on it increments the reference count by 1.
156Calling
157.Xr SSL_CTX_free 3
158on it decrements the reference count by 1.
159When the reference count drops to zero,
160any memory or resources allocated to the
161.Vt SSL_CTX
162object are freed.
163.Pp
164The
165.Vt SSL_CTX
166object uses
167.Fa method
168as its connection method, which can be:
169.Bl -tag -width Ds
170.It Fn TLS_method
171The general-purpose version-flexible TLS method.
172The protocol version used will be negotiated to the highest
173version mutually supported by the client and the server.
174The supported protocols are TLSv1, TLSv1.1, TLSv1.2, and TLSv1.3.
175.It Fn DTLS_method
176The version-flexible DTLS method.
177The currently supported protocols are DTLSv1 and DTLSv1.2.
178.El
179.Pp
180The following
181.Fa method
182arguments are deprecated:
183.Bl -tag -width Ds
184.It Xo
185.Fn TLS_server_method ,
186.Fn TLS_client_method ,
187.Fn SSLv23_method ,
188.Fn SSLv23_server_method ,
189.Fn SSLv23_client_method
190.Xc
191Deprecated aliases for
192.Fn TLS_method .
193.It Xo
194.Fn DTLS_server_method ,
195.Fn DTLS_client_method
196.Xc
197Deprecated aliases for
198.Fn DTLS_method .
199.It Xo
200.Fn TLSv1_method ,
201.Fn TLSv1_server_method ,
202.Fn TLSv1_client_method
203.Xc
204A connection established with these methods will only
205understand the TLSv1 protocol.
206.It Xo
207.Fn TLSv1_1_method ,
208.Fn TLSv1_1_server_method ,
209.Fn TLSv1_1_client_method
210.Xc
211A connection established with these methods will only
212understand the TLSv1.1 protocol.
213.It Xo
214.Fn TLSv1_2_method ,
215.Fn TLSv1_2_server_method ,
216.Fn TLSv1_2_client_method
217.Xc
218A connection established with these methods will only
219understand the TLSv1.2 protocol.
220.It Xo
221.Fn DTLSv1_method ,
222.Fn DTLSv1_server_method ,
223.Fn DTLSv1_client_method
224.Xc
225These are the version-specific methods for DTLSv1.
226.It Xo
227.Fn DTLSv1_2_method ,
228.Fn DTLSv1_2_server_method ,
229.Fn DTLSv1_2_client_method
230These are the version-specific methods for DTLSv1.2.
231.Xc
232.El
233.Pp
234In LibreSSL, the methods containing the substrings
235.Dq _server
236or
237.Dq _client
238in their names return the same objects
239as the methods without these substrings.
240.Pp
241The list of protocols available can also be limited using the
242.Dv SSL_OP_NO_TLSv1 ,
243.Dv SSL_OP_NO_TLSv1_1 ,
244and
245.Dv SSL_OP_NO_TLSv1_2
246options of the
247.Xr SSL_CTX_set_options 3
248or
249.Xr SSL_set_options 3
250functions, but this approach is not recommended.
251Clients should avoid creating "holes" in the set of protocols they support.
252When disabling a protocol, make sure that you also disable either
253all previous or all subsequent protocol versions.
254In clients, when a protocol version is disabled without disabling
255all previous protocol versions, the effect is to also disable all
256subsequent protocol versions.
257.Pp
258DTLSv1 and DTLSv1.2 can be disabled with
259.Xr SSL_CTX_set_options 3
260or
261.Xr SSL_set_options 3
262using the
263.Dv SSL_OP_NO_DTLSv1
264and
265.Dv SSL_OP_NO_DTLSv1_2
266options, respectively.
267.Sh RETURN VALUES
268.Fn SSL_CTX_new
269returns a pointer to the newly allocated object or
270.Dv NULL
271on failure.
272Check the error stack to find out the reason for failure.
273.Pp
274.Fn SSL_CTX_up_ref
275returns 1 for success or 0 for failure.
276.Pp
277.Fn TLS_method
278and the other
279.Fn *_method
280functions return pointers to constant static objects.
281.Sh SEE ALSO
282.Xr ssl 3 ,
283.Xr SSL_accept 3 ,
284.Xr SSL_CTX_free 3 ,
285.Xr SSL_CTX_set_min_proto_version 3 ,
286.Xr SSL_CTX_set_options 3 ,
287.Xr SSL_CTX_set_security_level 3 ,
288.Xr SSL_set_connect_state 3
289.Sh HISTORY
290.Fn SSL_CTX_new
291first appeared in SSLeay 0.5.1.
292.Fn SSLv23_method ,
293.Fn SSLv23_server_method ,
294and
295.Fn SSLv23_client_method
296first appeared in SSLeay 0.8.0.
297.Fn TLSv1_method ,
298.Fn TLSv1_server_method ,
299and
300.Fn TLSv1_client_method
301first appeared in SSLeay 0.9.0.
302All these functions have been available since
303.Ox 2.4 .
304.Pp
305.Fn DTLSv1_method ,
306.Fn DTLSv1_server_method ,
307and
308.Fn DTLSv1_client_method
309first appeared in OpenSSL 0.9.8 and have been available since
310.Ox 4.5 .
311.Pp
312.Fn TLSv1_1_method ,
313.Fn TLSv1_1_server_method ,
314.Fn TLSv1_1_client_method ,
315.Fn TLSv1_2_method ,
316.Fn TLSv1_2_server_method ,
317and
318.Fn TLSv1_2_client_method
319first appeared in OpenSSL 1.0.1 and have been available since
320.Ox 5.3 .
321.Pp
322.Fn DTLS_method ,
323.Fn DTLS_server_method ,
324and
325.Fn DTLS_client_method
326first appeared in OpenSSL 1.0.2 and have been available since
327.Ox 6.5 .
328.Pp
329.Fn TLS_method ,
330.Fn TLS_server_method ,
331and
332.Fn TLS_client_method
333first appeared in OpenSSL 1.1.0 and have been available since
334.Ox 5.8 .
335.Pp
336.Fn SSL_CTX_up_ref
337first appeared in OpenSSL 1.1.0 and has been available since
338.Ox 6.3 .
339.Pp
340.Fn DTLSv1_2_method ,
341.Fn DTLSv1_2_server_method ,
342and
343.Fn DTLSv1_2_client_method
344first appeared in OpenSSL 1.1.0 and have been available since
345.Ox 6.9 .
generated by cgit v1.2.3-55-g6feb (git 2.39.1) at 2026-02-11 15:11:54 +0000