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.\" $OpenBSD: i2a_ASN1_STRING.3,v 1.1 2021/11/15 10:41:11 schwarze Exp $
.\"
.\" Copyright (c) 2021 Ingo Schwarze <schwarze@openbsd.org>
.\"
.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
.\"
.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
.\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
.\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
.\" ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
.\" WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
.\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
.\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
.\"
.Dd $Mdocdate: November 15 2021 $
.Dt I2A_ASN1_STRING 3
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm i2a_ASN1_STRING ,
.Nm a2i_ASN1_STRING
.Nd hexadecimal dump of an ASN.1 string
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.In openssl/asn1.h
.Ft int
.Fo i2a_ASN1_STRING
.Fa "BIO *out_bio"
.Fa "const ASN1_STRING *a"
.Fa "int type"
.Fc
.Ft int
.Fo a2i_ASN1_STRING
.Fa "BIO *in_bio"
.Fa "ASN1_STRING *out_string"
.Fa "char *buffer"
.Fa "int size"
.Fc
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The function
.Fn i2a_ASN1_STRING
writes a hexadecimal representation of
.Fa a
to
.Fa out_bio .
The
.Fa type
argument is ignored.
.Pp
Each byte of
.Xr ASN1_STRING_get0_data 3
is written as a number consisting of two upper-case hexadecimal digits.
After each group of 70 digits, a backslash and a linefeed
are inserted before the next digit.
.Pp
If the
.Xr ASN1_STRING_length 3
of
.Fa a
is 0, the single digit
.Ql 0
is written instead.
If
.Fa a
is a
.Dv NULL
pointer, nothing is written.
.Pp
The function
.Fn a2i_ASN1_STRING
parses a hexadecimal representation of an ASN.1 string into
.Fa out_string .
Both lower-case and upper-case hexadecimal digits are accepted.
Every pair of input digits is converted into one output byte.
At least one pair of input digits is required.
.Pp
On every input line, the trailing newline character and an optional
carrier return character character preceding it are ignored.
The trailing newline need not be present on the last line.
If there is a backslash character before the newline character,
parsing is continued on the next input line.
In particular,
.Fn a2i_ASN1_STRING
is able to parse the output of
.Fn i2a_ASN1_STRING
except when the
.Xr ASN1_STRING_length 3
of
.Fa a
was 0.
.Pp
Parsing fails if an input line contains an odd number of input
digits or if memory allocation fails.
.Pp
This function uses the
.Fa buffer
provided by the caller and assumes it is at least
.Fa size
bytes long.
It is unspecified what the buffer contains after the function returns.
.Sh RETURN VALUES
The function
.Fn i2a_ASN1_STRING
returns the number of bytes written or \-1 if
.Xr BIO_write 3
fails.
.Pp
The function
.Fn a2i_ASN1_STRING
is intended to return 1 for success or 0 for failure, but see the
.Sx BUGS
section for a number of traps.
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr ASN1_STRING_length 3 ,
.Xr ASN1_STRING_new 3 ,
.Xr ASN1_STRING_print_ex 3 ,
.Xr i2a_ASN1_INTEGER 3 ,
.Xr i2a_ASN1_OBJECT 3
.Sh HISTORY
These functions first appeared in SSLeay 0.6.5.
The function
.Fn a2i_ASN1_STRING
has been part of the public API since SSLeay 0.6.5 and
.Fn i2a_ASN1_STRING
since SSLeay 0.8.0.
They have been available since
.Ox 2.4 .
.Sh BUGS
If the first call to
.Xr BIO_gets 3
does not return any data, even if that is caused by a fatal I/O error,
if the BIO type does not support the
.Dq gets
operation, or if it is caused by the BIO being non-blocking,
.Fn a2i_ASN1_STRING
immediately succeeds and returns an empty
.Fa out_string .
.Pp
If
.Fn BIO_gets 3
returns a partial line, for example because the given
.Fa size
is insufficient to contain one of the input lines
or for reasons specific to the BIO type,
.Fn a2i_ASN1_STRING
may fail or silently return a truncated result.
The caller is responsible for providing a
.Fa buffer
of sufficient size to contain the longest possible input line
and for choosing a BIO of a type that only returns complete
input lines and does not perform partial reads.
.Pp
The function
.Fn a2i_ASN1_STRING
does not support non-blocking BIOs.
Reading is terminated as soon as
.Xr BIO_gets 3
returns a value less than 1.
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